w m ß ia g - a p u a i s o o
a i n i l l S N I 3NIÜV1N S H 3Q N V 13
33Z 3 0 HOOA i n n i l i S N I SIMATIA
(MZA) z H A
23922
E N V IR O N M E N T A L IM P A C T OF B O TTO M GEARS ON B E N T H IC FA U N A IN R ELATIO N
TO N A TU R A L R ESO U R C ES M A N A G EM EN T AND PR O TEC TIO N O F T H E N O R TH SEA
EC PR O JE C T MA 2.549
AN IN V EN TO R Y OF V ESSELS AND G EA R TY PES EN G A G ED IN
T H E B ELG IA N , DUTCH AND GERM A N B O TTO M T R A W L IN G
H. PO LET (*), W. BLOM (**) and W. TH IELE (***)
O ctober 1993
(*) RVZ - R ijksstation voor Zeevisserij - O ostende, Belgium
(**) RIV O -D LO - R ijksinstituut voor V isserijonderzoek - IJm uiden, N etherlands
(***) Federal Research Station for Fisheries, Institute for Fishing T echnology - H am burg, Germ any.
T able of contents
1. A B O U T T H E PR O JE C T
2. IN V EN TO R Y O F TH E B ELG IA N , D U TC H AND G ER M A N T R A W L E R F L E E T
2.1. IN V EN TO R Y O F B EA M ER S AND B EA M T R A W L G EA R
2.1.1. The sm all m ultipurpose beam traw lers - inclusive eunocutters
2.1.1.1. Beam traw ling fo r shrim p
2.1.1.2. Beam traw ling fo r flatfish
2.1.1.3. O tter traw ling o r p a ir traw ling fo r roundfish
2.1.2.
Flatfish beam traw lers
2.1.2.1. Beam traw ls w ith chain matrices
2.1.2.2. Beam traw ls w ith tick ler chains
2.2. IN V EN TO R Y O F O T T E R TR A W LS AND O T T E R T R A W L G EA R
2.2.1. O tter traw ling fo r N ephrops
2.2.2. O tter traw ling fo r roundfish
2.2.2.1. O tter traw ling in Icelandic waters
2.2.2.2. O tter traw ling in ICES areas IV and VH
A nnex 1: Details on the B elgian traw ler fleet and gears used
A nnex 2: Details on the Dutch traw ler fleet and gears used
A nnex 3: D etails on the G erm an traw ler fleet and gears used
1. A B O U T TH E PR O JEC T
At the beginning o f 1992 the EEC project MA 2-549 "environm ental im pact o f bottom gears on
benthic fauna in relation to natural resources m anagem ent and protection o f the north sea" was
started with six contractors and five subcontractors cooperating. As a first step in the project an
inventory o f fishing vessels, fishing m ethods, fishing areas and species fished for has been m ade
based on data-extraction from several databases and an inquiry am ong skippers and vessel ow ners,
fishing cooperatives, fisherm en unions and fishing gear constructors. This inventory was m ent as a
background source for the follow ing phases o f the project. Three institutes cooperated in m aking up
the overview :
- R IVO-DLO - R ijksinstituut voor V isserijonderzoek - N etherlands
- RVZ - R ijksstation voor Zeevisserij - Belgium
- Federal Research Station for Fisheries, Institute for Fishing Technology - H am burg,
Germany.
The y ear 1990 was chosen as a reference because, at the tim e o f the m aking o f the inventory, com ­
plete data sets were only available for that year. The report contains data on the cutter-fleet only.
The large stem traw lers, fishing m ainly pelagic and sem i-pelagic, are left out o f consideration.
In the fram e o f IM PA C T II (1994-1996) the present study will be expanded as a sub-project and
w ill be coordinated by the R ijksstation voor Zeevisserij (sub-project I-b - coördinator H. Polet).
MA 2 . 5 4 9
In v e n t o r y I
2. IN V EN TO RY O F TH E B ELG IA N . D U TCH AND GERM A N T R A W L E R FL E E T
T he flatfish beam trawl fishery is the m ost im portant part o f the national fishery for Belgium and
the N etherlands. B eam traw lers land about 81 % o f the Belgian and 66 % o f the Dutch catches. A
sm all num ber o f traw lers concentrate either on the roundfish or the N ephrops fishery only. Several
traw lers are m ultipurpose vessels.
The fleets can be classified into three subgroups :
- flatfish beam traw lers (engine pow er > 221 kW , 300 hp)
- sm all m ultipurpose beam traw lers (engine pow er < 221 kW , 300 hp)
- otter trawlers.
The lists o f vessel data for the three countries are given in annex 1, table 1; annex 2, table 1; and
annex 3, table 1, m entioning all registered cutters and their hom e port. Ship tonnages are expressed
as B R T - bruto register tonnage. The length o f the vessels is expressed as overall length.
2.1. IN V EN TO R Y O F B EA M ER S AND BEA M T R A W L G EA R
B asically the beam traw l (fig. 1) is a sim ple envelope o f netting held open horizontally by a steel
tube, the beam , and vertically by two hoop-like trawl heads. As no hydrodynam ic forces are needed
to open the trawl m outh little pow er is required to tow a sm all beam traw l. H ow ever, large beam
traw ls are often heavier due to the additional chainm at (fig. 2) and tickler chain (fig. 3) arrange­
m ents w hich is needed to assure good contact w ith the bottom at high tow ing speed, particularly
over a rough sea floor.
D ouble-rig beam traw lers (fig. 4) tow tw o traw ls, one from either side, by m eans o f tw o derrick
boom s. Double-rig beam traw ling is used to catch shrim p and flatfish.
W hen considering bottom traw ls the engine pow er/sw ept area ratios are a relevant factor in environ­
m ental discussions. Table 1 gives an overview o f these ratios. A split is m ade in northern and
southern N orth Sea w here traw lers use different gears related to bottom topography and surface
sedim ents. It appears that sw ept area per unit o f pow er for large cutters is sm aller than for small
cutters. A possible explanation is that the hydrodynam ic com ponent in the gear resistance is larger
for higher than for sm aller engine pow er, viz. 75 % against 50 %. C onsequently w hen fishing speed
is high, the hydrodynam ic resistance increases m uch quicker than the bottom resistance. H ence the
area swept by the large cutters is disturbed by m ore and heavier tickler chains and with a higher
fishing speed.
Figure 5 gives an overview o f the gear w eights, beam lengths and speed in relation to engine power.
