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DISCLAIMER: The International Manganese Institute believes that the information presented is technically
and scientifically correct. However, IMnI does not represent or warrant the accuracy of the information
contained in this document or its suitability for any general or specific use. The material contained herein is
by necessity general in nature; it should not be used or relied upon for any specific or general application
without first obtaining competent advice. IMnI, its members, staff and consultants specifically disclaim any
and all liability or responsibility of any kind for loss, damage, or injury resulting from the use of the
information contained in this publication.
MATERIAL SAFETY INFORMATION: PYROLUSITE ORE; NATURAL MANGANESE
DIOXIDE ORE
SECTION 1: IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE AND OF THE
COMPANY/UNDERTAKING
1.1 Substance/Mixture Identification:
Substance name: Pyrolusite ore
Other names: MnO2 Ore, MnO2 mineral
REACH Registration number: [If applicable]
1.2 Use of the Substance/Mixture:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals including alloys–PC7: Base metals and
alloys
Add or delete the above to suit your company’s needs
1.2.2 Use advised against: No known uses advised against
1.3 Company/Undertaking identification/contact person’s: Complete as required
1.4 Emergency Telephone: Complete as required
SECTION 2: HAZARD IDENTITIFCATION
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture:
This material is classified as eye Irritation Cat 2B Under the United Nations
Globally Harmonised System of classification and labelling [UN GHS]
Classified as an Eye irritant Category 2 according to Regulation (EC) No.
1272/2008 EU Classification Labelling and Packaging [CLP]
No classification for transport under the IMSBC code
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2.2 Labelling/Pictograms:
Classification scheme
EU Classification labelling &
packaging Regulation
Eye Irritation Category 2
Classification category
Symbol
UN GHS
Eye Irritation cat 2B
No symbol
Signal word
Hazard statement
Precautionary statement
Prevention
Precautionary statement Response
Warning
Causes serious eye irritation
P264, P280
Warning
Causes eye irritation
P264, P280
P305+ P351+P338, P337+P313
P305+ P351+P338, P337+P313
2.3 Other Hazards:
It is advisable to avoid generating dust as all fine particles have the
potential to explode. Include other hazards if known
SECTION 3:
COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
3.1 Substance(s) [Amend as appropriate]
A naturally occurring UVCB - Unknown or Variable Composition, complex reaction products or
Biological - substance with the following composition:
Chemical
composition
Manganese oxide
EC No.
CAS number
Nominal % w/w
215-695-8
1344-43-0
Aluminium oxide
215-691-6
1344-28-1
Silicon dioxide
231-545-4
7631-86-9
Iron oxide
215-168-2
1309-37-1
Potassium oxide
235-227-6
12136-45-7
Barium oxide
215-127-9
1304-28-5
Titanium dioxide
236-675-5
13463-67-7
Phosphorous
pentaoxide
Magnesium oxide
215-236-1
1314-56-3
215-171-9
1309-48-4
>50% ( Amend as
appropriate)
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
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Several other
metallic oxides
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None of which is present
at >0.1%w/w
Mineral composition
component status
Pyrolusite
Major
Crytomelane
Major
Nsutite
Minor
Todorokite
Minor
Hollandite
Minor
Other trace minerals
Trace
SECTION 4:
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Range in norminal %
w/w
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
Complete as per your
product
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FIRST AID MEASURES
4.1 Description of first aid measures:
4.1.1 General Information
Not anticipated to cause any harm if in contact with clothing, skin or eye.
However, in case of accident or unwellness, seek medical advice
immediately
4.1.2 Following Inhalation: Do not inhale. Wear appropriate mask. Include other
relevant information based on your company’s procedures
4.1.3 Following Skin Contact: Include information based on your company’s
procedures
4.1.4 Following Eye Contact: Eye protection is a must. Include information based
on your company’s procedures
4.1.5 Following Ingestion: Do not ingest. Include other relevant information
based on your company’s procedures
4.1.6 Self protection of the first aider: Include information based on your
company’s procedures
4.2 Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed: Irritating to the eyes,
eye protection is a must
4.3 Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
Include information based on your company’s procedures
SECTION 5: FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES:
5.1 Suitable extinguishing media:
Include information based on your company’s procedures
5.2 Special hazards arising from substance or preparation:
The substance can produce decomposition products – mainly metal
oxide/oxides. Include any other relevant information
5.3
Advice for fire-fighters:
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Include information based on your company’s procedures
SECTION 6: ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES:
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
6.1.1 For non-emergency personnel: Use personal protective equipment, see
section 8
6.1.2 For emergency responders: Remove persons to safety. Isolate hazard area
and deny entry. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. Use personal
protective equipment, see section 8
6.2 Environmental precautions:
The substance is not considered an environmental hazard based on the available
studies. However it is advisable to keep away from drains as large quantities could
clog drains. Include other information based on your company’s procedures
6.3 Methods and material for containment and Cleaning up:
Collect contaminated material and put in appropriate containers for disposal.
