AP Psych Review
Chapter 9 – Chapter 18
Topics
Intelligence theorists
Personality theorists
Therapies & approaches
Intelligence theorists
Charles Spearman
Raymond Cattell
L.L. Thurstone
J.P. Guilford
Howard Gardner
Robert Sternberg
1 intelligence – g factor
2 – fluid & crystallized
Multiple intelligences – 7 clusters
Multiple intelligences – 150+
Multiple intelligences – 9 smarts
3 – triarchic theory
C/C emotional intelligence
Personality theorists
Biological
 Galen
 William Sheldon
Psychodynamic
 Sigmund Freud
 Carl Jung
 Alfred Adler
 Karen Horney
 Nancy Chodrow
4 humors or fluids
Body type -- the “morphs”
Resolve conflicts in 5 psycho-sexual stages
Collective unconscious; archetypes; persona
Superiority & inferiority complex; social interest
Womb envy
Initial attachment to mom but boys have to
reattach to dad
Personality theorists
Humanistic
 Abraham Maslow
 Carl Rogers
Trait
 Gordon Allport
 Raymond Cattell
 Hans Eysenck
 Big 5
Self actualization & hierarchy of needs
Real & ideal self; unconditional positive regard
Cardinal, central & 2ndary
Source & surface
Extroversion, neuroticism & psychoticism
OCEAN
Personality theorists
Behavioral
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BF Skinner
Behavior is personality
Social- cognitive
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George Kelly
Albert Bandura
Julian Rotter
Walter Mischel
Personal constructs & bipolar categories
Reciprocal determinism & self efficacy
Locus of control
Unique behavioral signatures & CAPS
Therapies
Psychoanalytic – conflict or trauma in unconscious
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Psychoanalysis
Psychodynamic therapy
Also free association, hypnosis, dream analysis
Humanistic – positive, warm & fuzzy
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Client-centered therapy & active listening
Therapies
Behavioral – learned a “bad” response that needs to be
changed
 Systematic desensitization (counter conditioning)
 Flooding (exposure therapy)
 Aversive conditioning
 Behavior modification
 Token economy
 Social skills training
Cognitive – how you think
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Rational Emotive Therapy (Albert Ellis)
 A-ctions, B-ehaviors & C-onsequences
Cognitive Behavior Therapy (Aaron Beck)
 Self, World & Future
Therapies
Biological – chemical imbalance
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Drug therapy
 Anti-anxiety
Remove psychotic symptoms of delusions &
hallucinations
Calm down CNS – “chill pills”
 Anti-depressants
Improve mood
 Anti-psychotics
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MAO inhibitors
Tricyclics
SSRIs
Psychosurgery
Electroconvulsive therapy
Transmagnetic Cranial Therapy
Last resort!