Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: G1192/Writing 1
: 2006-2007
:6
Pertemuan 2
Punctuation
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Menggunakan tanda baca dalam kalimat
dengan benar
2
Outline Materi
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The Period (.)
The Comma(,)
The Semicolon(;)
The colon(:)
The exclamation mark(!)
The question mark (?)
The apostrophe (’)
Quotation mark (“…”)
Dashes (-)
Hyphen
(We will not discuss all of the above, but only the ones that
are important for you to know at this stage.)
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The Period
• Is also called a full stop
• Ends a sentence
• Used between letters in abbreviations (i.e.,
a.s.a.p., U.N.H.C.R.)
• Used after titles (Mr. , Mrs., Prof., Dr.)
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Common mistakes
• A period is needed to end a sentence, but
many students often neglect it.
• As a result, the following kinds of
sentences appear:
– My brother is a doctor he lives in Meruya His
wife is also a doctor.
– The sky looks dark in the west, it seems like
raining there.
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• The first sentence has the following ideas:
– My brother is a doctor
– He and his wife live in Meruya
– His wife is also a doctor
• It would be better to combine/separate
them as such:
– My brother and his wife are doctors. They live
in Meruya.
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• The second sentence:
– The sky looks dark in the west, it seems like
raining there.
• The use of comma is wrong here, because
both parts of the sentence are complete
sentences (It is called a run-on sentence).
So it should be separated by a period:
– The sky looks dark in the west. It seems like
raining there.
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The comma
• A comma separated items in a list.
– I bought coffee, tea, sugar and detergent.
– He did his homework, put his clothes in the
washing machine, and went to bed.
• Separate independent and dependent
clauses
– When he came in, he saw a big cat eating his
dinner.
• Set off more information
– Mr. Rufus, my Math teacher, is very strict.
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The Semicolon
1. Use a semicolon to join related
sentences together.
The festival is very popular; people from all
over the world visit each year.
2. Use a semicolon in lists that already
have commas.
The three biggest cities in Canada are
Toronto, Ontario; Montreal, Quebec; and
Vancouver, B.C.
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The Colon
1. Use a colon to introduce a list of
things.
There are three positions in hockey: goalie,
defence, and forward.
2. Use a colon to introduce a long
quotation.
The prime minister said: "We will fight. We
will not give up. We will win the next
election."
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Apostrophe
1. Use an apostrophe to show ownership of
something.
– This is David's computer.
These are the player's things. (things that belong to
the player)
– Note: For nouns in plural form, put the
apostrophe at the end of the noun. These are the
players' things. (things that belong to the players)
2. Use an apostrophe to show letters that have
been left out of a word.
I don't know how to fix it.
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• Common mistakes:
– Thank’s God.
– The dog bit it’s own tail.
The correct sentences:
– Thank God!
– The dog bit its own tail.
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The Quotation mark
• Used to indicate direct speech:
– “Hello. How are you?” Jane asked me.
– “I can come today,” she said, “but not
tomorrow.”
• To set off a term, or a word, a quotation, or
a phrase.
– “metro-sexual males” is the term used for men
who pay a great deal of attention to their
looks.
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Conclusions
• When you write, not only your writing
needs to be interesting but also to be
CORRECT.
• Punctuation is an important part of writing
correctly.
• Mistakes in punctuation or ignoring
punctuation marks can confuse the
readers.
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