Ecology Review
1.
Define the following terms:
Ecology
Abiotic
Biotic
Autotroph
Heterotroph
Niche
Habitat
Community
Population
Ecosystem
Bioamplification
Bioaccumulation
Pest
Pesticide
Leaching
Sustainability
Invasive species
Native species
Producer
Consumer
Primary consumer
Secondary consumer
Carnivore
Herbivore
Omnivore
Decomposer
Top carnivore
Trophic level
Biome
Artificial ecosystem
Natural ecosystem
Watershed
Oligotrophic
Eutrophic
Limiting Factor
Carrying Capacity
2.
What are the four spheres of the Earth?
3.
How is energy from the sun distributed?
4.
What is the word equation for photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Why are these
considered to be complementary processes?
5.
What part of the cell do photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in?
6.
Distinguish between a food chain and a food web.
7.
Why are decomposers important to a food web?
8.
Explain how energy is transferred throughout a food chain. Which trophic level receives the most energy and why? How
much energy is transferred to the next level?
9.
Draw an ecological pyramid with 4 trophic levels. Label each level. Show how much energy is transferred to each level if
there are 500,000 J of energy from the sun.
10. Summarize the main components of the carbon cycle.
11. Summarize the main components of the nitrogen cycle.
12. Explain how humans activities are affecting the 3 cycles.
13. What are the five biotic influences on ecosystems? What is symbiosis? Describe the three types of symbiotic relationships.
14. What are some abiotic factors of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems? Which are the same in both types of ecosystems?
Explain human actions and results of these factors.
15. What are the five Canadian biomes? Rank them in order according to:
a. Amount of precipitation
b. Temperature
c. Length of growing season
d. Biodiversity
16. What are the two types of aquatic ecosystems? Describe the differences between the two types of lakes.
17. Why is biodiversity important to an ecosystem?
18. Species can be classified according to their level of extinction. What are the four categories in which species may be
placed?
19. Occasionally, introduced species may become invasive. What are the three ways of controlling introduced species? What
are the four impacts of invasive species?
20. Why is soil important?
21. What is the difference between natural and synthetic fertilizers? Give pros, con, and examples of each.
22. What problems are arising as a result of using fertilizers?
23. Describe the processes of bioaccumulation and bioamplification. Why are they bad?
24. What is DDT? How did it cause harm to the food chain?
25. What is an ecological footprint? How can humans reduce their footprints?
26. Textbook pg 158 # 1-13, 15, 17-19, 24, 30, 31, 34, 37-43, 45, 47, 52, 57, 59, 60, 64, 67, 68
Pg 164 # 1-4, 10, 18, 20