One o f the m ost im portant com ponents o f the gear in direct contact w ith the bottom are the tickler
chains and/or chainm at. F or the 4.5 m beam trawl and the 12 m beam traw l it can be estim ated that
80 % and 90 % respectively o f the sw ept area com es in contact w ith these parts o f the gear. There
is a relationship betw een bottom type and w eight, num ber and diam eters o f chains. The heaviest
gears are used on hard bottom s. On a m uddy, soft bottom only a few tickler chains, o f sm aller
diam eter, are used to prevent the gear getting stuck into the bottom due to excessive weight.
The w arplength-depth ratio is related to the bottom type; the softer the bottom , the shorter the
w arplength used. W arplength and seastate also influence the bottom pressure o f the traw lhead. If the
gear w eight is recorded it should be noted that to m aintain contact with the bottom the w eight o f the
gear (all the m etal parts, e.g. beam , shoes, bridle) on the bottom is the total w eight o f the gear
(em ersed in w ater), m inus the vertical vector. V ariance in tow ing force is up to about 50% o f the
MA 2 . 5 4 9
I N VE NT ORY 2
average towing force at B f 4 to 5.
2.1.1. The small m ultipurpose beam trawlers
The sm all m ultipurpose beam trawlers are vessels with engine pow er < 221 kW (300 hp). These are
allow ed to fish within the 12 m iles zone with beam traw ls, according to EEC -regulation no. 55/87,
if each beam length is below 4.5 m. Beam s over 4.5 m long are also allowed for shrim p traw ling.
T his applies to 101 Belgian, 210 Dutch and 290 Germ an beam traw lers. A ccording to EEC regula­
tion no. 3554/90 these vessels can also catch sole w ithin the 12 m iles zone w ith a beam length over
4.5 m if, in a 12 m onth's period, 50 % o f the landings consist o f shrim p. Every year the list w ith the
vessels m atching this condition is adapted based on the vessel's catch. For 1990, 39 Belgian vessels
appear on that list.
The small m ultipurpose beam trawlers target different species w ith different gears according to the
season. Target species are shrim p, flatfish and roundfish and the respective gears used are shrim p
beam trawl, flatfish beam trawl and otter or pair trawl.
2.1.1.1. Beam traw ling for shrim p
Shrim ps (Crangon crangon) are caught along the coasts, in estuaria and in the "W adden Sea". A
typical shrimp beam trawl is 6 to 8 m wide. The height o f the trawl head is 50-75 cm. The net itself
is o f a sim ple construction, consisting o f a top panel, a low er panel and tw o gussets. N etting
m aterial is polyam ide and the m esh size ranges from 28 mm in the front part o f the net to 22 mm in
the codend. The dim ensions o f the codend are 200 m eshes round and 200 m eshes deep. In order to
protect the codend it is always covered with a large-m esh codend cover (80 m m ). A bobbin
groundrope with wooden or rubber bobbins keeps the trawl in contact with the sea bed and enables
it to ride over stones and other small obstacles. The average tow ing speed o f m ost vessels is 3
knots. The com plete gear weighs between 600 and 900 kg with an average o f 750 kg, but it m ust be
kept in mind that these values are estim ates.
T he catch is sorted with an autom atic sieve. Belgian vessels (and also B reskens, N L) use sieves with
a 6.5 mm m esh, whereas Dutch vessels use sieves w ith a 6.88 mm mesh.
U sually, shrim p traw lers, w ithout refrigeration, leave the harbour in the evening, fish for about 12
hours and return in the m orning. In w intertim e, if tem peratures are quite low and shrim p can be
preserved longer, som e beam ers tend to go fishing for up to 24 hours. In som e harbours vessels
leave and return at high tide. If vessels are equipped with a refrigerator (som e vessels in the
N etherlands) tim e at sea is up to two days.
A bout 20 % (Belgium ) and 40 % (N etherlands) o f these vessels fish for shrim p all year, m ainly the
sm aller vessels. A pproxim ately 40 % (B elgium ) and 30 % (N etherlands) catch shrim p during a
shorter period between June and N ovem ber when the larger shrim p catches occur and sw itch to
flatfish and/or roundfish species in the rest o f the year. About 40 % (B elgium ) and 20 % (N ether­
lands) catch shrim p during a longer period but switch to flatfish between M arch and June.
2.1.1.2. Beam traw ling fo r flatfish
M ost o f the shrim p trawlers (80 % for Belgium and 85 % for the N etherlands) change to the flatfish
fishery especially during the spawning season when adult sole begin m igrating to the coastal nursery
grounds. This seasonal fishery starts in M arch and lasts until the end o f M ay. Som e vessels (30 %)
MA 2 . 5 4 9
In v e n t o r y 3
continue this fishery during early sum m er. Then they all revert to shrim p traw ling.
All shrim p traw lers are allowed to catch sole with beam traw ls over 4.5 m wide. In this fishery two
types o f gears are used, round nets and V-nets. The so called round nets are traditional nets with
few tickler chains. A m ore m odem type o f net is the V -net o f w hich the belly has been cut away
further backw ards in a V -shape and can be rigged with m ore tickler chains. T he average w eight o f
the gear is 700 kg. A variation o f approxim ately 100 kg applies to the variation in the num ber o f
tickler chains used.
The netting m aterial used is polyethylene, single braided in the top panel and m ostly double braided
in the belly o f the net. M esh sizes range from 120 mm in the front part o f the net to 90 mm in the
codend. The m ajority o f the fisherm en use standard codends with 100 m eshes round and 50 m eshes
deep.
2.1.1.3. O tter traw ling o r pair traw ling fo r roundfish
B etw een O ctober and February, when shrim p and sole catches are sm all, the roundfish fishery used
to be com m only practised, w ith cod and w hiting as the m ain target species. As roundfish stocks are
very low in the coastal w aters otter traw ling (fig. 6) and pair traw ling (fig. 7) have only occasionally
been practised by the coastal vessels during recent years. H ow ever 50 % o f the skippers intend to
sw itch to this fishery' again during w inter tim e if stocks return to norm al levels.
F o r pair traw ling large four panel sem ipelagic nets are used. The nettingm aterial is polyam ide and
the m esh size decreases from 600 mm in the front o f the net to 90 mm in the codend. The netting
for the codend is double braided polyethylene or polyam ide and the dim ensions are standard (100
m eshes round and 50 m eshes deep).
