Spectrum issues
for IMT-2000
Halina Uryga
Deputy Director Spectrum
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Summary
n Global mobile market and spectrum allocation process
n Spectrum for initial deployment of UMTS/IMT-2000
WARC-92 and WRC-2000 bands
Potential for global harmonisation of IMT-2000 frequency plans below 2.2 GHz
Possible harmonised solution for PCS countries
n Additional spectrum for further development of terrestrial UMTS/IMT-2000
Protection of UMTS/IMT-2000 from BSS at 2.5 GHz under WRC-03 agenda item 1.34
Expected harmonised usage of the 2.5 GHz band
n WRC-03 agenda item 1.22
Vision on Wireless World long term evolution
Particular requirements for low populated areas - frequency range 450-600 MHz for economic
coverage
n Global harmonisation and clarification of regulations
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
I - Global mobile market and
spectrum allocation process
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Comparison of world-wide cellular
subscribers growth and previous projections
1 000 000
ITU historic projections
Subscribers (thousands)
800 000
Cellular subscribers evolution
600 000
400 000
200 000
0
1991
Orange - France Telecom Group
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
World-wide mobile market success
World Mobile Penetration by Region
for 100 hab., (%), 1997-2001
70%
62,8%
Western Europe
60%
50%
44,3% USA/Canada
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1997
0,9%
1998
Orange - France Telecom Group
1999
2,0%
2000
15,8% Latin America
Eastern Europe
Middle East
3,2% Asia Pacific
Africa
2001
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Continuous growth in Africa
Africa: Mobile Customers
1997-2001
mobile customer base (millions)
area
30
25
20
15
26,65
10
16,40
5
1,96
0
1997
Orange - France Telecom Group
7,25
3,58
1998
1999
2000
2001
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Continuous growth in Africa
for coming years
Africa: Mobile Customers
2002-2006 (F: Forecasts)
mobile customer base (millions)
area
160
140
120
100
80
60
133,50
107,99
40
20
60,14
83,05
40,44
0
F2002
Orange - France Telecom Group
F2003
F2004
F2005
F2006
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
World-wide mobile penetration
for next years
World Cellular Penetration Forecasts by Region
for 100 Inhab., (%), 2002-2006 (F: Forecasts)
90%
Western Europe
79,3%
80%
USA/Canada
75,6%
70%
60%
50%
Eastern Europe
42,2%
35,7% Latin America
Middle East
25,1% Asia Pacific
40%
30%
20%
Africa
10%
4,8%
0%
F2002
7,2%
F2003
Orange - France Telecom Group
9,9%
F2004
12,9%
F2005
16,0%
F2006
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Spectrum segmentation in Europe
from 30 MHz to 10 GHz
Defence
systems
19%
Fixed access
13%
PMR
1%
3 000
Broadcasting
4%
Fixed & FSS &
FWA
19%
MHz
2 500
Aeronautical
8%
2 935
2 336
2 325
2 000
1 500 1 034
1 000
509
500
1 675
578
627
272
158
Satellite
Mobile
5%
Orange - France Telecom Group
Ot
he
r
Ra
da
rs
Radars
24%
Land
Mobile
5%
PM
Fix
R
ed
Fix
ac
ed
ce
ss
&F
SS
&F
W
A
La
nd
M
ob
Sa
ile
tel
ite
M
ob
ile
0
Ae
ron
au
tica
Br
l
oa
dc
De
as
ting
fen
ce
sy
ste
m
s
Other
2%
3 500
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Spectrum allocation process
is the result of a long and complex world-wide
level process driven by market and technology
n Specific allocation
1st step : designation by international regulatory bodies of a frequency band,
with involvement of administrations, main manufacturers, main
operators and other spectrum users
2nd step : international agreements on harmonised frequency plans in the
designated bands, technical standards and equipment production
3rd step : effective freeing, country by country, of the designated bands and
allocation to operators e.g. mobile operators
4th step : licences granted to operators to deploy a network using part of the
designated bands to offer a given service
n Spectrum
beings
for terrestrial mobile services is like oxygen for human
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Evolution of spectrum allocations
n According to market needs spectrum allocations have to be
renegotiated timely
n Main criteria
market needs
world-wide harmonisation
clear regulatory status
timely availability
low co-ordination constrains
no interference
spectrum fees at a level that cover spectrum management costs
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
II - IMT-2000 spectrum
for initial deployment
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
IMT-2000 spectrum
n WARC-92 identified the initial bands for IMT-2000 deployment i.e.
