Between the Wars – Guided Lecture Notes
 League of Nations
o What did it do?
 Establishment of the
system
 Mandates =

o
Examples of Mandate Territories =
Why did it fail?


USA did not want to become a member, it
wants to
itself from
Europe and the rest of the world
(
)
L of N did not have the power to
its decisions
 United States
o Wanted
from the rest of
the world
o Dominant world
after WWI
o Led to economic “boom”
(=
)
o People borrowed money on credit for
and
 Great Britain
o Horrors of WWI deeply impacted British
and
o Britain lost factory jobs to USA and
o Labour Party (“
“ party) won general elections in the
 France
o Devastated by
o Economic hardship
 High
o
and gov’t nearly
Horrors of War
 50% of men ages 18-32 killed in
 Italy
o Resented Treaty of Versailles
 Did not give enough
to Italy
o High unemployment and
o Political chaos led to the election of Benito
and his
government in 1924
o Fascism =
 Germany
o Anger and resentment over the Treaty of
Republic – democratic gov’t elected in
o
o
o
o
1919
Reparations caused economic
Germany
Loans from the US led to a period of relative
in the 1920’s
But…Political Unrest still occurs….
 Rise of
 Russia
o Lenin’s
o
o
o
in
Hitler during the Munich
Beer Hall Putsch
(NEP) =
Changes name – now U.S.S.R. = Union of
Republics
Lenin dies in 1924 – Josef
comes to power
Stalin implements his first
Year Plan
 Rapid
 Collectivization of Soviet farms. Collectivization =
 Japan
o After WWI – Japan felt the West did not treat it
as an
o Industrialization in the 1920’s leads to a need for
o
o
Japan wanted to gain more control of parts of
(mainly Manchuria)
Japan becomes increasingly
and
Japanese troops in Manchuria
http://www.axishistory.com/fileadmin/user_upload
/j/jp-infantry-manchuria.jpg
 Turning Point – The Stock Market Crash
o Causes of the Stock Market Crash

in USA – prices go down sharply
 Excessive dependence on
to buy goods and stocks –
people cannot pay off their debts.
 High protective
(or taxes on imports) stifle world
trade
o October 1929
 Banks call in loans
 People unable to pay off their
bills
 Stock prices
 Businesses start to fail, laying off
workers
o Result = The Great Depression
Wall Street – October 1929
http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/schools/image/cra
sh.jpg
 The Great Depression
o The Great Depression is GLOBAL =
o Production of goods
around the world
o Prices, Salaries, and Wages fell =
o Many workers lost their jobs

in the USA alone
effects
 United States
o 1932 – Franklin D.
elected President
o
- Federal gov’t would
spend money, put workers back to work
o Fed gov’t regulated
, stock
o Fed gov’t established
and unemployment
 France
o Fascists and Communists constantly battled for influence among
o 1934 -led gov’t comes to power
o Passed many laws that benefited
and
 Germany
o 1929 – Hitler appeals to German workers – He can bring back
economic
and German national pride
(“
“)
o 1930’s – NAZI’s win big in elections (NAZI = acronym for
National
Party)
o 1933 – Hitler is appointed “
“ or
leader of the German gov’t
 Russia
o Results of the FIVE YEAR PLAN
 Rapid ____________________
 Workers work for
or
pay

is scarce
 Famine widespread
o 1930’s – “
“–
Stalin tries to “
“ (execute or
imprison) his “
“ (or people he
believed to be his enemies).
 Japan
o Japan dependent on the US
carried to Japan
o Millions unemployed and
o Military leaders promised stable
(
)
o Eyed imperial expansion in
Burning Germany marks for heat –
results of hyper-inflation
Stalin’s gulags – political
prisoners working at hard labor
- Great Depression in USA
and national pride