T he otter trawds (two panel traw ls) used have considerably varying dim ensions. Again m esh sizes
are frequently very' large in the front part o f the net and decrease to the legal m inim um m esh size in
the codend. The netting m aterial is polyam ide or polyethylene and the codends have standard
dim ensions. U sually oval otter boards, m ade o f steel, are used.
2.1.2. Flatfish beam trawlers
Flatfish beam traw lers are larger vessel w ith engine pow er > 221kW (300 hp) operating in the open
sea. These vessels are not allow ed to fish within the 12 m iles zone. The length o f the beam s ranges
from 4 to 12 m. The use o f beam lengths over 12 m is prohibited by law.
Beam traw ls are equipped with tickler chains to disturb the flatfishes from the seabed. The tickler
chains are attached betw een the beam traw l shoes. A dditionally net-tickler chains often are included
in the gear and are attatched to the groundrope. It is a main advantage o f beam traw ling that the
n um ber o f tickler chains, and consequently the catching pow er, is only lim ited by the horse pow er
o f the vessel’s m ain engine w hereas the num ber o f tickler chains that can be used in otter traw ling is
lim ited by the fishing m ethod itself. In order to allow a large num ber o f chains to be used the belly
o f the net is cut far backw ards. These nets are called V -nets because o f the shape o f this cut.
F or operation on very rough fishing grounds beam traw ls can be equipped w ith chain m aitrices.
C hain m atrices are rigged betw een the beam and the groundrope and prevent bolders from being
caught by the net. The belly in this type o f beam nets is cut less far backw ards than in a V-net.
T herefore chain m at nets are also called round nets (R-nets).
MA 2 . 5 4 9
In v e n t o r y 4
The largest vessels com bine the chainm at configuration w ith som e extra tickler chains (fig. 8).
Both V-nets and R-nets m ay be equipped with so called flip-up ropes to prevent large stones from
entering the trawl.
Flatfish beam trawl nets are o f the sam e basic construction as the shrim p trawl nets, but o f course
they are m ade o f heavier netting yam s and have bigger meshes.
2.1.2.1. Beam trawls with chain matrices.
The dim ensions o f the com partm ents in the chain m atrices are 30x30 cm (3x3 links) or 30x45 cm
(3x5 links). Flip-up ropes are usually used by the larger vessels. To release debris, m any traw ls have
an opening cut in the low er panel, ju st in front o f the codend. This is usually necessary as chain
m atrices beam traw ls are used on dirty grounds. Yhe low er panel and the codend consist o f m ostly
double braided polyethylene. The upper panel is m ade o f single braided polyethylene. The m esh size
in the net is usually 120 mm. The standard codend is 100 m eshes round (selvedges included) and 50
m eshes long.
2.1.2.2. Beam traw ls with tick ler chains.
The num ber o f tickler chains and net-tickler chains is very variable, but the higher the engine
pow er, the higher the num ber o f chains. As V-nets are m ainly used on clean grounds, m ost o f the
vessels fishing with V-nets do not install flip-up ropes in the net. The sam e counts for the debris
opening in the low er panel. For V-nets the main netting m aterial is polyam ide, often double braided
in the low er panel and the codend, single braided in the upper panel. The standard m esh size in the
net is 120 mm but often larger m eshes are used for the front part o f the net in order to reduce w ater
resistance.
2.2. INV ENTORY OF O TTER TRA W LERS AND O T T E R T R A W L GEA R
The m ost developed m ethod for keeping towed traw ls open horizontally is the use o f otter boards.
T hese are large boards o f steel or wood and iron, w eighted on their base by a protective iron shoe,
designed for a firm contact with the bottom , and fitted with brackets, or beckets, to w hich is
attatched the kelly's eye assembly. The otter board is designed to be towed over the bottom at such
an angle that the pair o f doors constantly tty to "sw im " away from each other, thus spreading the
w ings o f the net and holding the trawl m outh open. The contact o f the otter board with the bottom
and the w ater turbulence behind the board can generate a sand cloud which, together with the noise,
leads to a herding effect o f the fish. At the trawl m outh, the groundrope, assures good contact with
the bottom , and the square prevent fish from escaping.
O tter traw ls used by the Belgian, Dutch and Germ an "Cutter" fleet exist in a wide variety' and
m ostly are dem ersal trawls targeted at roundfish as cod, w hiting and haddock.
2.2.1. O tter traw ling for Nephrops
B eside the traditional N ephrops fleet, m any otter traw lers, especially in B elgium , have sw itched to
the N ephrops fishery' in recent years due to low roundfish stocks. The exact period when N ephrops
is targeted cannot be clearly detennined because skippers easily switch betw een the roundfish and
N ephrops fishery depending on the availability o f these species on the fishing grounds.
MA 2 .5 4 9
INV E NT OR Y 5
T he average low ing speed in the N ephrops fishery' is 3 knots. T he net is usually fished with
rectangular w ooden otter boards. The N ephrops trawl is a traditional two panel bottom trawl or a
m ore m odem twin trawl.
2.2.2. O tter traw ling fo r roundfish
2.2.2.1. O tter traw ling in Icelandic waters
T hree Belgian vessels are still (1990) allow ed to fish in Icelandic w aters but this situation will end
once they are replaced by new vessels.
T ow ing speed is 4 knots. Polyvalent otter boards are used. T he g ear is based on the V igneron-D ahl
system . The netting m aterial is polyethylene o f 135 or 155 m m . The codend consists o f double
braided polyester. Target species are cod, haddock, saithe and w hiting.
2.2.2.2. O tter traw ling in ICES areas IV and VO
A high variety' o f traw ls and otter boards are used, depending on vessel type (side traw ler - stem
traw ler), fishing ground, target species and light conditions on the fishing ground.