1885-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz
n WRC-200 identified three additional bands for terrestrial IMT-2000
i.e. 2500-2690MHz, 806-960MHz and 1710-1885MHz
806 MHz
IMT-2000
960
1710
1885
IMT-2000
Orange - France Telecom Group
2025
M
S
IMT-2000
S
2110
IMT
2200
M
S
S
2500
2690 MHz
IMT-2000
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Spectrum for initial deployment of
UMTS/IMT-2000
1/2
n UMTS/IMT-2000 will first be implemented in WARC-92 bands in a
harmonised manner in most countries world-wide ( Europe, Asia and
some Region 2 countries)
These systems will be complemented by GSM 900 and GSM 1800 allowing
global roaming
TDD
IMT FDD
MS Tx
MSS
IMT FDD
BS Tx
TDD
MSS
ITU identifications
5.384A
1700
1750
1800
5.388
1850
Orange - France Telecom Group
1900
1950
5.388
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200 MHz
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Spectrum for initial deployment of
UMTS/IMT-2000
2/2
n The GSM1800 bands (or parts) could be used for implementation of
UMTS/IMT-2000 in those countries where the WARC-92 bands are
not available i.e. PCS countries
1710
1755 1785 1805
FDD Ms Tx
1850 1880 MHz
FDD BS Tx
This solution could support global harmonisation in the longer-term and
should not impose difficulties to existing and ongoing operation of 2G networks
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Long term transition from 2G to 3G
n It should be noted that the 1710-1885 MHz band is intensively used
by the most recent 2G networks deployed
in 1710-1785/1805-1880 MHz
and also partly in 1850-1910/1930-1990 MHz
n The present and ongoing investments engaged for the pre-IMT-2000
systems are necessary to continue to develop the mobile market
n The smooth transition from pre-IMT-2000 systems to IMT-2000 in this
band will be possible in the longer term and will be facilitated by
having frequency arrangements in line with the existing usage
> maintaining the transmit directions and the duplex distance
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
III - Additional spectrum
for further development
of terrestrial UMTS/IMT-2000
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Spectrum for further development
of UMTS/IMT-2000
The band 2500-2690 MHz is the only additional spectrum
identified for IMT-2000
not yet used by 2G systems in Europe
A timely refarming of this band in Europe is required
since it is currently being used for a wide range of services
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
IMT-2000 and BSS in the 2.5 GHz band
n The band 2500-2690 MHz is identified for IMT-2000 expansion, but
is also partly allocated to Broadcast Satellite Service (BSS) and to
BSS sound in some countries
Non-GSO BSS (sound) allocation is limited to national systems in one Region
1 country and eight Region 3 countries
However
> There is a risk of interference to a much
larger number of countries
> Adequate protection of IMT-2000
terrestrial services without constraint on
their deployment and operation is required
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
UMTS protection at 2.5 GHz from
broadcasting satellite service
n For each publication to ITU for a broadcasting satellite network,
Administrations whishing to operate IMT-2000 in future in the 2,5
GHz band should :
1- Exclude its territory from service area (article S23)
2- Disagree on transmission frequencies of space station and reception
frequencies of earth stations (article S9.21)
3- Notify to ITU characteristics of terrestrial stations allowing IMT-2000
protection when applying procedures S9.11, S9.17 and Resolution 33
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Under WRC-03 agenda item 1.34
to ensure future protection of IMT-2000 terrestrial services
in the band 2500-2690 MHz
clear regulatory
procedures
adequate power limits
Need to be adopted !!!
