Topic: Ecology
Aim: Describe what ecosystems consist of.
Do Now:
1. Take out your Ecology Reading notes
2. Natural Selection ISA
HW: Evolution and Plants Castle Learning –
BOTH due on Tuesday
Bring in your textbook!
1. Identify the common
ancestor.
Ground finch
2. Identify the part of Natural
Selection represented in
the diagram. Support
your answer.
Speciation. One species
evolved into many
species.
3. Does this diagram
represent gradualism or
punctuated equilibrium?
Support your answer.
Gradualism – slow change
over time.
Why is there a branching
pattern in the circled
region labeled X?
1. Changes in the
environment caused some
species to become extinct.
2. Different species evolved
because of inbreeding
3. There were no new
species evolving at this
time.
4. Changes in the
environment caused some
different species to
develop.
1. Identify the process occurring in this
test tube.
photosynthesis
2. What do the bubbles of gas represent?
oxygen
3. What gas is being used by the elodea?
carbon dioxide
4. Identify the source of energy for this
process.
sunlight
5. In which part of the plant will
photosynthesis occur?
leaves
6. Why are all organisms dependent on
plants?
They produce the glucose needed
for respiration.
a. Ecology
• Branch of
biology that
deals with the
interactions
between
organisms and
their surrounding
environment
b. Ecosystem
• Consists of all BIOTIC and ABIOTIC factors in
the environment
c. Abiotic Factors
• NONLIVING factors in the environment
d. Biotic Factors
• All LIVING organisms in the
environment
2. Identify two examples of ABIOTIC
factors.
• Temperature, different chemicals,
rocks, fallen logs, H2O, sand
3. Identify two examples of BIOTIC
factor.
• Plants or animals living in
ecosystem
4. Identify the term that describes many
organisms from ONE SPECIES living in
the same area.
• Population
5. Identify the term that describes
DOFFERENT SPECIES living in the
same area.
• Community
6. Identify the organisms that can
produce their own food.
• Producers
• Autotrophs
• Photosynthesis
A
B
C
7. Identify the term that must eat
because they cannot make their own
food.
• Consumers
• Heterotrophs
8. Identify consumers that only eat
producers.
• Herbivores
9. Identify consumers that only eat
other animals.
• Carnivores
10. Identify carnivores that hunt for
their prey.
• Predators
11. Identify carnivores that eat dead
organisms they find.
• Scavengers
12. Identify consumers that eat both
producers and consumers.
• Omnivores
13. Identify consumers that break down
dead organisms and return some of those
nutrients back to the soil.
• Decomposers
14. Identify two examples of
decomposers.
• Bacteria
• Fungi
15. Describe a habitat.
• The place where an organism lives
16. Describe a niche.
• The role of a species in its environment
Paramecium caudatum
Species grown
together
Paramecium aurelia
16. Describe a niche.
• The role of a species in its environment
• Competition  when 2 species share the
same niche
17. Identify two examples of niches.
•
•
•
•
How a species obtains food
How it finds a mate
How it cares for its young
How it avoids danger
Cowrie snails live in coral
reefs and sponges to
hide. They only go out to
find food at night, when it's
dark. They are often eaten
by each other and other
sea snails. As Live
Aquari
a states, "While
small, it will eat some
algae and scavenge for
scraps, but as an adult, it
will eat some anemones,
sponges, and soft corals."
In the diagram, many
bird species live on
the same tree.
1. Are they sharing
the same habitat?
YES
2. Are they sharing
the same niche.
Support your answer.
No. They are
coexisting so there
is no competition.
Let’s summarize by identifying what is being
described.
1. One species living in the same area. Population
2. The role an organism plays in its habitat. Niche
3. Only eat producers. Herbivores
4. Break down dead organisms. Decomposers
5. Hunt for their food. Predators
Omnivores
6. Organisms that consume both plants and animals.
7. Consists of biotic and abiotic factors. Ecosystem
8. Where an organism lives. Habitat
9. Produce their own food. Producers
10. Many species living in the same area. Community
11. Feed off of organisms that have already been killed.
Scavengers
1. Identify some biotic factors in the diagram.
Deer, trees, frog, duck, plants
2. Identify some biotic factors in the diagram.
Water, oxygen, soil
3. Identify what this diagram represents? Support your
answer.
An ecosystem because it contains biotic and abiotic
factors.
In a natural community, all the living
things that directly or indirectly affect
the environment are known as
(1.) pioneer organisms
(2.) secondary consumers
(3.) climatic limitations
(4.) biotic factors
Which group can best be described as
a population?
(1.) all the honeybees in an orchard
(2.) all the plants and animals in a
forest
(3.) the life in Earth's atmosphere
(4.) the living and nonliving factors in a
meadow
A certain plant requires moisture, O2,
CO2, light, and minerals in order to
survive. This statement shows that a
living organism depends on
(1.) abiotic factors
(2.) biotic factors
(3.) carnivore-herbivore relationships
(4.) symbiotic relationships
1. The substance in green plants that captures
Chlorophyll
the sun’s energy is _____.
2. The process in which light energy is converted
photosynthesis
into chemical energy is known as ____.
3. A process in which glucose is broken down to
Cellular respiration
release energy is called ___.
4. The plant structure that absorbs water and
roots
minerals from the soil are _____.
5. The tissue found in stems and leaves that
transport materials throughout the plant is called
vascular tissue.
_______
1.
CO2 and
The raw materials of photosynthesis are _____.
and H2O
2. The vascular tissue that transports water up from the
xylem
roots to the leaves is _____.
autotrophs
3. Plants that use photosynthesis are ______.
4. The source of energy for photosynthesis is _____.
sunlight
5. The vascular tissue that transport food throughout the
phloem
plant is called _______.
6. The “chemical energy” produced during
glucose
photosynthesis is _______.
oxygen
7. The waste gas released by plants is ____.
8. In a plant, photosynthesis occurs in _____.
leaves
9. The wavelengths of light that are most effective for
red and blue
photosynthesis are _________________.
1. Which letter
represents a common
ancestor for species C
and E?
K
2. Which species are
least likely to be vital
parts of a present-day
ecosystem?
E and J
3. Identify the species
that have not become
extinct.
A, B, C and D
4. Does this diagram
represent gradualism or
punctuated equilibrium?
Gradualism
5. Identify a possible
reason why species J
became extinct.
•It lacked variation and
their was a large
environmental change
that it could not adapt to.