MA 2 . 5 4 9
In v e n t o r y 6
T a b le
E n g in e
pow er
1
:
F is h in g
(hp)
( k W)
pow er
300
220
re la te d
to
1500
1100
2200
1600
th e
sw ept
3000
2200
N
N
area
3000
2200
S
S
3700
2700
N
N
3700
2700
S
S
B eam l e n g t h
N* ( m )
4
8 .7
10.4
12
-
12
-
B eam l e n g t h
S* ( m )
4
10.4
12 . 3
-
12
-
12
4.3
5.2
6.2
7 .3
7 . 1
8 .3
8.0
3.2
10 . 0
14.1
16 . 2
15 . 8
18 . 5
17.8
69
80
85
99
101
108
112
F ishing
(kn)
speed
Sw ept s u r f a c e / h
m2 X 1 0 , 0 0 0 )
R a tio
pow er/surface
b rid les
warp
beam
traw lhead
s o l e piafe
Details of b e a m trowi sh oe
ISP_SiSW
Bide
EisoLidew
Vessel: 883 KW(1200 HP)
BEAMTRAWLER
Fishing gear: Chainmat beamtrawl
- beamlength: 1Om. _ 25cm
- headline: 10m, mixed _ 28mm
- groundrope: 17.6m, polyamide
- bobbins: 18m, rubber _ 28cm
- bridles: 6.3m (outer bridle), _ 30m m
- chainmat: Each rectangle contains 5
vertical and 3 horizontal links, _ 18mm
weights for e a c h gear:
- total: 5000kg new - 4500kg used (±1 month)
- beam: 800kg
-1 trawl shoe: 450kg
- chainmat: 2000kg
- net + bobbins + bridles: 1200kg
Figure 2: Beam trawl with chain matrices
H IV e . M
Figure 3 b GEAR-DETAILS
Figure 3 a . BEAMTRAWL-GEAR
1600 kW (2200 HP) BEAMER
the 7.3 tons gears.
New weight
above water
Each gear:
BLOCK
/
net
/ / «\ \
/
' \
/ Í
\ \
^
/ i
\
\
/.
chain 30 mm 0 ^
----- -------- i-------<------
/
'
BRIDLE /
/
/
:
/
«
V
«
V
<
\
/ , chain 20 mm
chain 22 a
roller ca 250 0
(most rubber)
nel-tickterchans
A-C = 3 X 20 0
D-K = 8 x 14 0
'
\
\
\
BEAM
outer pipe 244m m 0 x30m m
g_Q r
inner pipe 178mm 0 x30m m
A -K net-tickler chain 2 0 -1 4 mm 0
L -S
tickler chain 2 2 -1 8 -2 2 mm 0
260
550
/ 200
470
/3 5 0
/200
750kg
tickler chains :
1=1 X 220
M-O = 3 x 1 8 0
P-S = 4 x 2 2 0
0
■
»
\
+ 500
flisim dropej
/
/
weight under
water during
approvals
240 Ï
435 \
700j
(T-U =2 x 26 0
1020 kg
I
435
1810 k g )
shoe and beam
ca. 3200kg
bridle and block
ca. 550 kg
v er t. power :
/sin 1 4 °x9200k g=
/2 8 0 0
/ 480 )> 1080 kg
,2850kg
_
/-2200
(chains weared off 15% = 300 kg
from new , after 6 w eeks of fishing.)
(Kfishline is 1 2 -1 6 ° , in the South. Northsea
with dunes and stones,up to more than 20° f
2 2 0 0 kg
groundrope
chain 22 mm 0
beam
3dQ £
SIDE VIEW
'
—
BOTTOMVIEW
R
6
•
7
/ f
0
a
■7
t * •
• I• • I•ƒ
• u* •
_
c
Ú 3«
r
* * r"
wearing plates
.'■ / w earing layers (w eld ed )
^
F i g u r e 4- _ D ouble rig b ea m frawlinq
F igure 5 .
5
4
r
-
I"
4—
Interrelation engine
and gearweight.
6
7
-t—
power,
beamlengtt
8 kn
— i—
10
—H
(tonnes)
12
14
16
14
16
2000(2700)
/
kW (hp)
/
^±
1800 - (2 4 5 0 )
extra speed
withi 2 m beam
(2 1 8 0 )
»-(1900)
(1 6 3 0 )
(1 3 6 0 )
E
800
with 4 m beam
/ o
2 (m )
4
beamlength
weight per
6
8
(metres)
gear (tonnes)
10
12
codend
F igure
8
:
B eam t r a w l c h a i n m a t
ti c k l e r chains
configuration
com bined
w ith
A N N EX 1 : Details on the Belgian traw ler fleet and gears used
T able of contents
1. SU M M A R Y
2. V E S S E L DATA
3. B E A M T R A W LER S
3.1. Flatfish beam trawlers
3.1.1. Introduction
3.1.2. Results
3.1.3. Som e figures about the B elgian flatfish beam traw ler fleet
3.2.
Sm all m ultipurpose beam traw lers - inclusive eunocutters
3.2.1. Introduction
3.2.2. Results
3.2.2.1. Beam traw ling for shrim p
3.2.2.2. Beam traw ling for flatfish (sole)
3.2.2.3. O tter traw ling or pair traw ling for roundfish
4. O T T E R TR A W LER S
4.1. Introduction
4.2. R esults
4.2.1. N ephrops traw ling
4.2.2. O tter traw ling for roundfish
1. SUMMARY
The inquiry was carried out from decem ber 1991 to April 1992. The skippers/ow ners o f 60
m ultipurpose beam trawlers (<221 kW , 300 hp) and otter traw lers w ere questioned on vessel
characteristics and on gear and operational param eters. Together w ith the 79 flatfish beam traw lers
inquired for the FAR project TE 2.554 (Im proved selectivity in the N orth sea fishery - Beam traw l­
ing) in 1991, 70 % o f the Belgian trawlers have now been investigated.
The fleet
-
can be classified into three subgroups :
flatfish beam traw lers (> 220 kW , 299 hp)
m ultipurpose beam traw lers (< 221 kW , 300 hp)
otter trawlers.
For each subgroup an inquiry form was m ade up w ith questions on
gear characteristics and operational param eters.
vessel characteristics, fishing
A sum m ary o f the Belgian fleet com position, its activities, landings and revenues for 1991 is given
in table 1. The list o f harbours o f the Belgian fishery fleet is given in fig. 1.
Beam traw ling for flatfish (kW >221, 300 hp) is the m ost im portant fisheiy in B elgium . W ith 95
vessels out o f a total o f 200, they account for 83 % o f the landings (in tons ). This fleet (fig. 2)
contains the m ost m odem vessels and has the highest average engine power. Tw o groups o f m odem
vessels can be distinguished, nam ely the so called eurocutters with an engine pow er o f 221 kW , 300
hp and the larger vessels with engine pow ers between 662 kW (899 hp) and 1066 kW (1448 hp).
The vessels with engine pow ers between 221 and 662 kW are often older side traw lers w hich have
been converted into beamers. Two types o f fishing gear are used, nam ely the beam trawl rigged
w ith chain m atrices (applied on rough grounds), w hich is still the m ost im portant m ethod, and the
beam trawl rigged with tickler chains (applied on clean grounds). The two m ethods are often applied
on the sam e vessel during different periods o f the year and on different grounds, depending on
availability o f flatfish and quota regulations. Vessels using chain m atrices fish m ainly in the ICES
areas IV C and V IIadef. The ones using tickler chain gear m ostly operate in ICES areas IVbc, especially
the Germ an Bight.
