.
.
',
.
• '
.· . .
.
'
.
.
:
.· . ·
," ,, ,
.
:
.. '
FIFTY-NINTH
. : ,'
ANNUAL MEETING
JUNE 13-17, 1978
.
·: .
Long-term. :performance
of introduced legumes at
forest locations in southwest Oregon
·..
.
II
.
.
Using N-fixing plants in forestry becomes
financially more attractive as costs of fertilizers
and application continue to increase.
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON
·;,.,•
.: :
.
. . ...
'·.
,I
... .
'• ,1
' \.
·.
. .
-
.
'
·
.
·;. ,
.I '
\',\\t1iti fjf(Il l' · i: - ,..:·-:-:
•.
·, ·I .
.
,
'
··
•
...
.' •·.: j . •
· .. :. .,.. :· . .
/: : ·".:..
• '
.... .
'I·:
, :-
•
- .,.
:'-::-..-:
.
-
.,
.
·, ·• .
'J• .
.•
p.: :
·-·
.
.
·
___
•
.
·
.
. ..
.
..
.
.
:
.
.
·
.
"
·
·
'
·•
.·
aterl a , 7) and ""'eathered bedrock . ·. '. '
.
5) subsoil, 6) -parent
·
- ;
Chemical inputs 1 • outputs, and balances' were. det rmined for . : .; . .
Nutrient budgets based cin th" pr'emise that \> ater : ·-:· ;.
each zone.
..
'exit .
:
move& sequentially dO\ffislope through e ach zone before
··'
To determin
streamflow, are presented,
ing t.he tsystl!m
budgetll precipitation, thrufall, stemflow, soil \>ater at·
..
. ,::. ..
'
.
,_
··
· ...
_
_
_
__
·.
•. ,;
·
·
.
·
_- _- _-'-'-_· · ··
_
. _
_.'---
-· ,.t...· :..·
.;.
.:.;.U<.:...;,
.
.:.:....-o::-:"'-""-....
....
__.
__
.
.
.
:,
.
-
Thousands of �teres of ponderosa pine
.
}
,..
·.
a
· m e nt than present mechanic..sl methods.·
.
..
:.· · • ·. ;
tion1,
.
•
•
thinning sla b·. ,
Fire use has often resulted in excessive residual
r
'r
-r- ,·
develop 'prescriptions considering both rat'e of h eAt
release
(fire intensity) and
total
energy re
l ea se
are .
L VER
•
••,
•
•• • ••
'.l,.:,,· "i!
, ,;. :- ,;/·,
".. .
.
•
•
• •
•
•
t'. . ; .
presented as functions of fuel' and l.:eather parameter•. \I..;..
t'
Prescriptions \>hich have vorked successfully in this region
. -· . · . . .. ·., · . . · . Are Blso presented, . · . . • .· .
-:· :·
C _' �(
. · ..
..
. ··
cOrP: ;}.;. -: '':;,:.·
.
Hovever, ·th" size and quality of th" treea"
old stand.
was gr., a ter and the time b"t\>eeen costly site preparation
The thinning promoted
and regeneration was "xtend.,d,
grovth. f the residual overstory Douglao-fir and the
It
suppressed hemlock and cedar tree• of the sa e ag"•
a t e d hemlock and cedar regeneration, vhicb
also s t i
m
mul
grev up
to 30 feet tall in th" ensuing 30 yeara. Dominant
Douglas-firs re s ponde d to the release mor" than d id
Stoc k i n g a n d qu al ity
inte rmediate a nd suppres sed on e s ,
of th" understory regeneration \Jere variable.
LOEFFLER, HJCHAEL SCOTT
llderness
. ·
{
.-:.;.,
Z.Ccati.ons i.n southwest Oregon.
:
RICHARD E. MILLER
(Pacific
North\>est Forest and Range Experiment Station) ' and RAT
ZALUNARDO (U mpqua Na tiona 1 yoreat ) •
financially
Uoing N-fixing plants in forestry become
more attrac ti ve as coat& of fertil i z.,ra and applicati
continu" to increa•"•
on
Eight legume cultivara were aovn
on fertil ized and unf rtilized plota within deer
excl osur "s in three logged and burned clearcuta in the·
Percent cover after the first and
'lle ot e rn Cascadea,
du ring the ninth gro\>ing season va s cle arly great" r on
2m x 2m plota sovn with alfalfa, crovnvetch, and birdafoot
F ire Hls to
(University of
ashlngton)
A study of the fir" history of the western portion of
Gl cler Peak Ullderness Area was made as an Initial st"P In
establishing any future fire management areas her.,,
The
frequency, the location, and the burn size of llghtnlng­
lgnlt d fires Is discussed.
