c)
d)
Registration number
Maintenance
CII Institute of Logistics
PGDSCM/DSCM/ADSCM & CERTIFICATE PROGRAMS
Semester-end Examinations- December 2011
7.
a)
GREEN LOGISTICS
b)
c)
d)
Which one of the following is false?
Modal split indicates the proportion of freight carried by different
transport modes
Energy efficiency is the ratio of quantity of CO2 to distance travelled
Average handling factor is the ratio of weight of goods to freight tones
lifted
All the above
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Supply chain involves flow of
Information
Material
Money
All the above
9.
a)
b)
Traffic congestion has an adverse effect on fuel consumption
True
False
Time: 3 hours
Marks: 100
Part A
Answer all questions
(10 x 1 = 10 Marks)
1.
a)
b)
Green SCM includes Reverse Logistics.
Yes
No
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Sustainable development portrays reconciliation of
Environmental objectives
Economic & social objectives
Both a & b
None of the above
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Which one of the following is false?
As per UK Institute of Logistics, Logistics is ‘movement of materials from
earth through production, distribution and consumption and back to
earth’.
Small orders yield only modest environmental benefit
Green SCM is integration of environmental management with SCM
None of the above
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Which one of the following is a key driver for instigating Green Logistics?
Improving customer Relations
Financial ROI
Improving Supply Chain efficiency
All the above
5.
Emissions from the freight transport largely depend on the type of fuel
used
True
False
a)
b)
6.
a)
b)
Which one of the following is not a factor affecting CO2 emissions from
road freight transport?
Vehicle age
Tyre inflation
10. Product level carbon auditing is simpler than activity level
a) True
b) False
Part B
Answer any four
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
(4x15= 60 marks)
Discuss on global effects of atmospheric pollution.
Elaborate the carbon foot printing process.
Explain how the vehicle technology can reduce environmental impact of
freight transport.
Compare the characteristics of the main transport modes
Write short notes on
A. Bull whip effect
B. Vendor managed inventory
C. Just in time
Discuss ways of reducing the environmental impact of warehousing.
Part C
Case study
(3*10=30 marks)
Please read the case and answer the questions given below:
Supply Chain Dynamics: Forrester (1958) noted that attempts to reduce
poor supply chain dynamic behavior can exacerbate the problem. Counterintuitive behavior occurs because the causes of the behavior are obscured from the
decision makers in the chain. A recent example of this is given by Disney, Naim and
Potter (2004). In a controlled experiment using the well-known MIT Beer Game,
they implemented a number of scenarios including a traditional structure,
electronic point of sales (EPOS) and vendor-managed inventory (VMI). The three
supply chain scenarios researched are summarized in Figure given below. A
traditional supply chain may be characterized by four’s serially linked echelons in a
supply chain. Each echelon only receives information on local stock levels and sales,
and will determine its order on its supplier using this knowledge, in conjunction
with forecasts, work-in-process targets and inventory – holding requirements.
Customer
Traditional supply chain
Retailer
Distributor
Warehouse
Factory
echelon structure aims to take a holistic approach and simultaneously manage
both the retailers and distributors stocks. The distributor is given information on
the retailer’s sales and stock levels. As a consequence, the retailer does not need to
place orders on the distributor, because the distributor dispatches adequate
amounts of material to ensure that there is enough stock at the retailer to satisfy
customer service levels. The other echelons in this scenario, namely the warehouse
and factory, retain the traditional ordering structure.
Disney, Naim and Potter (2004) made some interesting discoveries
when investigating these three scenarios. The traditional supply chain behaved
much as predicted, and extreme bullwhip was induced along the whole supply
chain, resulting in increased inventory and backlog holding costs. In the EPOS
scenario two modes were stimulated: one in which no communication between
players was allowed, and a second in discovered that EPOS, both with and without
collaboration, incurred high negative inventory (backlogs) costs. Nevertheless,
EPOS with collaboration doses well at reducing bullwhip in the supply chain.
Answer the following:
1. What will be the impact of elimination of one or more echelons
in the supply chain?
2. ‘Poor communication is the core of bull whip effect’- justify this
statement.
3. Which of the three models can perform better? How?
EPOS supply chain
Customer
*****************************************
Retailer
Distributor
Warehouse
Factory
Customer
VMI supply chain
Retailer
Distributor
Warehouse
Factory
Flow of information upstream
Flow of materials downstream
In the EPOS- enabled scenario, the end-consumer sales are transparent to all
members of the supply chain. This is equivalent to the situation in grocery supply
chains, where the data is available electronically directly from the retailer and can
be used by all supply chain members to help in their stock-holding and ordering
policies. However, each echelon still has to deliver, wherever possible, the goods
ordered by its immediate customer. In the VMI scenario, the distributor in the two-