Making Smart Communi/es Resilient Mobile to the Rescue Martin Griss
Director, Silicon Valley Campus
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Carnegie Mellon Silicon Valley
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Established 2002
High-tech ecosystem
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180 students
745 alumni
55 faculty/researchers
Enriching Anywhere, Anytime Computing
Goals
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Prototype novel mobile applications, devices & systems
Perform multi-disciplinary research
Do holistic, synergistic work
Experiment with large scale pilot(s)
Create collaborative community
Established April 2008
•  Workshops and hackathons on :
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Security
Mobile Health
Disaster Management
Smart GRID
Novel applications
Mobile & SMS is Dominant Worldwide
Population
7B
6B
Mobile
phones
5B
Smart
phones
4B
3B
Phones becoming
smaller, cheaper,
smarter
SMS
users
SMS dominates
•  7.8 T SMS sent in 2011
~ 9 T in 2012
•  250 B MMS in 2011
2B
1B
Mobile
Internet Facebook
YouTube
Twitter LinkedIn
Web of Things: Disruption
10X the Opportunity
THINGS
50 B
PEOPLE
5.0 B
Digital Society
Sustainable World
Personal
Mobile
Inflection
points
Global
Connectivity
1875
Source: Ericsson
1900
PLACES
~0.5 B
1925
1950
1975
2000
2025
© Ericsson AB 2010
Mobile computing
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Security
CMU-SV Research
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Voice recognition
Context-aware applications
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Human identification
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Wireless sensors
Antennas
& MEMS
Machine learning,
Behavior recognition
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Business Reuse Faciliated Reuse. Energy
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Disaster
Management
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Managed Reuse .
Big data
Software engineering
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Architected Reuse Immersion Reality
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Smart Communities
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Open access, open source, interoperable Mobile, Social, Cloud, Sensors All-­‐hazards Regional, community Situa@on maps Ci@zen involvement Prac@cal solu@ons Coordinating, Collaborating, Aggregating
location, images, videos, information
Citizens
Emergency Responders
crowdsource, notifications, coordination
filtering, fusing data
(Mobile) Command Centers
instructing, resource allocation
Coordinating Multiple Participants
Cell, SMS?, Facebook? Twitter? LMR
Ordinary Citizens
911 Dispatch Center
Professional Responders
amateur radio, FRS
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LMR, …
,
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i
d
a
r
amateur
Emergency Operations Center
CERT Teams
NGOs
Companies, media, etc.
SMS-Based First Responder Tool
Leverage Community Mobile Phones
Civilians may have smartphones with residual
battery, but cell & Internet can be unavailable
Silicon Valley Resilient Network
An “internet” when all else fails
Level I
The Neighborhood “Bubble”
Local-only VoIP and core data services to smartphones
Level II
Level
III
Limited Public Internet
Augment the bubble with satellite and QoS management
Neighborhoods Linked to City
Solar / battery-backed dedicated network infrastructure
Silicon Valley Resilient Network
Database
Server
Database
RESTful interface, JSON payloads
Gateway
Gateway
Gateway
Gateway
IPv4 / IPv6
Survivable Social
Network
Situation
Hyperwall
Palo Alto
MEOC
Sensor Networks
Survivable Social Network
Focus on communities
–  Neighbors supporting neighbors
Key idea: Social Network “in a box”
–  Familiar look and feel
–  No installation needed
–  Training-less
Minimal infrastructure
–  A laptop computer, or small server
–  Simple WiFi access point
–  Smartphones w. HTML5 browser
–  Uses Elg, Asterisk, SIP, …
Semantic Geotagging
Smartphone/tablet for first responders to add semantically linked
geo-tagged annotations to the Common Operating Picture
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Shared Situation Hyperwall
•  Critical to prioritize, work effectively, & coordinate
•  Multi-screen, common operating picture
•  Mobile phone and Kinect interaction
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Shared Situation Hyperwall
•  Polls the database for “interesting” info
•  Interactive, multimedia interface
•  Real-time updates – AJAX-based
•  Messages / pictures
•  Selective tracking (breadcrumbs)
•  Scalable interface – laptop to big screen
•  Triage reported problems (e.g., CERT trailer), escalate
Next Gen Emergency Operations Center
Solar Powered
Host NASA Mission Control for Wildfire UAVs
Satellite Comms
Community WiFi
3rd Annual DMI Workshop
Nov 4-5, 2012
Making Smart Communities Resilient:
Use network, mobile, social, sensor,
information technology
CMUSV integrated smartphones, voice,
data, location, situation awareness, mobile
vehicle interoperability
Mobile Mesh
A unified, delay tolerant mesh network for instantly
available communication using Wi-Fi
Smartphone Mesh
“I'm OK”
“I have
clean H2O”
“I am 3Gconnected”
“I'm
trapped”
Smartphones can bootstrap a secure ad hoc or
mesh network for local communication
Delay-Tolerant Networking
Application is unaware of DTN
DTN Meshes
Delay tolerant meshes can cover very large areas, limited only by mobility
and acceptable application demands, reducing density of PoCs
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Heterogeneous Mesh
Various device classes can connect using
gateways/“translators” between them
802.11g/n
802.11 ad hoc
802.11s mesh
3G/4G
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Smart Communities - Sensor Networks
Web of Things
Sensor Network
Campus
Campus
Network
Network
Ethernet
End-User
Server
Ethernet
Agents
End-User
munication Requirements
Gateway
Sensor
Device
802.11
Gateway
RS-232
Sensor
Device
Ethernet /
802.11
IP Camera
RS-232
PC
RFID RX
Actuator
802.15.4
Bluetooth
Sensor
Mobile Node
Fig. 1.
The three-tiered Sensor Andrew Architecture.
tion. The communication layer should allow for
CMUSV B23 Test Bed
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Martin
Chris
Pei
Patrick
Jason
Collin
Scott
Joy
Lounge
Mikelynn
Gerry
Stacy
Sylvia L
Dan
Sylvia A
Ngoc
Men’s Room
Stairs
Coffee
Hector
PR
Cubes
Sensor Board (25-­‐30) Gateway (1 or 2) PR
Mobile Locationing
Determine occupancy
•  Indoor localization
•  Indoor orientation detection
Context-Awareness
•  Detecting the context of a user
•  Physical Context
•  Location, Activity, Proximity, etc.
•  Psychological Context
•  Virtual Context
•  Emails / IMs received, calendar state, etc.
•  Faster development of context-aware applications
•  Abstraction to hide complexities of,
•  Resource management –
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Battery power
Bandwidth
Processing power
•  Security
•  Usability
•  Automated detection of context
Machine Learning
Big Data Analysis
•  Modeling human behavior
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Predicting behavior
Anomaly detection
Activity detection
Location detection
•  Bayesian & HMM predication
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Sensor fusion
Federated reasoning
System diagnosis
Predicting probability of future states
Some R&D Issues
•  Making these technologies robust and easy to use
•  Software engineering methods for loosely coupled
systems: services, mobile, sensors, cloud, gateways, fog
•  Pushing computation to the edge (from Cloud to Fog)
•  Provide consistent naming and directory services
•  Managing scale, distribution, installation
•  Managing heterogeneous, federated mix of devices,
gateways, services, languages, cloud
Corporate Relationships
Questions