Matakuliah : M0304/Corporate Information System Management
Tahun
: 2008
Pertemuan – 16a
METODOLOGI
PEMBELIAN PAKET
SOFTWARE
Fakultas Ilmu Komputer
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THE MAKE-OR-BUY DECISION
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Decision should be made jointly by business managers and IS professionals
Advantages of purchasing:
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Cost savings
Faster speed of implementation
Disadvantages of purchasing:
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Seldom exactly fits a company’s needs
Often forces trade-offs
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PURCHASING METHODOLOGY
The Purchasing Steps
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Figure 16.1 The Purchasing Process
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PURCHASING METHODOLOGY
Initiating the Purchasing Process
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Figure 16.2 Comparison of Costs and
Building vs. Purchasing a System
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PURCHASING METHODOLOGY
Establish Criteria for Selection
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Figure 16.3 Key Criteria for
Software Package Selection
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PURCHASING METHODOLOGY
Develop and Distribute the RFP
Request for proposal (RFP) – a formal document sent to
potential vendors inviting them to submit a proposal
describing their software package and how it would meet
the company’s needs
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Develop and Distribute the RFP
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Figure 16.4 Sample RFP Table of Contents
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PURCHASING METHODOLOGY
Evaluate Vendor Responses to RFP and Choose Package
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Evaluation steps:
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Review vendors’ responses from RFPs
Request demonstrations of leading packages
Request references from users of software packages in other companies
Assess how well package capabilities satisfy company’s needs
Understand extent of any additional development efforts or costs to tailor
software
Make decision
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PURCHASING METHODOLOGY
Evaluate Vendor Responses to RFP and Choose Package
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Figure 16.6 Matching Company Needs
with Capabilities of the Package
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PURCHASING METHODOLOGY
Construction Phase
If no software package modifications required:
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Skip system design and building steps
Move directly to system testing
Develop any necessary process changes
If software package is modified:
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Consider contracting with vendor or a third party for changes versus modifying inhouse
Determine if changes are required to other existing company systems
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PURCHASING METHODOLOGY
Project Team for Purchasing Packages
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Business managers and users
IS professionals
Project manager – usually a business manager
Software vendor personnel
Sometimes includes a third-party implementation partner
Purchasing specialists
Attorneys
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PURCHASING METHODOLOGY
Purchasing Advantages and Disadvantages
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Figure 16.7 Advantages and Disadvantages
of Purchasing Packaged Software
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SPECIAL CASE: ENTERPRISE SYSTEM PACKAGES
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Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
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system packages:
Companies purchase to achieve business benefits and IT platform
benefits
Enables access to integrated data for better decision making
Often require heavy reliance on third-party consultants
Implementation efforts usually complex, and sometimes not
successful
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SPECIAL CASE: ENTERPRISE SYSTEM PACKAGES
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Factors that need to be managed well for ERP implementation to be successful:
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Top management is engaged in the project, not just involved
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Project leaders are veterans, and team members are decision makers
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Third parties fill gaps in expertise and transfer their knowledge
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Change management goes hand-in-hand with project planning
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A satisfying mindset prevails
Brown and Vessey, 2003
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NEW PURCHASING OPTION: APPLICATION SERVICE
PROVIDERS (ASPs)
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New trend beginning 2000s
Purchasing option: purchaser elects to use a “hosted” application rather than to
purchase the software application and host it on its own equipment
ASP is an ongoing service provider
Company pays third party (ASP) for delivering the software functionality over the
Internet to company employees and sometimes business partners
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NEW PURCHASING OPTION: APPLICATION SERVICE
PROVIDERS (ASPs)
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Some advantages:
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Cost savings and faster speed of implementation
Usually involves monthly fees rather than large infrastructure investment
Disadvantages:
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Dependence on an external vendor for both software and ongoing operations
Good assessment of required service levels even more critical
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end
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