Dispose of as special waste in compliance with local and national regulations
6.3.1 For containment: Collect in closed and suitable containers for disposal.
Include other information based on your company’s procedures.
6.3.2 For cleaning up: Clean contaminated objects and areas thoroughly
observing environmental regulations
6.3.3 Other information: None
6.4 Reference to other sections: Personal protective equipment: see section
Section 7:
HANDLING AND STORAGE:
7.1 Precautions for safe handling:
7.1.1 Protective measures: Use only in well ventilated areas. Avoid generating
dust as dust can easily enter the eyes. Wear personal protective clothing
(see Section 8). Include other information based on your company’s
procedures.
7.1.2 Measures to prevent fire: This substance is not flammable; however, avoid
generating dust as very fine dust can lead to combustion. Include other
information based on your company’s procedures.
7.1.3 Measures to prevent aerosol and dust generation: Include information
based on your company’s procedures
7.1.4 Measures to protect the environment: Shaft and sewers must be protected
from entry of the substance. Include information based on your company’s
procedures
7.1.5 Advice on general occupational hygiene: Work in well-ventilated zones or
use proper respiratory protection. Include other information based on your
company’s procedures
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
7.2.1 Technical measures and storage conditions: Store at room temperature.
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7.2.2 Requirement for storage rooms and vessels: Keep/store only in original
container/packaging. Ensure adequate ventilation for the storage area.
Include other information based on your company’s procedures
7.2.3 Further information on storage conditions: Protect container/packaging
against damage
7.3 Specific end uses(s):
Recommendations: Observe instructions for use
SECTION 8:
EXPOSURE CONTROLS/ PERSONAL PROTECTION:
8.1 Control Parameters:
The EU SCOEL has recently recommended OEL values for Manganese and its
inorganic compounds of 0.2mg/m3 – inhalable and 0.05mg/m3 respirable.
Include other relevant workplace limits
8.2
Environmental exposure controls:
Emissions from ventilation or work place process equipment should be
checked to ensure they comply with the requirements of environmental
protection legislation
Include other information based your company’s procedures
SECTION 9: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES: [the information below is based on
available literature and studies]
9.1 General information
Appearance
Odour
Odour threshold
pH
Boiling point
Melting point (Mpt) / Freezing point
Flash Point
Flammability of solids
Explosive properties
Oxidizing properties
Vapour pressure
Corrosion to metals
Water Solubility
Partition Coefficient
Viscosity
Self Ignition
Black rock
Odourless
Does not apply, as substance is odourless
Not applicable
Melting pt >300°C, hence study not applicable
>723 K (>450°C)
Not required for inorganic substances
Not flammable, Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008,
Method A10
Predicted to be non-explosive
Not oxidizing
Study not conducted as Mpt >300°C
Predicted not to corrode metals due to high
melting point
Predicted Insoluble
Not applicable for inorganic substances
No data available, testing not technically
possible
Not self-igniting
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Dissociation constant
Surface tension
Stability in organic solvents and identity of
relevant degradation groups
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Cannot dissociate due to lack of relevant
functional groups
Substance is predicted not be surface active
Not applicable for inorganic substances
No additional information relevant to the safe
use of the substance
SECTION 10: STABILITY AND REACTIVITY: [Amend information below to conform to your
company information]
10.1 Reactivity: No specific test data related to reactivity available for this substance.
10.2 Chemical stability: The substance is chemically stable under recommended
conditions of storage, use and temperature.
