Biology on Cell
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Structure of matter
Element: a substance that can’t be
broken down into simpler chemical
substances
Atom: the smallest particle of an
element that has the characteristics
of that element.
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Nucleus
The center of the atom , made up of
p+ and n
Protons
• Positively charged particles (p+)
Neutrons
Particles that have no charge (n)
Electrons
Form a cloud around the nucleus,
negatively charged particles (e-)
Chemistry of Life
Major chemical elements in cells
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
phosphorus
Sulfur
Trace elements
Trace elements
Elements that are present in living
things in very small amounts.
Properties of water
Cohesion: The intermolecular
attraction that holds molecules
and masses together
Adhesion: The physical
attraction or joining of two
substances, especially the
macroscopically observable
attraction of dissimilar
substances.
Properties of water cont.
Heat capacity: water is like an
insulator that helps maintain a
steady environment when conditions
fluctuate.
Solvent properties: water is polar,
which allows water to dissolve many
compounds like salt.
Water properties cont.
Water expands
when it freezes
Helps form soilwater gets in
cracks freezes and
breaks the rocks.
Ice is less dense
than water.
How would these properties help
contribute to the maintenance of
cells and living organisms?
Enzymes
Find the definition in your book.
What role would enzymes take in cell
chemistry?