Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: H0042/Teori Rangkaian Listrik
: 2005
: <<versi/01
Pertemuan 2
Voltage and Current Laws
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Menjelaskan elemen sumber daya dan
tahanan dalam rangkaian listrik dc
• Menghubungkan elemen sumber daya
dan tahanan dalam rangkaian listrik dc
2
Outline Materi
•
•
•
•
•
Materi 1: Kirchoff Current law
Materi 2 : Kirchoff voltage law
Materi 3 : Hubungan beban serial
Materi 4 : hubungan beban paralel
Materi 5 : hubungan sumber
3
Chapter 3
Voltage and Current Laws
Fig. 3.1
“A circuit containing three nodes and five branches …”
Fig. 3.2
Example node to illustrate the application of KCL.
Fig. 3.19
“Addition of multiple voltage or current sources.”
Fig. 3.20
Examples of circuits with multiple sources, ...
Fig. 3.22
(a) Series combination of N resistors.
Fig. 3.25
(a) A circuit with N resistors in parallel.
Fig. 3.30
An illustration of voltage division.
Fig. 3.32
Circuit for Practice Problem 3.12.
Fig. 3.33
An illustration of current division.
Fig. 3.100 “Determine the current Ix if I1 = 100 mA.”
Engineering Circuit Analysis Sixth Edition
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin
Copyright © 2002 McGraw-Hill, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4
(a) A circuit containing three
nodes and five branches.
(b) Node 1 is redrawn to look like
two nodes; it is still one node.
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
5
Fig. 3.2 Example node to illustrate the applicaton of
Kirchhoff’s current law
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
6
Fig. 3.19 “Addition of multiple voltage or current sources.”
(a) Series connected voltage sources can be replaced by a
single source. (b) Parallel current sources can be replaced
by a single source.
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
7
Fig. 3.20 Examples of circuits with multiple sources, some
of which violate Kirchhoff’s laws.
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
8
(a) Series combination of N resistors. (b) Electrically equivalent circuit.
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
9
Beginning with a simple KCL equation,
or
Thus,
A special case worth remembering is
(a) A circuit with N resistors in
parallel. (b) Equivalent circuit.
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
10
We may find v2 by applying KVL
and Ohm’s law:
so
Thus,
An illustration of
voltage division.
or
For a string of N series resistors, we
may write:
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
11
Use voltage division
to determine vx in the
adjacent circuit.
Fig. 3.12 Circuit from Practice Problem 3.12.
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
12
The current flowing through R2 is
or
An illustration of
current division.
For a parallel combination
of N resistors, the current
through Rk is
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
13
Determine the current
Ix if I1 = 100 mA.
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
14
RESUME
• Nilai tegangan pada beban paralel adalah
sama.
• Nilai arus pada beban serial adalah sama.
• Hukum kirchoff dapat dipergunakan untuk
analisa tegangan berdasarkan Kirchoff
voltage law.
• Hukum kirchoff dapat dipergunakan untuk
analisa arusberdasarkan Kirchoff current
law.
15