10.3 Possibility of Hazardous reaction: No hazardous reaction when handled and stored
according to provisions
10.4 Conditions to avoid: Include your company’s information
10.5
Incompatible Materials: Include your company’s information
10.6
Hazardous decomposition products: Does not decompose when used for intended
uses. Include your company’s information
SECTION 11: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION: [The information in this section is from
experimental data and other available literature]
11.1
Information on toxicological effects:
Acute toxicity:
Acute oral toxicity: No adverse effect observed (LD50 >2000 mg/kg bw)
Acute dermal toxicity: No study available. No concerns predicted
Acute inhalation toxicity: No adverse effects observed (LD50 >5000 mg/m3)
Skin corrosion/irritation:
Not corrosive and not irritating to the skin based on OECD 431 (In vitro skin
corrosion: Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) Test Method) and OECD
439 (In vitro skin irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) Test
Method) studies.
Serious eye damage/irritation:
Mildly irritating to the eye based on Bovine Corneal opacity and
permeability test method for identifying chemical inducing serious eye
damage and chemicals not requiring classification for eye irritation or
serious eye damage and pH modeling.
Respiratory or skin sensitization:
No studies available. It is predicted not to be a respiratory sensitizer or skin
sensitizer.
Germ cell mutagenicity:
Negative in all test conducted using a MnCl2 – a very soluble salt considered
as a worse-case evaluation:
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Ames test with S. typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537, E coli
WP2 uvrA (Met. act.: with and without) (OECD TG 471, EU method B13
and GLP); No toxicity was observed up a concentration of 5000 ug/plate.
Mammalian cell gene mutation assay with mouse lymphoma L5178Y
cells (met. act.: with and without) (OECD 476 and GLP); Negative for
mouse lymphoma Cytoxicity: Yes, induced toxicity was not at the highest
dose.
In-vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test with human
lymphocytes (Met. act.: with and without) (OECD guideline 473 and
GLP). Negative for lymphocytes. Cytotoxicity: Yes
Carcinogenicity:
There are not specific studies on carcinogenicity for this substance.
However, since all in-vitro genotoxicity test on a more bioavailable
manganese salt were negative and an expert report (Jenkinson, 2009) as
well as a literature review on carcinogenicity for Mn and its inorganic
compounds concluded – no concerns, carcinogenicity in humans is not
expected.
Reproductive toxicity:
Two Generation reprotoxicity study on the male/female rats using MnCL2
via inhalation (OECD guideline 416, GLP): Not toxic to reproduction
Specific target organ toxicity (Single exposure):
Based on available data the classification criteria are not met.
Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure):
Based on available literature, high dust exposure (from some mines – ore
types unspecified/unclear) for long periods of time has led to neurotoxic
effects in some workers. Dust exposure should therefore be kept to a
minimum.
Aspiration hazard:
Data lacking
SECTION 12: ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION:
12.1 Ecotoxicity: No environmental concerns expected from acute or chronic exposure
to the environment as leaching to the environment based on transformation
dissolution study confirmed <0.01% average manganese content release at pH 6 and 8
SECTION 13: DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS: Include your company’s information
13.1 Waste treatment methods: Waste disposal in accordance with local and national
laws covering waste and dangerous waste. Include additional company specific
information
13.1.1 Product/packaging disposal: Waste must be disposed of in line with
local regulations. Waste codes should be assigned by the user, preferably in
discussion with the waste authorities.
13.1.2 Waste treatment-relevant information: Include your company’s
information.
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13.1.3 Sewage disposal-relevant information: Include your company’s
information.
13.1.4 Other disposal recommendations: Handle contaminated packages in
the same way as the substance itself. Include other company specific
information.
SECTION 14: TRANSPORT INFORMATION:
Transport may take place according to national regulations or land transport (ADR/RID), sea
transport (IMDG) or Air transport (ICAO-TI/IATA-DGR).
14.1 UN Number: Include number or use not applicable if this is the case
14.2 UN proper shipping name: Include name or use not applicable if this is the case
14.3 Transport hazard class: Not hazardous
14.4 Packaging group: Include packaging group or use not applicable if this is the case
14.5 Environmental hazard: Not hazardous to the environment
14.6 Special precautions for users: Always transport in close containers, avoid generating
dust [Amend as appropriate]
14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL73/78 and ISBC code: Eye
irritation cat 2B is not covered under the MHB criteria. However, under the ISBC code,
appropriate precautions shall be taken to protect machinery and accommodation spaces
from the dust of the cargo. Bilge wells of the cargo spaces shall be protected from ingress
of the cargo. Due consideration shall be paid to protect equipment from the dust of cargo.
Persons, who may be exposed to the dust of the cargo, shall wear protective clothing,
goggles or other equivalent dust eye-protection and dust filter masks, as necessary.
