• I will be able to:
• Define and describe
matter and the three
states of matter.
• Explain what a change in
state is and describe how
matter changes state.
• Pick up handout. Have
hand out.
• Copy Homework
• ES.3 Density RHW Quiz Due 9/18
• Intro Quiz 1: ES.1 Matter – ES.3 Density
• ES.4 States of Matter RHW Quiz Due 9/19
I will be able to define and describe matter and the
three states of matter.
What are the states of Matter?
• Matter
– All matter is made of atoms.
– Atoms in constant motion.
– Particle movement
determines the state of
matter.
• States of Matter.
– Solid
– Liquid
– Gas
I will be able to define and describe matter and the
three states of matter.
What are the states of Matter?
• Solids
– Shape:
• Definite
– Volume:
• Definite
– Atoms:
• Very close together.
• Vibrate in place.
– Any exceptions to this rule?
I will be able to define and describe matter and the
three states of matter.
What are the states of Matter?
• Liquids
– Shape:
• Not definite
– Volume:
• Definite
– Atoms:
• Further apart
• Move, have more kinetic
energy.
I will be able to define and describe matter and the
three states of matter.
What are the states of Matter?
• Gases
– Shape:
• Not definite
– Volume:
• Not Definite
– Atoms:
• Moving very fast.
• Most kinetic energy.
– Move faster when heat
is applied.
– Move slower when
heat is taken away.
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Changes in States
– A change of a
substance from one
physical state to
another.
– Examples:
• Water vapor to
liquid water.
• Liquid water to ice.
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• To Change State
– Energy must be added or
removed.
– This changes the
temperature.
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What happens to matter when a change of state occurs?
• Energy / Motion of Particles.
– Energy of the particles change.
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Melting
– Solid becomes liquid.
– Energy is added
• Particles speed up.
• Temperature rises
– Melting point
• Temperature at which a
substance changes from
a solid to a liquid.
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Boiling
– A rapid change from a
liquid to a gas (vapor)
– Boiling Point
• The temperature at
which this occurs in a
liquid.
– 100°C / 212°F
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Freezing
– Liquid becomes solid.
– Loss of energy.
• Particles slow down
• Temperature cools
– Freezing point
• Temperature at which a
substance changes into a
solid.
• Water = 0°C or 32°F
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Evaporation
– Add heat to a liquid
• Atoms gain energy.
• Move faster
– Evaporation
• Particles can escape from
the surface of a liquid if
enough heat is added.
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Condensation
– The change in state from
a gas to a liquid.
• Particles
– Cool
– Lose energy.
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Sublimation
– Change in state from a solid
directly into a gas. (skips
liquid phase)
•
•
•
•
Add heat
Atoms gain energy
Escape into the air as a gas.
Example: Dry Ice
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Deposition
– Change in state from a
gas directly to a solid.
• Substance cools.
• Atoms lose energy
• No liquid forms in the
process.
• Example:
– Water vapor turns into
ice crystals.
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What happens to matter when a change of state occurs?
• Does Mass Change if the state of matter is
changed?
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What happens to matter when a change of state occurs?
• Mass is Conserved
– The amount of matter
stays the same during a
phase change.
– The mass does not change
when its state changes.
– Each state constrains the
same amount of matter.