ICTs and (Climate Change)
Adaptation in Developing
Countries
Richard Heeks
Centre for Development Informatics
University of Manchester, UK
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/cdi
Centre for Development
Informatics
ICTs, Climate Change & Development Model
C
Mitigation
Strategy
Adaptation
(Causes)
Physical
Consumption
-Dematerialisation of
Goods/Services
Journey Substitution
Physical
Production
-Shift to Knowledge
Economy
(Effects)
e-Enabled:
-Carbon Markets
-Decision-Making
-Policy networks
-Awareness/CapacityBuilding
-Technology Transfer
Energy Use
Manufacture & Use:
-ICTs (Green vs.
Brown IT)
-Smart
Motors/Logistics
-Smart Building
Design
-Smart Transport
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Informatics
-Socio-polítical
-Livelihoods & Finance
-Health
-Habitat
-Food (Agriculture)
-Water
Energy Generation
& Distribution
-Smart Power/Grid
Application Areas / CC
Related Vulnerabilities
ICTs Adaptation Role
Monitoring
-CC Data Capture
-CC Data Processing
-CC Data Presentation
and Dissemination
-Measuring
-Informing & Networking
-Deciding:
•Predicting (Risk, Early
Warning)
•Planning (inc. Local
Mitigation)
•Coping (Short-Term/
Disaster)
•Adapting (Long-Term)
-Transacting
-Producing
-Mobility
BoP Shocks and Vulnerabilities
Shocks
Vulnerabilities
Disaster
Poverty
Water
Shortage
Food
Insecurity
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Informatics
Illness
Personal
Insecurity
Environmental
Degradation
http://caglecartoons.com
National Climate Change
Adaptation . . . and ICTs
ICT 1. Informed Decision-Making
ICT 2. Stakeholder Engagement
Vulnerability &
risk
assessments
National
Communications
NAPAs
Pilot projects
Task 3b:
ICT 4. Feedback and Learning
Monitoring &
Evaluation
Task 1:
Task 2a:
Task 2b:
Task 2c:
Task 2d:
Task 3a:
Synthesise
Knowledge
Design
Adaptation
Strategy
Formulate
Adaptation
Options
Select
Adaptation
Measures
Formulate
Adaptation
Strategy
Implementation
ICT 5. Institutional Capacity-Building
Indicators
Centre for Development
Informatics
Inclusion in
National
Development
Plans
Projects for
Funding
ICT 3. Adaptation
Delivery
Sectoral Climate Change
Adaptation . . . and ICTs
Sensor
Networks
GIS/Remote
Sensing
Vulnerabilities
Disaster
Poverty
Telecentres
Water
Shortage
Food
Insecurity
Community
Radio
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Informatics
Illness
Personal
Insecurity
Social Media
Environmental
Degradation
Mobile Phones
Community Climate Change
Adaptation . . . and e-Resilience
Vulnerability
Dimensions
Vulnerability
Context
MACRO
Acute
Shocks
Chronic
Trends
Livelihood System
System
Levels:
MESO
Livelihood
Determinants
Livelihood
Capabilities
•Assets
•Institutions
MICRO
Development
Outcomes
Functionings
ADAPTATION/
ADAPTIVE
ACTIONS
•Structures
Climate
Change
Resilience Sub-properties
ICTs
Robustness
Rapidity
Scale
Redundancy
e-Resilience
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Informatics
Flexibility
Selforganisation
Learning
Equality
Integrate, Don’t Isolate
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Informatics
Be Janus-Headed About
Technology
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Informatics
Embrace the Current
Informatics Ecosystem
People &
Processes
Networks
Hardware
Software
Radio/Etc
Data
Information
Knowledge
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Informatics
Check The Time: It’s the 21st
Not 20th Century
e-Adaptation
User Role
Innovator
Entrepreneur
ICT Capabilities
Transformational
Productive
Worker
Producer
Active User
Transactional
Passive
Consumer
Informational
Intermediated
Consumer
Indirect
Delinked
Centre for Development
Informatics
None
More Hands On Deck for
e-Adaptation
Centre for Development
Informatics
Useful Links
• NICDD Project Website: www.niccd.org
• Online Network on ICTs, Climate Change
& Development:
http://groups.google.co.uk/group/niccd
• Blog: http://niccd.wordpress.com/
Centre for Development
Informatics