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Comparison of world-wide cellular subscribers
growth and world-wide MSS subscribers growth
1 000 000
Cellular subscribers evolution
MSS subscribers evolution
Subscribers (thousands)
800 000
600 000
400 000
200 000
0
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
At the end of 2001: total of 423 000 MSS subscribers and more than 1 000 000 000 mobile users
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Entire 2500-2690 MHz band for
terrestrial UMTS/IMT-2000
n 2500-2520/2670-2690 MHz are allocated to both terrestrial and
satellite IMT-2000
n The important increase in number of subscribers and in traffic volumes
of 2nd generation mobile services through the world today
is expected to continue on 3rd generation with the growth of
>
voice services by existing and new customers and with
the higher usage of new non-voice services
n The entire 2500-2690 MHz band will be needed
for terrestrial UMTS to cope with the expected saturation
> in high density populated areas
> in particular in Europe by 2008 for those areas
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Towards efficient and harmonised
usage of the 2.5 GHz band
1/2
n There is an opportunity to design common frequency arrangements
with the potential to be harmonised world-wide since there are
currently no mobile channelling arrangements in the band
> An early definition of
a global frequency arrangement
for terrestrial UMTS/IMT-2000
in the 2500-2690 MHz band
is required,
at the latest in 2004
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Towards efficient and harmonised
usage of the 2.5 GHz band
2/2
n Satellite UMTS services could complement the coverage of Terrestrial
UMTS in remote areas
Ø offering business consumers high data rate broadband services such as
handheld Internet access and videoconferencing
Ø extending the coverage of Terrestrial UMTS for niche market
n S- UMTS will have enough spectrum in the MSS bands already
identified for IMT-2000 below 2.5 GHz
n 2x20 MHz in the band 2500-2520/2670-2690 MHz
should be used only for terrestrial UMTS/IMT-2000
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
IV - WRC-03 agenda item 1.22
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
WRC-03 agenda item 1.22
n "to consider progress of ITU-R studies concerning future
development of IMT-2000 and systems beyond IMT-2000,
in accordance with Resolution 228 (WRC-2000)”
n ITU-R WP 8F develops the recommendation "Vision" addressing the
future development of IMT-2000 and systems beyond
n We believe that both, future development of IMT-2000 and its
evolutions as well as systems beyond IMT-2000 should be
considered together
n Inter-working and backward compatibility are essential
for easy and transparent evolution for users of UMTS/IMT-2000
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Wireless World long term evolution
1/2
n Expected continuous and compatible evolution of UMTS/IMT-2000
networks will progressively introduce enhancements to its technical
capabilities and the range of available services
n IMT-2000 and its evolutions must be considered as a whole including
> future development of IMT-2000 and
> systems beyond IMT-2000, which could be adequately renamed
“IMT- 2000 broadband”
and not as separated systems
at a standardisation, regulatory and ITU levels
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Wireless World long term evolution
2/2
n Identification of new spectrum at an appropriate date (WRC-06 or
WRC-09)
should be based on the growth of the mobile multimedia market until year 2005
n Quantity of spectrum :
sufficient to allow operators to extend the capacities and capabilities of their existing
networks to continue to offer, according to market needs, the best mobile services
n Spectrum with exclusive usage for operators
best to ensure quality requirements at this stage of
the technology development rather than shared spectrum
n Adequate trade-off between bit-rates, spectrum range and range of
transmitters is essential for the future success of “IMT-2000
broadband” and requires studies
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
IMT-2000 spectrum - particular
requirements for low populated areas 1/2
n IMT-2000 offering basic communication services to a majority of
End-users should be made accessible
Ø in most areas within national territories including sparsely populated and
low traffic density areas
Ø within an appropriate timeframe
Ø under reasonable economic conditions
n Specificity of UMTS/IMT-2000 deployment
in low populated areas
Ø requires identification of spectrum in an appropriate
frequency range on a world-wide basis
providing economies of scale
allowing cost-effective deployment
facilitating global roaming
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
IMT-2000 spectrum - particular
requirements for low populated areas
2/2
n The bands below 1 GHz identified by WRC-2000
Ø are used by 2G networks recently deployed in developing countries
Ø could be made available for IMT-2000 only in the longer term
n The maximum cell size in the bands above 1 GHz already
identified for IMT-2000 is appropriate for high traffic density areas
Ø The frequency range below 600 MHz is better suited to provide rural
coverage through the use of large cells due to propagation characteristics
n Frequency range 450-600 MHz for UMTS/IMT-2000 is the most
appropriate for economic coverage
Ø There is also a need to allow a smooth transition from the 1st generation
analogue mobile systems that operate in many countries in the bands other than
those identified for 3rd generation
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
V - Conclusion
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Global harmonisation
and clarification of regulations
n Evolution of frequency allocation should take into account the
n
n
n
n
evolution of the market and not only evolution of technology
Evolution of regulations should tend towards clarification - this should
be an objective for next WRCs
Harmonisation is a key issue for roaming, interoperability and
economies of scale
Global harmonisation is still more then necessary
ITU is the most appropriate international body
to answer this need
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002
Thank you
Orange - France Telecom Group
ICT/IMT-2000 Seminar, Abidjan, 9-12 September 2002