Joint ITU-GISFI Workshop on
“Bridging
Bridging the Standardization Gap: Workshop on
Sustainable Rural Communications”
(Bangalore, India, 17-18 December 2012)
LTE Advanced eNB Small Cell System
Design Challenges,
Challenges Network
Topologies and Applications
Dr Venkat Rayapati,
President &CEO,
SAI Technology,
T h l
I
Inc
vrayapati@saitechnology.com
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
SAI Technology, Inc
Presentation Out-line
Key Drivers for the LTE Technology
Technologies and Network Topologies
LTE Advanced Small Cell System
Design
LTE Advanced Technologies
LTE Small Cell System Design Challenges
LTE Research areas
3GPP Standards Technical Gaps
LTE Network Applications
pp
Conclusion and Recommendations
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
SAI Technology, Inc
2
Key Drivers for the LTE Technology
K
f t
d i
f the
th LTE
Key
factors
drive
for
Technology
Broadband subscribers to
reach 3.4 billion by 2014
80% of the users will be
mobile based
Source: Verizon data published
Fixed broadband growth expected
to remain near static
Operators are being
driven by two unique trends
Increase in smart mobile devices
Video Applications & Social Media
Data centric applications
India Mobile data growth rate >15%
4G Networks in North America will increase
data traffic 26 fold from 2010 through 2015
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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3
Technologies and Network Topologies
for 2G, 3G and 4G
BS
BS
2G-2.5G Base
station control
Leased line mobile
Mobile
backbone
BS
BS
Switching
Center
3G 4G R
3G-4G
Radio
di Future all-IP cellular IP/PSTN
Access Node mobile backbone
gateway
PSTN
ISP Network(s)
AP
Switched
Eth
Ethernet
t LAN
IEEE 802.11b,a,g,n
Wireless LAN
12/16/2012
AP
APBluetooth
Personal Area
Network
SAI Technology, Inc
802.16
WiMAX
2-10Mbps
4
LTE Advanced Small Cell Design
ll Cell
ll Design supports two d
Small
design
approaches:
In-door Small Cell (Femto Cells)
Out-door Small Cell (Roof-top Cells)
Major Challenge
Ch ll
is the
h Backhaul
kh l
support for the small cells
Micro-wave Backhaul
OFDM Backhaul Licensed Spectrum versus
Unlicensed
Custom Licensed Spectrum versus Unlicensed
Integrated Small cell with Backhaul is
best option for Rural deployment
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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5
LTE Advanced eNB Small Cell
Scalable
Sca
a e Architecture
c
ec u e
FLASH
32MB
SDRAM 512MB
Dual Core CPU – SW Partition
Data Ethernet Port
Ethernet Port
10/100/1000
Serial
RS232
Data (1)
Ethernet Port
10/100/1000
JTAG I/F
Management
Ethernet Port
h
10/100
(1) Redundancy
Integrated SOC
( Baseband + Dual
Core Processor)
SAI eNB Complete
o p
Software
o
Base
band I/Q Inter
face
Power
Module
SDRAM 512MB
Clock Sync
• IEEE 1588
• GPS
Radio Subsystem
DCXO support for AFC
Integrated DAC/ADC
Multi‐band:
700 Mhz
1900 Mhz
2100 Mhz
2300 MHz
Antennas
MIMO 2x2
SAI Supports own PHY Layer (L1), L2, L3 and Applications for small cell
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LTE Advanced Small Cell Design
ys ca Requirements
equ e e s
Physical
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LTE Small Cell Integrated with
ac au
Backhaul
‰ Integrated Small Cell for Rural Communication is
the cost effective solution
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LTE Small Cell Design and
ep oy e
Scenario
Sce a o
Deployment
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LTE Advanced Technologies
Impact
pact for
o Small
S a Cell
Ce Design
es g
LTE Advanced Technologies:
Carrier Aggregation
Advanced MIMO Support
P iti i
Positioning
and
dT
Tracking
ki
CoMP
Het Nets
LTE Advanced technologies impact
on LTE eNB Small Cell design
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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10
LTE Carrier Aggregation impact
on the
o
e Small
S a Ce
Cell Design
es g
‰ Carrier Aggregation will
significantl enhance DL/UL
significantly
bandwidth
‰ Maximum 100 MHz BW
‰ Non-contiguous
implementation is very
challenging
‰ Small Cell will be able to
support more number of
users with CA
‰ Small Cell over all design
becomes more complex
with CA
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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11
LTE MIMO Adaptive impact
on the
o
e Small
S a Ce
Cell Design
es g
(a) MIMO Adaptive Switching
‰ Selecting the appropriate
MIMO Scheme
‰ Multi-user MIMO offers the
best complexity
performance trade-off
‰ Single Site MIMO, we will
connect with single eNB
with one or multiple UE
devices.