Investigations lead to the following conclusions:
per cent
(1} 90 p er cent of all fires accounted for only
of the total burn acreage.
.
75 per c..nt of all recorded 11 ghtnlng starts In the
2
groving season, plant cover of the se thre" specie• waa no
longer significantly different among the locations or
Ayerage cover on the
among fertilized and control plota.
crovnvetch plot• had increased to 93 percent compared to
38 a nd 25 p erce nt on the alfalfa and b irdsfoot plot& .
All survivin g species \>er" nodulate d ! hovever, we have no
The
me as ur" of th" amount of II fixed by th.,ae sp., c iea .
vide apread aucceaa of N fertilizer• in incre aaing g rovtb
in fo r e o ta of \> estern Uashington and Or eg o n justify
additional re e rch of N-f ix ing planta aa an alternative
Some of the legume& of
meana for supply ing nitrogen,
thia trW may fit this. purpoaa .
(2) west-side Ullderness otcurred abov" ,500 feet, where
fuel accumulations are r"latlvely low and the possl­
blllty of spread Is often low.
situation described In 2 • . can be expected to per­
sist since elevation Is the main factor In location of
--··-·
t_ ---··-·-'--··..
_ .. __ ... _
(3) Th"
.
•.•
deerv.,tch than for \>etland deervetch, p er ennial lupine·,
By the n inth
annual lupin e, flatpea, or hairy vetch.
estern Glacier Peak
.)
)
;
·
.,
:· t ·
"
.
_ . .
:.!·•;,_:, ... The Canada/US Spruce Budwonns ProgrllDI is a cooperative. •
:.;; •. : .
6-year effort bein& implemented in 1978 •. ; The Progrrua • . ­
l
.
Stand in Western Wa shington •. , JAY B . LAU qHLIN, CI!Ap_!ll
.'\..: ; ,; ··, ; . : has high Visibility in both. countri es. and
full .· ,:·:, :-;.'
_ n
h : t•:, , · >: ,. :",d::,,;.·:,
(C l ; . .1 f, .,
DEARING
.. convnitment of top management in. th" C anadian fore s try _: < .
l
·.
7 ; o .;.'la
.
.
'
·
·
·
.
.
. ··
;;. : .· -; . . •".. ,..... '1· ·:..-;t-._;! -:-- r·. - ..:,. .1 :t: ·•·: J :: Service and US orest Service. Attainment o£ prograa ,,' .
: : ,.
·:; ·. -·.
....._. · -:.. ;
.
.
·
.•
·;
wu··
;:
.
::
:
:
...
;.
.
:
.. . objectives will provide better infonnation for resource.. . A Dougla s-fi r st'and 'near .Port TO\ffiBend. '!lashington ·
Zell erba ch
111anagement decision · and improved control t echn olo
gy to •.· . · ..
:·used f or a crown thinni g study by Cr
.
beginning _in -1947.::-..lhe stand ,wa . about. 50. yeara .. old at,.;t" ,'\;;; .}:ho:c: :: nduce unacceptible econo!JliC ·and environm ent al illlpscta .
that time. "• P e rmanent plota wen u ta bli shed , a nd. thinnings';;,; ;· :;,·:···"'of spruce budwonns. ; •. ::i.,,..;, ·;, : .·· ·,,-: ;.. ,, · ··L .;·. , ..·.--, . .. .
-., ·; '1.,.:);,- ,..;ici ·..,: ·..._...
· ·;j. . f ':. ··.. . .[:· \
-... .1 "..
removing s'ome ·of the·' dominant and codominant 'tre'e• ,\lere;;:.:;.. ':,r!;\· .:: .:;' <·i' £.;,:;:
.
-.. ... ...... ·. . .'.U-::·> ·""!' :· -·-- ".·- ··;:·
..
:," ·;.'J .... ':· :
Final meaaurementa and stem analy s e r·.::.. . :. .-.: >:: ·'-'
made sever.al times ;
·
.
