Wyoming County Paved Roads
Management and Monitoring
Khaled Ksaibati, Ph.D., P.E.
STIC
June, 2014
Why monitor paved county
roads?
• Wyoming counties face significant risk if
heavy truck traffic increases on many paved
county roads.
What if they
fall apart?
• No inexpensive
options. You can’t
blade this.
Why are we in this situation?
• Many roads were paved in the 1950’s, ‘60’s and ‘70’s.
– Designed for lighter loads, if they were designed at all.
– Asphalt was better, aggregate was cheaper.
• The asphalt has aged. It is
brittle. It cracks easily if
heavy loads are applied,
specially if the base is soft
due to water. Water enters
through cracks, softening the
base so potholes form and
the road falls apart.
Magnitude of Risk
Paved County Roads Recommended Improvement Costs
Total Cattle Guard Replacement Costs
Unpaved County Roads Recommended Treatment Costs
Platte
Laramie
Goshen
Converse
$0
$50,000,000
$100,000,000
Why do paved roads present a much
greater risk than unpaved roads?
• Typically 20% or less of a county’s road mileage.
• Unpaved roads can be restored with new gravel
for about $50,000 per mile.
• Paved road restoration costs far more. Even
returning to a gravel road could be several
hundred thousand dollars per mile.
• The annual cost of additional truck traffic on
unpaved roads will rarely be over $30,000 per
mile, but the one-time cost to restore a destroyed
paved road could easily be over $500,000 per
mile.
Part of the Problem
11½’
11½’
Overlaid Pavement Structure
C
L
12’
12’
Original Pavement Structure
Narrow tops are…
• More dangerous.
• More prone to edge
breakup.
Objectives
• Document current conditions.
– Enable counties to determine impacts of industrial or
other activities using paved county roads.
– Compare to state highways
• Project future conditions.
• Establish maintenance,
repair, rehabilitation and
reconstruction strategies.
Pavement Monitoring Benefits
1) Current conditions identified, allowing
appropriate decision to be made.
2) Impacts from oil and gas drilling and other
industries assessed and evaluated.
3) Other counties’ treatment methods can be
quantitatively evaluated and implemented.
4) WYDOT pavement management system data
and decision processes can be applied to
county road networks.
Pavement Monitoring Benefits
5) Appropriate treatment strategies developed
for individual roads at various traffic levels.
6) Future maintenance and rehabilitation needs
projected.
7) No need for counties with limited resources to
develop their own monitoring or analysis
methods.
8) Provide the state legislature with defensible
data justifying funding for paved county
roads.
Converse
County PSI
PSI > 3.5: Excellent
3.5 > PSI > 3.0: Good
3.0 > PSI > 2.5: Fair
2.5 > PSI: Poor
Paved County
Road Conditions
from PSI
County
State Secondary
14.14
3%
65.80
11%
55.50
9%
670.79
28%
47.33
8%
PSI Mileages by
Road Class
412.02
69%
State Primary
545.06
23%
667.14
28%
515.78
21%
Interstate
97.0
5%
465.2
15%
234.7
13%
1047.9
33%
821.0
26%
829.6
26%
1056.8
58%
447.5
24%
Laramie County
24-26 ft.
0%
>28 ft.
14%
26-28 ft.
4%
≤ 22 ft.
18%
24-26 ft.
25%
Paved
County
Road
Widths
26-28 ft.
0%
>28 ft.
2%
>28 ft.
2%
22-24 ft
34%
≤ 22 ft.
64%
22-24 ft
39%
Goshen County
26-28 ft.
0%
24-26 ft.
10%
Platte County
Converse County
26-28 ft.
5%
>28 ft.
2%
≤ 22 ft.
8%
≤ 22 ft.
20%
24-26 ft.
27%
22-24 ft
68%
22-24 ft
58%
Proposed Monitoring Options
• Pavement Thicknesses
– Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
• Pathway Services® van
– Hired annually by WYDOT
– Direct measurements
• Roughness
• Rutting
– Video logs
• May be evaluated in the office to generate a pavement
condition index (PCI).
• Provide a log of pavement surface and roadside conditions.
Video Logs
Data Compilation and Analytical Options
•
•
•
•
None
Pavement Condition/Cracking Index (PCI)
Data Summary
Data Analysis
Pavement Condition Index
• From Pathway video logs
–Numerical index from 0 to 100 quantifying the
condition of a roadway based on surface distresses.
• Extracted from 1000’ sample sites per mile of paved roadway.
–Manually measured and interpreted through road
surface videos collected by Pathway van at highway
speeds.
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
• Assessment of asphalt and base thicknesses.
– Essential for design and for durability analyses.
• Conducted by a specialized van at highway
speeds.