Amend as appropriate or used not applicable if this is the case
SECTION 15: REGULATORY INFORMATION: [Delete as appropriate and include regulatory
information specific to your country...]
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation for the substance:
UN GHS - UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS):
“According to Chapter 1.5.2 of the UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling
of Chemicals (GHS) safety data sheets (SDS) are only required for substances and mixtures that
meet the harmonized criteria for physical, health or environmental hazards. This substance meets
these criteria; hence a safety data sheet is required.
EU REACH – Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals:
REACH annex V, exempts the registration of naturally occurring, unmodified substances such as
mineral ores.
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SECTION 16: OTHER INFORMATION:
16.1
Sources of key data:
1. Assem, F. L., et al, (2011); The Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of inorganic manganese compounds: A
synthesis of the evidence, Journal of toxicology and environment, part B
2. Brouwers T (2014) : Rhrodochrosite ore: 24 hour Transformation/Dissolution screening study in a standard
aqueous medium at pH 6 and 8. Test Laboratory: ECTX Ecotoxicology and biodegradation, Belgium. Owner
Company: International Manganese Institute, 17 Rue Duphot, 75001 Paris, France.
3. Flanders L (2009). MnCl2 (Eramet): L5178Y TK +/- Mouse Lymphoma Assay. Testing laboratory: Harlan
Laboratories Ltd, Shardlow Business Park, Shardlow, Derbyshire, DE72 2GD, UK. Report no.: 2702-0037.
Owner Company: International Manganese Institute, 17 Rue Duphot, 75001 Paris, FRANCE. Report date:
2009-11-17.
4. Griffiths DR (2013). Pyrolusite ore: Acute Inhalation Toxicity (Nose Only) Study in the Rat. Testing laboratory:
Harlan Laboratories Ltd, Shardlow Business Park, Shardlow, Derbyshire, DE72 2GD, UK. Company:
International Manganese Institute, 17 Rue Duphot, 75001 Paris, FRANCE.
5. Morris A & Durward R (2009). MnCl2 (Eramet): Chromosome Aberration Test in Human Lymphocytes In Vitro.
Testing laboratory: Harlan Laboratories Ltd, Shardlow Business Park, Shardlow, Derbyshire, DE72 2GD, UK.
Report no.: 2702-0036. Owner Company: International Manganese Institute, 17 Rue Duphot, 75001 Paris,
FRANCE. Report date: 2009-11-23.
6. Pooles A (2013). Pyrolusite Ore: Acute Oral Toxicity in the Rat - Fixed Dose Method. Testing laboratory: Harlan
Laboratories Ltd, Shardlow Business Park, Shardlow, Derbyshire, DE72 2GD, UK. Owner Company:
International Manganese Institute, 17 Rue Duphot, 75001 Paris, FRANCE.
7. Scobie H (2014). Unmodified Pyrolusite ore: In vitro skin corrosion (OECD 431), In vitro skin irritation (OECD
439) and in vitro severe eye damage/irritation (OECD 437). Toxicology consultants – TOXICOS Report
8. SCOEL/SUM/127., (2011); EC recommendation from the scientific committee on occupational exposure limits
for manganese and inorganic manganese compounds
9. Streicker MA (2009). In Vivo Micronucleus Assay of Manganese According to OECD 474 guideline. Testing
laboratory: Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc. 601 Keystone Park Drive, Suite 100, Durham, NC 27713.
Report no.: C171-001. Owner Company: Manganese Research Health Project (MHRP)
10. Thompson PW & Bowles A (2009). MnCl2 (Eramet): Reverse Mutation Assay "Ames Test" Using Salmonella
Typhimurium and Escherichia Coli. Testing laboratory: Harlan Laboratories Ltd, Shardlow Business Park,
Shardlow, Derbyshire, DE72 2GD, UK. Report no.: 2702-0035. Owner Company: International Manganese
Institute, 17 Rue Duphot, 75001 Paris, FRANCE. Report date: 2009-09-2
11. Tremain SP (2014). Pyrolusite ore: Hazadous physicho-chemical properties. Testing laboratory: Harlan
Laboratories Ltd, Shardlow Business Park, Shardlow, Derbyshire, DE72 2GD, UK. Report no.: 2702-0061.
Owner Company: International Manganese Institute, 17 Rue Duphot, 75001 Paris, FRANCE.
Date: Sept 2015
Author: Dr Doreen McGough (Contact: OHES@manganese.org)
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