Social and Political Events

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“Change is the law of life. And those who look only to the past or the present are certain to miss the future.” JFK

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5.
6.
Fifties
G.I. Bill
Baby boom
Brown v. Board
Civil Rights
Rock and Roll
Sputnik
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Sixties
New Frontier
Cuban Missile Crisis
Gulf of Tonkin
Resolution
Great Society
Counterculture
NASA

1950s
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The Korean Conflict
Red Scare and
McCarthyism
Suez Crisis
Rise of Castro in Cuba
Presidents Truman and
Eisenhower
1960s
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Vietnam War
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Vienna Conference
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Berlin Wall
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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Political Assassinations
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Presidents Eisenhower,
Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon

Korea—page 100-101
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Label the two Koreas and their capitals
Draw and label China, the
Yalu River, Sea of Japan and Yellow Sea
Draw and label the 38 th parallel
Draw and label the
Demilitarized Zone or
DMZ
Make a key and indicate
Communist North (red)and
Democratic South (brown)
Vietnam—page 108-109
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Label the two parts of
Vietnam with capitals,
Laos, Cambodia, and Gulf of Tonkin
Draw and label the 17th parallel and DMZ
Draw and label the Ho
Chi Minh Trail in red
Make a key and indicate communist (green)and noncommunist areas (gold) before 1975

Compare and Contrast the Korean War and the
Vietnam War—5 details for each circle

(for spending, see costofwar.com)
Iraq
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Fatalities: 4486
Total for both: 7442
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Wounded: 31,454
Total for both: 34,826
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Total Casualties: 42, 568
Afghanistan
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Fatalities: 2956
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Wounded: 3372
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The federal budget allotted 24% for military spending

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Richard Nixon
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“Old soldiers never die, they just fade away”
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“…our little dog, Checkers…”
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“I will go to Korea”
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“An iron curtain has descended…”
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“There are communists working in the government.”
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Winston Churchill
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Joseph McCarthy
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Douglas MacArthur
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Dwight D.
Eisenhower

Truman Years: 1945-1953
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Post-war Tensions, United Nations, Truman Doctrine,
Berlin Airlift, Cold War
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Fair Deal—Democratic President with a Republican
Congress
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22 nd Amendment Passed in 1947
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Taft-Hartley Act—limited union power
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Election of 1948—Truman, Dewey (Repub), Thurmond
(Dixiecrat), Wallace (Progressive)—False Headline,
“Dewey Defeats Truman”
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GI Bill of Rights, Baby Boom ,Suburban Growth and
Rise of Sunbelt States—conformity and comfort
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Korean War and desegregation of the armed forces
Eisenhower Years: 1953-1961
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Election of 1952 over Dem. Adlai Stevenson
Vice-President Richard Nixon (Checkers Speech)
Ike went to Korea and resolved conflict
Modern Republicanism
Prosperity and suburban life
Interstate Highway System
Covert actions abroad (Iran and Venezuela)
Independence movements in Africa and Asia of former colonies
Suez Crisis—Eisenhower Doctrine
OPEC oil alliance and Arab nationalism
Spirit of Geneva and Khruschev
Hungarian Revolt
Sputnik
Berlin Crisis and Camp David Meeting
U2 Incident
Communism and Rise of Castro in Cuba
Ike’s warning about military industrial complex

Alexis de Tocqueville, a French political scientist, wrote in 1832:
“I know of no country in which there is so little independence of mind as in America.”
Explain why social critics in the 1950’s probably would have agreed with de Tocqueville’s criticism.

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Suburban living—see
Levittown
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“The American Dream”
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Backyard patios replaced front porches
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Anonymity—air conditioning, garages, lawns, fences

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Little boxes on the hillside,
Little boxes made of ticky tacky, 1
Little boxes on the hillside,
Little boxes all the same.
There's a green one and a pink one
And a blue one and a yellow one,
And they're all made out of ticky tacky
And they all look just the same.
And the people in the houses
All went to the university,
Where they were put in boxes
And they came out all the same,
And there's doctors and lawyers,
And business executives,
And they're all made out of ticky tacky
And they all look just the same.
And they all play on the golf course
And drink their martinis dry,
And they all have pretty children
And the children go to school,
And the children go to summer camp
And then to the university,
Where they are put in boxes
And they come out all the same.
And the boys go into business
And marry and raise a family
In boxes made of ticky tacky
And they all look just the same.
There's a green one and a pink one
And a blue one and a yellow one,
And they're all made out of ticky tacky
And they all look just the same.
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Conservative Clothes
Conservative Politics
(“We like Ike”)
Consumerism—
“Keeping up with the
Jones”—credit
Growth of corporate
America and “white collar” jobs
Segregation

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Baby Boom and Dr. Spock’s ideas of raising children
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Automobile—drive-ins, freeways, burger joints
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Television (c. 1948)—united the American experience
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TV was called “a vast wasteland”
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TV Game shows—scandal
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TV Congressional Hearings on Communism in U.S.