Belgian shrim p trawlers have shrim p as the main target species but also fish for sole from M arch to
M ay and for roundfish, if available, in w intertim e. Shrim p landings represent only 2 % o f the total
B elgian landings (tons). N evertheless 57 vessels are active in this fishery. T hese vessels have an
average engine pow er o f 180 kW (245 hp). M ost o f the vessels are quite old and have been built in
the sixties. The gears used for shrim p are 7 or 8 m beam trawds, for sole 4 m beam traw ls with
tickler chains and for roundfish otter or pair trawls. All vessels operate within the 12 m ile zone.
The Belgian otter trawl fleet consists o f 37 vessels, m ostly side traw lers, w ith engine powers
betw een 221 and 589 kW (800 hp). O ver 65 % o f these vessels fish for N ephrops, w hich has
becom e m ore im portant during the past years because o f low roundfish stocks. 4 % o f the total
Belgian landings (tons) consist o f N ephrops. The m ain fishing grounds are the Botney G ut and
Silver Pit in ICES area IVb and the trawl used is a traditional two panel bottom trawl.
O tter traw ling for roundfish, which accounts for 12 % o f the total Belgian landings (tons), is carried
out w ith two panel bottom or semi pelagic traw ls. Som e vessels fish for roundfish all year but m ost
o f them switch to Nephrops traw ling w hen roundfish catches are low. The fishing grounds lie w ithin
the ICES areas IVbc and V IIsdef.
MA 2 . 5 4 9
In v e n t o r y 7
2. VESSEL DATA
Table 1 gives a list o f the Belgian traw ler fleet together with all relevant vessel data as length
overall (Loa), gross registered tonnage (B R T), year built, engine pow er (in kW and hp), age o f the
engine, the main fishery (b= beam traw ling, pl=otter traw ling) and the licences. Figure 1 show s the
B elgian ports and figure 2 show s the com position o f the beam traw ler fleet since 1986.
3. B E A M TR A W LER S
3.1. Flatfish beam traw lers
3.1.1. Introduction
T he skippers o f 79 vessels out o f a total o f 95 w ere questioned on vessel characteristics, fishing
gear characteristics, fishing grounds and fishing tim e, target species etc. T he inquiry was m ade
am ong the beam traw lers w ith an engine pow er >220 kW (299 hp). This m eans that the coastal
beam traw ler fleet was not included.
3.1.2. Results
A t the tim e o f the inquiry, January - A pril 1991, 58 vessels used the so called round nets equipped
w ith chain m atrices and 21 vessels used V -nets equipped with tickler chains. M ost o f the vessels
w ith V-nets only started using them in 1991, and the first to use them started halfw ay 1990.
B ecause o f im portant restrictions im posed by the D epartm ent o f A griculture (B elgium ) on the sole
catches in the N orth Sea (w here the V -nets are used to catch m ainly plaice and sole) since M ay
1991, m ost o f the vessels using V-nets sw itched to chain m atrices again to continue fishing on
rougher grounds with no catch restrictions.
T he next table gives the average tow ing speed and beam length in relation to the engine pow er for
both gear types :
kW
R-nets
V-nets
tow ing
beam
num ber o f
tow ing
beam
num ber o f
221-442
3.5
6.2
27
3.5
5.0
2
442-662
3.7
8.9
13
4.3
9.6
3
662-810
4.1
9.5
5
4.5
9.0
7
>810
5.0
11.5
13
4.5
10.5
9
MA 2 . 5 4 9
in v e n t o r y
8
O f som e vessels equipped with load cells the w eight o f the com plete gear could be given
kW
beam length (m)
w eight (tons)
221
4.5
1.8
883
10.5
5.0
905
10.5
4.5
883
11.0
4.0 (V -net)
883
11.0
5.2
883
11.4
6.0
1066
11.5
6.5
3.1.2.1. Beam trawls with chain m atrices. (58 vessels)
- M ost o f the chains used to construct the m atrices have links o f 18 nini diam eter.
- Dim ensions o f the com partm ents in
3 x 3 links (30 x
30 cm )
3 x 5 links (30 x
45 cm )
5 x 5 links (45 x
45 cm )
the chain m atrices are:
:25 vessels
:24 vessels
:9 vessels
- The chain m atrices with the 5 x 5 link configuration are used by vessels w ith alow engine
pow er (221 kW , 300 hp). The chain diam eter is sm aller, usually 14 m m , in order
to reduce
weight. This enables the tow ing o f longer beams.
- Flip-up ropes are used by 25 vessels, m ost o f which have engine pow er over 442 kW (600 hp).
- To release debris, m ore than 80 % o f the traw ls have an opening cut ju st in front o f the codend.
This is usually necessary as chain m atrices are fished on rough grounds resulting in a large
bycatch.
- N etting m aterials :
- Low er panel : 80 % o f the vessels use polyethylene, m ostly double braided. The others use
polyamide.
- U pper panel : all but one use polyethylene, single braided.
- Codend : all but one use polyethylene double braided.
- The standard m esh size in the net is 120 mm. Often, the sm aller vessels use a larger m esh
size in the net in order to reduce the resistance and to fish at a higher speed.
- The standard codend is 100 m eshes round (selvedges included) and 50 m eshes
A lm ost 80 % o f the vessels use this type. M ost o f the other ones use a shorter codend.
3.1.2.2.
long.
Beam trawls with tick ler chains. (23 vessels)
Especially the larger vessels (>662 kW , 899 hp) have changed from chain m atrices to tickler chain
gear, and this since the m iddle o f 1990. At the end o f February 1991 over 30 % o f the Belgian
MA 2 . 5 4 9
IN VE NT OR Y 9
N orth sea quota for sole w ere already caught. To prevent a prem ature exhaustion o f the quota,
landings from N orth sea fishing grounds w ere severely lim ited (25 kg sole / day) for the larger
vessels (>662 kW ) as from 25 M arch onw ards. As a result, m ost o f these vessels sw itched to chain
m atrices again to fish on other grounds. The figures given here date from shortly before this period.
- num ber o f tickler chains attached to the trawl heads : 4-8.
- N um ber o f tickler chains attached to the groundrope : 4-12.