‰ Cooperative MIMO: Cell edge
user throughput is boosted
‰ MIMO will be supported
3 modes
d off operation:
i
-
(b) LTE Advanced MIMO Modes
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
Transmit diversity
- Receive diversity
- Spatial multiplexing boost data rate
OR - Beam forming to increase coverage
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LTE Positioning & Tracking
pac o
on the
eS
Small
a Ce
Cell Design
es g
impact
Satellite 2
RTT Circle
Satellite 3
eNodeB - B
Satellite 1
eNodeB - A
UE
O-TDOA
Hyperbola
Timing Signals
O-TDOA
Hyperbola
Assistance Message
eNodeB - C
UE
(a) A-GNSS working in LTE
eNodeB
(b) OTDOA working in LTE
‰ Stand-alone
Stand alone GNSS,
GNSS A
A-GNSS
GNSS provide excellent accuracy
‰ OTDOA method, the UE estimates the difference in the arrival
times of the PRS(Positioning Reference Signal) signals
p
base stations.
from separate
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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13
LTE Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP)
pac o
on the
eS
Small
a Ce
Cell Design
es g
impact
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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LTE Het Net impact
on the
o
e Small
S a Ce
Cell Design
es g
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15
LTE Advanced Small Cell Design
challenges
c a e ges
Seamless Hand-off & Mobility
management
Soft hand-off process between 3G, 4G and WiFi
Inter-RAT and Intra RAT between legacy and Advanced
LTE eNB
Non-Cellular Radio’s inter-working with LTE for traffic
offload
Service Level QoS and SLA support
Early deployments focused on data only. Ensuring Voice,
Video, and Gamming etc QoS has certain limitations.
SLA Enforcement for the different types of services
Self Configuration, Plug and Play
LTE Small cells required today lot of hand crafting and
tuning for performance
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
SAI Technology, Inc
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LTE Advanced Research Areas
specific
spec c to small
s a cell
ce
Inter Channel Interference Coordination
(ICIC) Methods and Optimization
Backhaul Traffic Congestion
Traffic offload and Load balancing
Managing the small cells, edge coverage
and performance KPI
KPI’s
s
Seamless connectivity between multiple
LTE Devices for applications delivery
Enhanced MIMO, Beam forming and
Adaptive
p
Antenna Technologies
g
Het Net Robust Mobility Management
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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LTE 3GPP Standard Gap’s
Carrier Aggregation for non-contiguous
channel aggregation
gg g
typical
yp
use case
scenarios were not supported by the LTE
standard.
For example: Group a,b,c,d,e has been
classified, but no reference to groups d
and e.
e
Voice Over LTE with ultra low latency and
high quality has not been supported by
the LTE standard
Small Cell load balancing has not
supported by the LTE Standard
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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LTE 3GPP Standard Gap’s
Het Nets Robust operational scenario’s
have not supported by the standard
Backhaul Security issues have not been
adequately addressed by the standard
AMR Group level registration limitations
not addressed by the standard
Interference management control for
small cells, Pico and Micro cells and
isolation mechanisms not supported by
the LTE standard
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
SAI Technology, Inc
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LTE Advanced Network for
d a Rural
u a Co
Communication
u ca o
India
‰ Rural network comprises of WiFi and
LTE combination to reduce cost
‰ CAPX and OPEX has to be optimized
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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LTE Applications for India
u a Co
Communication
u ca o
Rural
‰ Applications: Tele-Medicine,
Tele Medicine Distance Education
Education,
Public Safety, and Disaster Management
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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Conclusions and
Recommendations
eco
e dat o s
LTE Small cell design
g
challenges need to be
addressed
LTE Advanced
Ad
d
Technologies impact
on small cell design
considered
LTE Network topology
for Rural
Communications
LTE Applications
pp
enablement
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
LTE Standard g
gaps
p
specific to small cells:
Small cell traffic load
balancing need to be
implemented
AMR Group level
registration and support
Backhaul traffic
management
Interference Control for
Micro, Pico, and Femto cells
Het Nets Robust Mobility
management support
SAI Technology, Inc
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Thank You
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012
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