Writing in APA style
You can chose between three articles:
 Ttheoretical articles
 Reports of empirical studies.
 Review articles.

Theoretical Article






Examine the current research on certain topic
Trace the development of the of a theory to
reach the latest thinking or conclusions over
certain topics. The theoretical article usually
achieves the following aims:
1. Identify a problem with a historical
implications.
2. Trace the development and history of the
evolution.
3. Provide systematic analysis of the articles that
tackles the problems.
4. Arrive at judgment and discussion of a
prevailing theory.
Reports of an empirical Study
When you conduct field research , you need
to report the details, results of the research.
 1. Introduce the problem investigated.
 2. Describe the method used to conduct the
research.
 3. Report the results.
 4. Discuss , interpret the findings and explores
the implication.

Review an article
A review of article sets out to achieve: 
 1. Define a problem that is the subject of
discussion.
 2. Summarize the article.
 3. Analyze the literature to find out the
strengths , weakness in research.
 4. Recommend additional research
Formatting an APA Paper
Theoretical paper:
 a. Introduction:

- establish the problem under
investigation.

- Discuss its significance to the scientific
community.
 Quote the experts who commented on the
issue.
 Provide a thesis sentence that gives initial
perspective on the issue.

Theoretical Paper
The body of theoretical paper
1. Trace the various issues.
a. Framing questions as atopic sentence
gives the opportunity to develop a thorough
answer.(see p.205)
b. Define your key terminology
c. Explain the process
2. - Establish a past to present perspective.
3 - Compare and analyze the various aspects
of the theories.
4 - Cite extensively from the literature.
Theoretical paper
Conclusion should have:
1. Thesis: a. reaffirm your thesis .
b. defend the theory as it grows from
the evidence in the body.
2. Discuss: discuss the implications of your
findings.
3. Directive: Suggest additional work that might
be launched in this area or offer a plan that
will put into effect your ideas.
4. Ending: use the final paragraph especially the
final sentence to end your article.You may use
Effective quotations.
Report of empirical Research
The Introduction:
 A. Establish the problem to be examined.
 B. Provide background knowledge. (review
of literature)
 C. Give the purpose and the rationale of
the study.

Report of empirical Research
The body:
 1- Methods: Provide a method section for
explaining the design of the study with
respect to the subjects, apparatus and
procedures.
 2.Results: Offer result section for listing
details of findings.


Report of empirical Research
The Conclusion:
 Discussion:
 A. discuss the implications of the findings
and make judgments as appropriate.
B. Identify the limitations of your study.

Review Article
Introduction:
 Identify the problem of the subject.
 Summarize the article.
 The body:
 A. Systematic analysis of the article
(findings , significance).
 The conclusion:
 Discuss the implications of the findings
and make judgments as appropriate

Writing an Abstract




1. Accurate: reflecting purpose and the
content of the paper.
2.self –contained: a. explain the precise
problem b. describe both methods and the
findings. C. gives an overview of your
conclusion.
3. Nonevalutive: don’t appraise or asses the
value of work.
4. Coherent and readable: uses active
present tense to describe results ( the
findings confirm) but the past to describe
testing procedures
Abstract of theoretical papers
The topic in one sentence
 The purpose , the thesis, and scope of
paper.
 A brief reference to the sources used
(published articles, books, personal
information).

Abstract of empirical study

The problem and hypothesis in one
sentence.

A description of the subjects.

A method of study including the
procedures and apparatus.
Revising , proof reading and
formatting the rough draft.
Global revision:
 1. Skim the paper to check its unity. Does
maintain a central proposition from one
paragraph to another.
 2. Transplant paragraphs , moving them to
more effective positions.
 3. A you cut, paste remember to blend words
into your text.
 4. revise the outline to reflect the global
revision.

Add your comments to paragraphs that
depend heavily on the source of materials.
 Examine the transitions used to move
from one paragraph to another.
 -Combine short paragraphs together to
form one great substance.
