Homework 19 - Chapter 14: A New Industrial Age
Read pages 434 to 457
Section 1: The Expansion of Industry
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What did Pattillo Higgins find in 1901?
How did this transform the area?
How did the US change from 1865 to 1920?
What contribution did Edwin Drake make to US History?
What were 2 important byproducts of oil needed in the 20th Century?
What was the major weakness of iron?
How did the Bessemer process make iron stronger?
What were some of the new uses for steel?
What did William Jenney construct?
Look at the spotlight on page 438. Before switching to tungsten, what did Edison use as a filament in the early
light bulbs?
What did Christopher Sholes invent?
What did Dr. Sholes invent?
What contribution did Alexander G. Bell make to US history?
How did Sholes and Bell transform the office world and make more jobs for America?
How did industrialization help and hurt the standard of living by 1890?
Section 2: The Age of Railroads
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Why was Richard Ely amazed with the town of Pullman?
Why did he call it un-American?
What happened on May 10, 1869?
Which Americans were the cheap sources of labor for railroads?
How many died and were hurt from railroad building accidents?
Why did Professor Dowd create 4 time zones for the US?
Railroads created new towns and markets. Why were these essential to the growth of the country?
Who was George Pullman?
Why were his railroad company towns so strictly regulated?
What was the Credit Mobelier?
Why did this hurt the Republican party badly?
What was the Grange?
Why did they want to have the government regulate railroads?
What crimes had the railroad companies committed?
What did the court case Munn v. Illinois decide?
By 1886 what new ruling did the Supreme Court make about railroad regulation?
What did Congress create in 1887?
What was the purpose of this government agency?
Why was the ICC denied the right to set a maximum railroad rate?
What were the consequences of the Panic of 1893?
What caused the panic?
By 1900 who owned most of the railroads in the US?
Section 3: Big Business and Labor
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What did Carnegie think about earning his first dividend as a boy?
By 1899, what had Carnegie Steel accomplished?
What is vertical integration?
What is horizontal integration?
How did these strategies help Carnegie form a steel monopoly?
What is Social Darwinism?
What are the merits and drawbacks from Dr. Herbert Spencer’s thinking?
Why do you think Horatia Alger’s Rags to Riches novels were top sellers?
How did JP Morgan use the holding company to control US Steel?
How did John D. Rockefeller merge the oil companies together?
What is coercive about his methods?
What did the term “robber barrons” mean?
How did men such as Carnegie and Rockefeller rehabilitate their images?
What is the Sherman Anti Trust Act?
What was it supposed to do?
Why did it fail for many years?
Why was industrialization slow to come to the south?
What were the conditions and dangers for everyday industrial workers?
Why was there so little that could be done to correct this?
What did William Sylvis form in 1866?
What did Sylvis convince Congress to do in 1868?
What did Uriah Stephens found in 1869?
What was unique about this group?
Why did the Knights of Labor use arbitration instead of strikes?
Who was Sam Gompers and what union did he found?
What was Gompers favorite strategy to gain benefits for workers?
What approach did Eugene Debs take with the American Railways Union?
What nickname did members of the Industrial Workers of the World get for themselves?
Why were they called a radical group?
What made the Great Strike of 1877 effective?
How did the Haymarket Strike turn into a disaster?
Why did the public turn against unions after violent events?
How did Carnegie defeat the union that started the Homestead Strike?
What was the source of tension between George Pullman and the ARU in 1893?
What methods did Pullman use to break the strike?
What happened at the Triangle Waistshirt Factory in 1911?
What did this demonstrate about factory conditions?
Why did labor union membership soar despite opposition from government, big business, and the public?