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What is Psychology?
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Overview
The science of psychology
What psychologists do
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The Science of
Psychology
• The discipline concerned with?
• Symbolized with a
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Psychology, pseudoscience,
and common sense
Psuedoscoence-
Empirical-
Why is it not just common sense?
The Birth of Modern
Psychology
• Wilhelm Wundt-
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Psychology’s past
Two early psychologies
1)
2)
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Functionalism
Early approach that emphasized the function
or purpose of behavior and consciousness
Interested in how and why something
happens
Functionalists broadened field of psychology
to include the study of children, animals,
religious experiences, and stream of
consciousness
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Psychoanalysis
A theory of personality and a method
of psychotherapy, originally
formulated by?
Emphasizes? 2 Things
1)
2)
Your turn
Who setup the first psychological lab in
Leipzig, Germany in 1879?
1.
2.
3.
4.
William James
Charles Darwin
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
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Your turn
The first field of psychology to ask
why people have consciousness was:
1. Behaviorism
2. Phrenology
3. Psychoanalysis
4. Functionalism
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Major Psychological
perspectives
Biological perspective
Learning perspective
Cognitive perspective
Sociocultural perspective
Psychodynamic perspective
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The biological
perspective
Psychological approach that focuses
on?
This perspective involves
Hormones
Brain chemistry
Heredity
Evolutionary influences
The learning
perspective
Psychological approach that
emphasizes?
This perspective involves
BehaviorismSocial-cognitive learning-
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The cognitive
perspective
Psychological approach that
emphasizes?
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The sociocultural
perspective
Psychological approach that
emphasizes?
This perspective involves
Social psychology or the study of rules, roles,
groups, and relationships
Cultural psychology or the study of cultural
norms, values, and expectations
The Fish Analogy?
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The psychodynamic
perspective
Psychological approach that
emphasizes?
This perspective involves
Unconscious thoughts, desires, conflicts
Why is it the “thumb” on the hand of psychology?
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Humanist psychology
Psychological approach that
emphasizes?
rather than the scientific
understanding of behavior
This approach
Rejected behaviorism and psychoanalysis
Emphasized creativity and achieving potential
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Your turn
The psychological perspective that
emphasizes mental processes in
perception, memory, language,
problem solving, and other areas of
behavior:
1. Biological perspective
2. Learning perspective
3. Cognitive perspective
4. Psychodynamic perspective
5. Sociocultural perspective
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Your turn
The psychological perspective that
emphasizes social and cultural
influences on behavior.
1. Biological perspective
2.
3.
4.
5.
Learning perspective
Cognitive perspective
Psychodynamic perspective
Sociocultural perspective
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Your turn
The psychological perspective that
emphasizes bodily events such as
hormones, genes, and evolution affect
behavior, feelings, and thoughts.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Biological perspective
Learning perspective
Cognitive perspective
Psychodynamic perspective
5. Sociocultural perspective
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Your turn
The psychological perspective that
emphasizes the “unconscious,”
psychological causes of people’s behavior
is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Biological perspective
Learning perspective
Cognitive perspective
Psychodynamic perspective
5. Sociocultural perspective
What Psychologist Do
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Psychological research
Research in areas of basic or
applied psychology
BasicApplied-
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Psychological practice
Practitioners account for?
Counseling psychologists help
people deal with?
School psychologists work with?
Clinical psychologists?
Education needed?
Psychological practice
• Psychotherapist?
Degree
• Psychoanalyst?
Degree
Psychological practice
• Psychiatrist?
Degree
• Similarity between
psychologist/psychiatrist?
• Difference?
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Psychologists in other
settings
Sports
Consumer issues
Advertising
Organizational problems
Environmental issues
Public policy
Opinion polls
Military training
Animal behavior
Legal issues
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Your turn
What type of psychology seek knowledge
for its own sake rather than for its
practical application:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Clinical Psychologists
Psychoanalysts
Basic Psychology
Applied Psychology
Psychiatrist
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Your turn
What type of psychology study issues that
have direct practical significance:
1. Clinical Psychologists
2. Psychoanalysts
3. Basic Psychology
4. Applied Psychology
5. Psychiatrist
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Your turn
These practitioners who diagnose, treat,
and study mental or emotional problems:
1. Clinical Psychologists
2. Psychoanalysts
3. Basic Psychology
4. Applied Psychology
5. Psychiatrist