Options Presented to WACERS
Options
IA IB IIA IIB IIIA IIIB IV
Inventory & Segmentation √
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IRI - Roughness for individual segments √
√
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√
√
RUT - Rutting for individual segments √
√
√
√
√
√
√
Video log without processing √
√
√
√
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√
√
√
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PCI - Pavement Condition Index
GPR - Pavement thickness
Raw data on website √
Data Summary
Data Analysis and Report
√
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Inventory and Segmentation
Pathway Services® Van
GPR Provider (TBD)
Roughness
Asphalt Surface Thicknesses
Rutting
Base Thicknesses
Video Logs
Storage on Website
Pavement Condition
Index (PCI)
Data Summaries
Data Analysis and Reports
Remaining Service Lives
Tables
Treatment Recommendations
Maps
Comparisons to State Highways
Option Developed by WACERS
Options
IA IB IIA IIB IIIA IIIB IV
Inventory & Segmentation √
√
√
√
√
√
√
IRI - Roughness for individual segments √
√
√
√
√
√
√
RUT - Rutting for individual segments √
√
√
√
√
√
√
Video log without processing √
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
PCI - Pavement Condition Index
GPR - Pavement thickness
Raw data on website √
Data Summary
Data Analysis and Report
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
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√
V
√
√
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√
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√
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Inventory and Segmentation
Pathway Services® Van
GPR Provider (TBD)
Roughness
Asphalt Surface Thicknesses
Rutting
Base Thicknesses
Video Logs
Storage on Website
Pavement Condition
Index (PCI)
Data Summaries
Data Analysis and Reports
Remaining Service Lives
Tables
Treatment Recommendations
Maps
Comparisons to State Highways
WACERS’ Recommendation
• Collect all data.
–
–
–
–
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
Roughness
Rutting
Video logs
• Pavement Condition Index (PCI)
• Data Collection Frequency
– Every 2 years
• No analysis.
– Many analytical options remain open once
the data is collected and stored.
Data Collection Frequency
• First Year: Monitor all paved county roads.
• Subsequent Years: Monitor half the state
each year.
W – 1,270 miles; E – 1,241 miles SW – 1,278 miles; NE – 1,233 miles
Work to be Performed
• Wyoming T2/LTAP
– Inventory and Segmentation
– Pavement Condition Index (PCI) processing
– Host website containing raw data
• Pathway Services®
– Roughness
– Rutting
– Video Logs
• Commercial GPR Tester (TBD)
– Asphalt and Base Thicknesses
Budget Summary
WY T2/LTAP Center costs
Pathway costs
GPR costs
TOTAL COSTS
First Year
Second and
Subsequent
Years
$ 70,584
$ 120,000
$ 125,000
$
$
$
65,657
60,000
-
$ 315,584 $ 125,657
Cost Allocation
• WYDOT will cover $215,584 in
the first year.
• $100,000 is requested from the
STIC in the first year.
• Counties have agreed to cover
the running cost for subsequent
years.
Second and Subsequent Years Costs
County
Albany
Big Horn
Campbell
Carbon
Converse
Crook
Fremont
Goshen
Hot Springs
Johnson
Laramie
Lincoln
Paved
Mileage
40.3
112.3
187.7
68.7
102.4
52.6
230.3
127.6
82.7
106.9
221.8
184.6
Total
County
Costs
$2,016
$5,617
$9,390
$3,435
$5,123
$2,633
$11,522
$6,384
$4,137
$5,350
$11,100
$9,238
County
Natrona
Niobrara
Park
Platte
Sheridan
Sublette
Sweetwater
Teton
Uinta
Washakie
Weston
TOTAL
Paved
Mileage
142.6
3.3
271.1
157.3
25.6
82.1
153.8
65.7
43.0
44.4
4.7
2,511.4
Total
County
Costs
$7,134
$165
$13,563
$7,872
$1,282
$4,105
$7,697
$3,288
$2,153
$2,219
$234
$125,657
Funding
• 39-17-111. Distribution.
(ii) Fourteen percent (14%) shall be credited by the state
treasurer to the counties' road construction account in the
highway fund for distribution by the department to the county
treasurers of the various counties for their road construction
funds, except that an amount equal to the contribution required
of the counties for the cost of the university's technology
transfer program under W.S. 21-17-115(a)(ii) or thirty-one
thousand two hundred fifty dollars ($31,250.00), whichever is
less shall be first distributed to the highway fund, and an
amount not to exceed one hundred and fifty thousand
($150,000.00) per year to the highway fund for the university’s
county road inventory program. The actual contribution will be
based upon actual cost for the counties approving their roads to
be inventoried. The actual cost shall be shared based upon the
prior year’s county road paved road inventory against the total
paved road inventory for those counties choosing to participate
in the county road inventory program provided by the university.
Wyoming County Paved Roads
Management and Monitoring
Questions? Comments?
Khaled Ksaibati, Ph.D., P.E.
STIC
June, 2014