Ch.1: Matter and
Change
1.1 Chemistry
Sciences

used to be divided into
strict categories


physical (nonliving)
biological (living)
Chemistry has parts that
fall under both
categories
 many sciences are so
interrelated that you
can’t categorize them in
those ways anymore.

Chemistry
study of matter and the
changes it undergoes
 chemists use instruments to
improve their ability to
observe and make
measurements

Chemistry
 chemists
work with chemicals (any
substance with definite composition)
 all matter has chemical basis whether
it is living or nonliving
Branches of Chemistry
1.
organic- study of compounds
containing carbon
2.
inorganic- study of compounds that
aren’t organic
1.
physical- study of changes of matter
and their energy
Branches of Chemistry
4.
5.
6.
analytical- study of composition of
materials
biochemistry- study of substances
and processes in living things
theoretical- use of math and
computers to understand chemical
behaviors and design new
compounds
Types of Research
1.
2.
3.

Basic Research- done to increase
knowledge
Applied Research- done to solve a
problem
Technological Development- done to
improve quality of life
technology – application of knowledge
(usually scientific) for practical purposes
Ch. 1: Matter and
Change
1.2 Matter and Its Properties
Terms





Matter- anything that has mass and volume
Atom- smallest unit of an element that
keeps the properties of element
Element- pure substance made of only one
type of atom
Compound- substance made of 2 or more
types of atoms that are chemically bonded
Molecule- type of compound in which bonds
are covalent bonds
Properties of Matter
 chemists
use characteristic properties
to tell substances apart and to
separate them
 some properties define a group of
substances
Types of Properties
 Extensive-
depend on the amount of
matter
 Ex: volume, mass, amount of energy
 Intensive-
do not depend on the
amount
 Ex: density, boiling point, ability to
conduct
Types of Properties

Physicalcharacteristics that
can be observed or
measured without
changing the
identity of a
substance


Chemical- relates to a
substances ability to
undergo changes that
transform it into a
different substance
Easiest to see when a
chemical is reacting