The num ber o f tickler chains is very variable, but in general as the
the num ber o f chains.
engine pow er increases, so does
- As V-nets are only used on clean grounds, alm ost no vessels fishing w ith V -nets use flip-up
ropes, or the debris opening in the low er panel.
- N etting m aterials :
- Low er panel : 55 % use polyam ide double braided, 35 % use polyam ide single braided
and only two vessels use polyethylene double braided.
- U pper panel : 90 % use polyam ide single braided. The few others use polyethylene single
braided.
- Codend : 75 % use polyethylene double braided, 25 % use polyam ide double braided.
- The standard m esh size in the net is 120 mm.
- 70 % use a standard codend, 100 m eshes round and 50 m eshes long. The others use a
longer codend.
3.1.2.3. Fishing grounds
V essels using chain m atrices fish m ainly in the ICES areas IV C and V IIadef. H a lf o f the vessels with
engine powers <662 kW (899 hp) do not go any further than area V IId. The others often go as far as
the Irish Sea. T im e at sea varies from 8 - 1 2 days for vessels fishing close to hom e ports, and up to
1 4 - 1 6 days for the others.
The vessels using tickler chain gear operate in the clean grounds o f ICES areas IV bc, especially the
G erm an Bight. Som e o f these vessels only stay at sea for 5 days, others are at sea for 2 w eeks,
often landing in foreign ports.
3.1.3. Som e figures about the Belgian flatfish beam traw ler fleet
T able 3 shows the activities o f the B elgian flatfish beam traw ler fleet in 1990 for different HP
classes. The best returns per day fishing and per unit o f engine pow er are obtained by the 300 HP
Eurocutters.
Table 4 shows the landings o f sole, plaice, cod and w hiting. A lthough plaice and sole are the m ost
im portant species, still a lot o f cod and other species are caught by this specialised flatfish fishery.
Table 5 shows the landings in 1990 per fish species and per fishing m ethod.
Figure 2 shows the evolution o f the beam traw ler fleet com position in term s o f engine pow er
betw een 1985 and 1992.
MA 2 .5 4 9
in v e n t o r y
io
3.2. Small m ultipurpose beam trawlers - inclusive eunocutters
3.2.1. Introduction
T he skippers o f 27 m ultipurpose beam traw lers have been questioned on vessel characteristics,
fishing gear characteristics, fishing grounds and fishing tim e, target species and bycatch etc. All the
shrim p trawlers are part o f the Belgian coastal beam traw ler fleet and have engine powers < 221
kW (300 hp). 27 skippers/ow ners o f vessels out o f a total o f 57 sm all beam traw lers were ques­
tioned.
3.2.2. Results
3.2.2.1. Beam traw ling for shrim p
The average towing speed o f m ost vessels is 3 knots. The beam length used is 7 or 8 nt. All
skippers use a w arplength / depth ratio 2 on soft m uddy grounds and 3 on harder sandy grounds.
A ll vessels apply sim ilar net. The groundrope consist o f w ooden or rubber bobbins fitted on steel
axes with a diam eter varying between 16 and 22 m m . The w eight o f the groundrope, o f which the
underw aterw eight to a great extent is determ ined by the diam eter o f the axes, varies between 150
and 300 kg. Some o f the vessels with higher engine pow er use heavier groundropes in order to have
a better bottom contact. Only 25 % o f the trawls are still equipped w ith the traditional wooden
bobbin groundropes, which w ear out sooner but are less expensive. M ore and m ore vessels are
sw itching to the m odem rubber bobbins. The num ber o f bobbins on a groundrope is 28, 30 or 32,
w ith a diam eter varying betw een 17 and 20 cm. The average length o f the groundrope is 8.8 m for a
7 m beam and 10.1 m for an 8 m beam.
The weight o f the com plete gear lies between 600 and 900 kg with an average o f 750 kg, but it
m ust be kept in m ind that these values are estim ates.
T he netting m aterial for all shrim p trawls is polyam ide. The mesh size varies from 28 in front o f the
net to 22 in the codend. The dim ensions o f the codend are 200 m eshes round and 200 m eshes deep.
In order to protect the codend it is always covered with a large-m esh cover (80 mm).
The Belgian shrimp trawlers m ostly fish close to the Belgian coast, w ithin the 12 m iles zone.
V essels w hose hom eport is Antwerpen or B oekhoute also fish on the Schelde and together with
vessels from Zeebrugge som etim es fish in the Dutch 12 m iles zone. O ccasionally vessels from
N ieuw poort fish in the French 12 miles zone.
3.2.2.2. Beam traw ling fo r flatfish (sole)
M ost o f the shrim p trawlers (80 %) change to the sole fishery during the spaw ning season when
adult sole begin m igrating to the coastal nursery grounds. This seasonal fishery starts in M arch and
lasts until the end o f May. Som e vessels (30 %) continue this fishery during early sum m er. They all
then revert to shrim p traw ling again.
All shrimp trawlers are allowed to catch sole with beam traw ls w ith beam lengths over 4.5 m.
N evertheless m ost o f them use 4 m beam s. The groundrope consists o f a chain and has a length
varying between 7 and 1 1 m . The 7 or 8 m groundropes are typical for the so called round nets,
traditional beam traw ls for sole with 2, 3 or 4 tickler chains. In the traw ls w ith 1 1 m groundropes
MA 2 . 5 4 9
In
v e n t o r y
I I
(the so called V -nets) the belly has been cut away further backw ards in a V -shape and can be rigged
with m ore tickler chains. The results o f the inquiry do not show a clear relationship between length
o f the groundrope and the num ber o f tickler chains. A possible explanation is that the num ber o f
tickler chains used also depends on the type o f fishing ground. On unclean grounds less tickler
chains will be applied. The diam eter o f the links in the tickler chains varies betw een 12 and 16 m m .
The netting m aterial used is polyethylene, single braided in the top panel and m ostly double braided
in the belly o f the net. 40 % o f the nets have an overall m esh size o f 90 mm and the other 60 %
have larger m eshes (120 m m ) in the front part o f the net. The m ajority o f the fisherm en use
standard codends with 100 m eshes round and 50 m eshes deep.
3.2.2.3. O tter traw ling o r p air traw ling fo r roundfish
Betw een O ctober and February, w hen shrim p and sole catches are sm all, the roundfish fishery used
to be com m only practised, w ith cod and w hiting as the m ain target species. As roundfish stocks are
very low in the Belgian coastal w aters otter traw ling and pair traw ling have only occasionally been
practised by the coastal vessels during recent years. Still 50 % o f the skippers w ould switch to this
fishery again during w inter if stocks w ere to reach norm al levels.