(maybe McCarthy was right?!)
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Project between
1943-1980
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De-ciphered Soviet
Intelligence through code breaking
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Published in 1995 under Freedom of
Information Act
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Verifies work of Alger
Hiss, Rosenbergs and others as Soviet spies

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Middle class married women were housewives and full-time mothers

http://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=h8kJzBJrOkU

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Nixon’s Checkers Speech
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Evening News
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Milton Berle Show
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“I Love Lucy”
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“Howdy Doody”
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Mickey Mouse Club

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Civil Rights
Pill Culture
Rock and Roll
The Beats
Coffee houses
Beatniks
Movies
Books and poetry
Juvenile Delinquents
Art
Architecture

popular music started in the 1950s that grew out of rhythm and blues

People
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=PkfKg7ynK8c
Technology Cold War Events Consumer Products
Politics Entertainment Values and Lifestyle The Arts

1950s
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Overall perception of conformity
Suburbia
Consumerism
Segregation with efforts toward desegregation (Civil Rights)
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1960s
Overall perception of non-conformity
“California Dreaming”
More consumerism
Integration, busing, Nation of Islam, Black
Panthers
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Conservative Clothes
Pills/Pharmaceutical Companies
Kinsey
Traditional women
Beatniks
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“Mod”
Drugs
Sexual Revolution “Summer of Love”
Women’s Rights Movement
Hippies
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Religion—most Americans went to church—added “Under God” to pledge
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Less religious—Vatican II brought changes for Catholics

1950s
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Truman
Nixon’s “Checkers Speech”
“We Like Ike”—
Eisenhower
Republican majorities
McCarthyism
Traditional Values
Civil Rights controversies
Concerns about Juvenile
Delinquents
1960s
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Political Assassinations
JFK— “High Hopes”
Goldwater— “In your heart, you know he’s right”
“All the way with LBJ”
Television
Civil Rights and Vietnam controversies
Baby Boomers and youth-oriented politics
Democratic Convention of 1968
Election of Nixon (Republican)
“The Silent Majority”
Urban riots
The personal became political and the political became personal

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Hard Rock
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Drug Culture
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Flower Children
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Hippies
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Black Panthers
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Nation of Islam
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Draft dodgers
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See counter-cultures
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Examples of conformity

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Election of 1960– “High Hopes”
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The Kennedys
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Jackie and kids
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Robert F. Kennedy
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The New Frontier

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“Do not pray for easy lives.
Pray to be stronger men.”
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“The torch has been passed to a new generation.”
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“Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country.”
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“By the end of this decade, we shall go to the moon.”

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Bay of Pigs
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Peace Corps
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NASA—Mercury Astronauts
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Vienna Conference
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Berlin Wall
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“Ich bin ein Berliner”
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

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Love Field
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Lee Harvey Oswald
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Texas School Book Depository
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The Grassy Knoll
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Parkland Hospital
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Jack Ruby
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Warren Commission
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“Camelot”

“Don’t let it be forgot, that once there was a spot, for one brief shining moment that was known as
Camelot.”
(from the Broadway show,
Camelot—as quoted by
Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy when reminiscing about her husband’s presidency)

“
Every person can make a difference and every person should try.” JFK

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Finished JFK’s term
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Pushed for Civil Rights Act
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Ran against conservative Senator Barry Goldwater in 1964
(“Extremism in the cause of virtue is no vice…”)
(“In your heart, you know he’s right.”)
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The Daisy Commercial led to a landslide victory for
Johnson

1964
Congressional
Resolution authorizing
President to take action in Vietnam

President Lyndon
Johnson’s legislative proposals for aid to public education, voting rights, conservation, medical care, and poverty

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The Great Society
War on Poverty
Medicare
Medicaid
Head Start
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Vietnam War—Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 1964
A liberal Warren Court
Department of Housing and Urban Development

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Medgar Evers, 1963
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John F. Kennedy, 1963
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Malcolm X, 1965
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Martin Luther King, 1968
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Robert F. Kennedy, 1968
(note: Obama used RFK’s old desk in the Senate)

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Tinker v. Des Moines
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Miranda v. Arizona
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Wisconsin v. Yoder
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Issues: birth control, discrimination, rights of the accused, affirmative action, prayer in school, first amendment

“Do your own thing”
The Generation Gap
“Make love not war”
Turn on, tune in, drop out…
“What we have here, is a failure to communicate”
“One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”
“The eagle has landed.”
“We are mired in a stalemate.”
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Hippie philosophy
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More hippie philosophy
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Druggie philosophy of Timothy Leary
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Quote from Cool Hand Luke—a film about non-conformity
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Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon—Apollo 11
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Commentary on Apollo 11
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CBS anchorman Walter Cronkite’s commentary on The Vietnam War in
1968
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Problem between parents and kids

Counterculture—group of young Americans in the 1960s who rejected conventional customs and mainstream culture

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Anti-war protest on college campus turned violent when students burned down the ROTC
Building
The Governor asked
President Nixon to send the National
Guard
Accidental shooting occurred leading to the death of four students

Test Review: Matching, Multiple Choice, Essay
Fifties
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G.I. Bill
Baby Boom
Cold War
Civil Rights
Rock and Roll
Sputnik
Korean War
Truman and Eisenhower
The Beats
Abstract Expressionism
Conformity
Sixties
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New Frontier
Great Society
Cuban Missile Crisis
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Vietnam War
Warren Court
Counterculture
NASA
Rachel Carson
Ralph Nader
Betty Friedan
Bob Dylan
Goldwater