Study Guide
Math Unit—Geometry
Learning Targets
At the end of this unit—
1) I can identify, describe, compare, and contrast
characteristics of plane and solid figures.
2) I can identify and draw points, line segments, rays,
angles, and lines.
3) I can identify and describe congruent and noncongruent plane figures.
Vocabulary
Solid figure
a figure that has length, width, and height;
3-dimensional shapes
solid figure examples:
sphere—a solid figure in the shape of a ball
cylinder—a solid figure with 2 congruent circles
as bases
cone—a solid figure with a circle at its base and a
curved surface that meets at a
point
cube—a solid figure with 6 faces that are
congruent squares
pyramid—a solid figure whose base is a polygon and
whose faces are triangles with a
common point
square pyramid—base of the
pyramid is a square
triangular pyramid—base of
the pyramid is a triangle
rectangular prism—a solid figure with faces that
are rectangles
Parts of solid figures
edge—the line on a solid figure where two faces meet
vertex—a point where two edges meet
vertices—more than one vertex
face—a flat surface on a solid figure
Plane figure—a 2-dimensional shape
square—4-sided flat figure with 4 equal sides
rectangle—4-sided flat figure with all 4 angles being
right angles
triangle—3-sided flat figure
circle—round flat shape
line—a set of points that is endless in both directions. Lines
have arrows on each end.
line segment—part of a line. A line segment has an endpoint
on each end.
endpoint—an exact location in space
ray—part of a line that is endless in one direction. A ray has
an endpoint on one end and an arrow on the other.
parallel lines—two lines that never cross. They also stay the
same distance apart from one another.
intersecting lines—two lines that cross at one point. Any lines
that are not parallel are intersecting.
angle—formed by 2 rays that have the same endpoint (vertex)
Angles can be named in 3 ways:
A
B
C
A
4
right angle—forms what is called a square corner. When 2
lines form right angles, the line are called perpendicular
lines.
Polygons—closed figures that are made up of straight lines
triangle—polygon with 3 sides
quadrilateral—polygon with 4 sides
pentagon—polygon with 5 sides
hexagon—polygon with 6 sides
octagon—polygon with 8 sides
congruent—two shapes that have the same size and shape
non-congruent—two shapes that do not have the same size or
same shape