For pair traw ling large four panel sem ipelagic nets w ith 60 m headline and groundrope, 25 m
w ingline and 8 to 10 m vertical netopening are used. The netting m aterial is polyam ide and the
m esh size decreases from 600 m m in the front o f the net to 400 m m , 300 m m , 150 m m , 120 mm to
90 mm in the codend. The netting for the codend is double braided polyethylene or polyam ide and
the dim ensions are standard (100 m eshes round and 50 m eshes deep). The o tter traw ls (two panel
traw ls) used have considerably varying dim ensions, w ith headline lengths betw een 10 m and 23 m,
groundrope lengths between 14 m and 28 m and m esh sizes o f 400 mm in the front part for the
larger trawls and 150 mm for the sm aller ones. T he netting m aterial is polyam ide or polyethylene
and the codends have standard dim ensions. U sually oval otter boards, m ade o f steel, are used.
4. O TT ER TRA W LERS
4.1. Introduction
T he skippers o f 25 otter traw lers have been questioned on vessel characteristics, fishing gear
characteristics, fishing ground and period, target species etc. The B elgian otter traw l fleet consists o f
37 vessels with engine pow er between 221 and 589 kW.
4.2. R esults
4.2.1. Nephrops traw ling
Due to low roundfish stocks m any otter trawders have sw itched to the N ephrops fishery in recent
years. This m eans that, together with the vessels that traditionally fish for N ephrops, over 65 % o f
the otter trawl fleet practises this fishery now. H alf o f the vessels do this all year. The other h alf
fishes for N ephrops during a shorter period (usually between A pril and Septem ber) w hen larger
N ephrops catches occur. This period cannot be clearly determ ined because skippers easily switch
betw een the roundfish and N ephrops fisheiy depending on the availability o f roundfish on the
fishing grounds.
MA 2 . 5 4 9
I NVE NT ORY 1 2
The average tow ing speed in the N ephrops fishery is 3 knots, with a m inim um o f 2.5 and a
m axim um o f 3.5 knots.
Only one type o f otter board is used, a rectangular w ooden otter board o f 430 kg and dim ensions o f
2.4 m X 1.2 m.
The Nephrops trawl is a traditional two panel bottom trawl. The headline length is quite constant
w ith an average o f 27 m. The length o f the groundrope varies m ore (betw een 31 and 38 m ) because
the efficiency o f this trawd depends very m uch on this length in relation to vessel characteristics and
engine pow'er. The central part o f the groundrope (+/- 20 m) consists o f wire rounded with netting
and rope. The rest, together with the low er bridle is m ade o f chain. The upper bridle consists o f
wire or m ixed rope. Both bridles usually have a length o f 6 to 7 m.
The netting m aterial is always polyethylene with a m esh size o f 90 mm through the w hole net. The
codend is m ade o f double braided polyethylene and has standard dim ensions (100 x 50 m eshes).
Fishing grounds visited are the Botney Gut and Silver Pit in ICES area IV b. U sually vessels stay at
sea for 12 days.
4.2.2. O tter traw ling fo r roundfish
4.2.2.1. O tter traw ling in Icelandic w aters
Three Belgian vessels are still allowed to fish in Icelandic waters. B ut this situation will end once
they are replaced by new vessels.
T ow ing speed is 4 knots. Polyvalent otter boards o f 850 kg are used. The gear is based on the
V igneron-D ahl system , has a headline length o f 26 m and a groundrope o f 42 m rigged with rubber
discs. The netting m aterial is polyethylene o f 135 or 155 mm. The codend is 8 m long w ith 70
m eshes round and consists o f double braided polyester. One seatrip takes 18 days.
Target species are cod, haddock, saithe and whiting.
4.2.2.2. O tter traw ling in ICES areas IV and VII
Only few vessels fish for roundfish all the year round. M ost o f them switch to N ephrops traw ling
when roundfish catches are small. The Belgian otter traw l fleet only counts tw o stem traw lers, the
others are side trawlers. A variety o f trawds are used, depending on vessel type (side traw ler - stem
traw ler), fishing ground, target species and light conditions on the fishing ground.
N orm al tow ing speed is 3 knots. U sually wooden rectangular otter boards are used w ith weights
betw een 400 and 500 kg. Few vessels use polyvalent otter boards o f 430 kg. All trawls used by the
side traw'lers have tw o panels and are dem ersal or sem i-pelagic. Headline lengths vary betw een 19
and 28 m and groundrope lengths vary between 27 and 38 m. The groundropes consist o f rope
rounded wire or chain and are often provided with bobbins in the central part. The traw ls are m ade
o f polyethylene netting with m esh size up to 140 mm in the front o f the traw l, decreasing to 100 or
90 mm in front o f the codend. Codends consist o f double braided polyethylene and have standard
dim ensions (100 x 50 m eshes).
The fishing grounds lie within the ICES areas IV bc and V IIadef. The m ain target species are cod,
w hiting, skate and different flatfish species.
MA 2 . 5 4 9
In v e n t o r y 13
T able 1: B elgian traw ler fleet - 31.12.90
Homeport
0
O
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
0
O
0
O
O
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
z
z
no.