·
·
·
· -:o•//, _;· ::::..:., ,··... :.· ..'. "
.
.·
·
.
;::: :.;,. .· .:·:· .·:.:, .
.
were made of the overstory and understory.on pennanenti . : -:,.-<: :. .; :··'..".;-:
.
·
. . · · . " .·
" ..; ::: · ... '·:·:: :: =:·; ,.·.;- · .
....
· :_ : . - ·
:
:.
·
.
plots in 1977, just before. part Of the' stand was l ogged ,.Y f. f : ' · .. ·
.
:
.
·.-;
­
·
Total volume grown (both in the thinning• and standing ·at···_.
• rouuae
· •" ;/'Long- ......,. rm per,rorm:znce of t.nt
·'-- - d ,.egumee at J_,o:reet
80 ye ars) \>as less than th e norma1 Y ields f or an 8o-year-
.
.
Proper fire use
..
.: 1.:..:•.�.. _ •.:, - . . .- ;·
}:
Thirty-year Results of Cr01.m Thinning of a Doug as-f ir ·
··
..
stand damage because either b urning \.188 c_onduCted too'
r.apidly or too m uch fuel vas consumed.- ·P oce d ur es to..:..::...:....:- _
: '
.
.
requires consideration of principles to develop prescrip-
:· :
· .·· ·
.
.
..
:g::; :};;;i::?,; ; i;;i;: :m:; ; ; EZ:::: · "�-:·;·t(:' l:ieiJJ:;. t_:!_'i :i_ ·,.:,'.
. _ _; :
;�(h: !;;:;,�:;,7 if( #· :; \. ,:,-,.; ;!:;:;:o :; f2;::; :(c7' /·
; ·!;·;· ;:s;b:
_ .
:.·
·.everal depths• springs, small streams,
and three lDlljor
.
.•
game- 2.nd man 8nd poor understory control. I f properly · ,
n d effective tr ea tused, fire can b" a more economical
;
l
__
.present high fir" hazard, poor access for livestock, big
as
·
.- ·
...
··.
·
.: ;r;·:·,J_ ·_'
.-,.
:> :!
atmosphere, 2)
:":--
.
',. • ; '_. • •
: ·.··:·:
.f ··'• .\
· J
ROBERT E. MARTIII·:;,:": :-<· · _·:i.::.
.
(USDA Forest Servic"• Silviculture LA boratory .I';:
·.- . )o.r '" "·,
Bend , Oregon)
··
· '· · .:._:'- - . ; • i..:-:.:� ;7,:_ , ... ,_... _,_. .. :.·. , ::­ l · • .. .�.•· . .. . . '-.ti.,'!t.;.
·:; ;.Three ·pristine vatersheds located in t he high rainfall: ·
were monitor-:· -··
zo e on Yashington'e Yestern Olympic peninsula
·.
ion, thrufall, · stemflowi
ed during 1975-1977 • • Precipitat
ischarge were gaged c:;>r estimat- ,. •
soil w a t e r . flov, and stream
Watersheds vere sub divided into seven zones labled 1) •
ed.
vegetation, 3) organic. soil, 4) mineral soil,. :
·
-
.
_ __ _ _
_
,' .
l,o •
.
·
· · ·. _·
.
··
_
·
·: '·::·3,,:. ·:··:·. ,:·.,
·
ton) and_L·, .:-!
ARTIIUR G, LARSON (University of'Washing
i'..': .,·\
DAVID D. WOOLDRIDGE (University of \:aahington)
.
1·-: -: . • : - . _.. ··. •, ; .-.: ·•· 1 . .V.·.·• . :... :.;:,;-.:·.-_.'-< - :... ·;
.
- '� ·
.
••
: :: ::
_:
_ ..__ ·
_
_.
_
t, t
'
Temperate Rainforest ,_
Nutr ient Bud set of
.:'-· .-:· _.
(
: ::, ..
.• r. ; ':- . .
,•
.
' ·.
.• ...
'
.
•
•
.
· •
.
..
· .
I
Fuel-load reductions reaultin & from prescribed burnin&
in gra z ed and ungnzed Douglas-fir st.anda,
LEON F. N'IlJD­
SCH ANDER AND THOHAS ZIHHERHAN (U n iv erai ty of Idaho)
:
.
.. -
..:.
,
;