20
23
29
32
33
35
51
62
64
82
87
100
101
108
110
116
124
127
129
135
137
142
148
154
172
187
190
191
192
206
211
216
225
229
231
232
274
275
279
303
306
309
316
318
333
349
369
427
431
455
468
481
494
499
500
518
520
533
552
705
5
12
14
Name
Goewind
Geoffrey William
Broodwinner
Vicky
Marbi
Torbay
Stormvogel
Seabird II
Black -Jack
St-Antoine
Nele
Emilie
Benny
Arent
Jeaninne-Margaret
Caroline
Fighter
Okeanos
Amandine
Maria Duyne
Twilight
Hermes
Snipe
Wilmar
Jean-Glenn
St. Antonius
Renilde
Natacha
Lydie-Madeleine
Krisjean-Henson
Christoph
Henri-Jeanine
Norman Kim
Roger-Jeanine
St.Carolus
Luc-Peter
Lucali
Deo Volente
Ramblers
Giri Linda
Cleaner
J.Van Maerlant
Aegir
Belgian Sailor
Marco
Lady
Koningin der Engelen
Pascal
Judith
Zeesymphonie
Aran
Bi-Si-Ti
Lucky Star
Coudekercke
De Hoop
Cutty Sark
Manuela
Virtus
Marathon
Morning Star
Drakkar
Sabrina
Brandon Star
Loa
14.31
20.14
27.20
13.50
34.80
27.20
30.58
19.11
14.00
14.50
20.04
16.80
16.80
30.28
18.01
17.00
32.23
28.75
36.00
28.00
32.50
20.00
20.60
25.94
21.10
23.99
20.91
17.00
22.15
28.00
14.60
41.43
20.60
27.00
34.60
28.00
28.00
27.00
27.20
27.20
27.20
27.00
32.32
40.00
36.01
16.55
27.00
23.00
28.00
16.50
18.70
17.00
17.00
27.70
22.60
28.12
17.00
21.00
17.53
27.20
39.00
20.80
29.00
Engine power
BRT
Year built KW
HP
Engine (yr)
25.80
1971
110
150
1967
34.50
1930
221
300
1987
99.03
1967
221
300
1967
18.44
1935
55
75
1950
226.22
1976
882
1200
1975
82.96
1961
337
458
1980
197.56
1983
662
900
1983
37.00
1963
206
280
1984
24.00
1987
110
150
1983
31.00
1987
138
188
1986
68.00
1987
220
299
1987
29.91
1964
176
240
1988
29.91
1967
184
250
1987
143.06
1968
485
660
1969
39.27
1959
193
262
1986
29.75
1961
142
193
1987
1985
259.00
882
1200
1985
130.90
1968
353
480
1989
196.66
1961
375
510
1961
100.42
1970
276
375
1970
247.00
1983
750
1984
1020
47.13
1957
191
260
1988
55.31
1957
110
150
1958
207.00
1988
518
705
1988
59.24
1955
147
200
1969
109.00
1989
211
287
1989
49.47
1963
221
300
1987
42.00
1968
176
240
1979
49.31
1957
221
300
1988
101.02
1969
268
365
1989
27.73
1971
158
215
1988
280.88
1961
551
750
1961
57.18
1957
184
250
1972
98.05
1963
265
360
1962
264.69
1981
882
1200
1980
105.75
1966
276
375
1966
121.25
1967
221
300
1967
100.96
1964
243
330
1964
89.83
1969
309
420
1979
89.83
1969
313
425
1969
98.39
1968
276
375
1967
98.39
1965
221
300
1965
336.00
1987
588
799
1986
183.47
1946
441
600
1958
329.00
1985
875
1190
1984
68.00
1989
221
300
1988
90.72
1963
313
425
1983
61.08
1964
220
299
1986
102.68
1963
367
499
1966
36.20
1964
184
250
1967
39.97
1956
132
180
1956
28.23
1960
165
225
1985
29.30
1967
176
240
1987
120.65
1968
368
500
1967
69.85
1963
215
292
1983
125.24
1969
390
530
1968
29.98
1964
129
175
1976
57.18
1965
147
200
1963
39.68
1954
1954
99
135
98.92
1971
343
466
1986
210.76
900
1957
662
1981
49.96
1966
210
285
1983
175.37
900
1973
662
1981
Page 1
EEC-list :
Fishery 55/87
3554/90
b
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Pi
Pi
b
Pi
Pi
Pi
Pi
b
Pi
Pi
X
b
X
b
b
X
b
X
b
X
b
X
X
X
X
b
b
X
b
b
b
X
X
X
b
X
X
X
X
b
b
b
b
Homeport
Z
Z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
no. Name
15 Stephanie
16 Kon-Tiki II
19 Sonja
26 De Parel
27 Mercurius
30 Westhinder
34 Northern-Sky
37 Orca
38 Manta
39 Zuiderzee
41 Pieterjan
43 Pandora
44 De Caine
46 Neptunus
47 Saturnus
48 Wodan
50 Tijl
53 Van Eyck
54 De Bounty
55 Goede Hoop
56 Orka
59 Gudrun
60 Bleu Angel
63 Thalassa
66 Nelson
67 Rubens
69 De Kaper
70 t Westdiep
72 Aquarius
76 Zeejager
78 Vertrouwen
79 Thorn
80 Silverpit
84 De Klauwaert
85 Morgenster
86 Surcouf
88 Nova Cura
89 Sandra
90 Oosthinder
91 Noordhinder
92 Lundy Gannet
93 Aalscholver
96 Jan Van Gent
97 Cleopatra
98 Op Hoop van Zegen
99 Terra Nova
105 Atlas
114 Zeeengel
121 Barentszee
122 Noordster
123 Eldorado
128 Rembrandt
134 Mercator
141 Sea Crosser
162 Van Dyck
181 Zeemeeuw
183 Christopher
185 Emerald Star
186 Shannon
189 Shamrock
196 Zeeduivel
198 Zeenimf
201 Marie -Madeleine
207 Adamtje
243 Drakkar
284 Vicky
296 Mooie Meid
Loa
BRT
Year
34.80 224.37
31.10 190.46
30.70 147.56
27.75 117.00
33.50 199.46
30.70 143.25
20.04
68.00
24.55
69.00
24.55
69.00
32.50 223.62
25.58 103.68
27.78 157.96
27.78 157.96
34.90 273.00
27.89 158.49
32.50 246.00
30.00 181.93
34.29 234.00
35.77 328.00
23.49
60.00
23.00
52.00
34.90 273.00
36.25 317.00
20.04
68.00
30.58 224.00
34.90 274.00
34.90 273.00
23.77
70.00
29.52 188.49
34.90 273.00
34.90 274.00
23.82
70.00
21.08
67.00
31.25 182.11
23.82
81.00
14.50
31.00
17.95
39.81
33.53 198.58
34.90 274.00
34.90 274.00
34.54 260.32
21.08
67.00
37.15 366.00
34.90 273.00
30.57 156.49
33.53 199.60
36.25 317.00
28.00 101.91
30.58 222.00
21.08
67.00
27.20
98.39
28.75 130.90
28.75 130.90
27.20
98.39
33.53 199.77
29.73 129.70
30.70 143.12
36.92 297.00
34.80 226.43
29.20 111.07
31.35 153.64
29.20 146.70
20.00
49.99
23.77
69.00
36.25 317.00
35.05 259.56
28.02 149.92
Engine power
EEC-list :
built KW
HP
Engine (yr) Fishery 55/87
3554/90
1975
882
1200
1985 b
1973
662
1973 b
900
1974
515
700
1973 b
1963
331
450
1969 Pi
1974
684
930
1974 b
441
600
1972
1972 b
1988
221
300
1988 b
X
1986
220
299
1986 b
X
1986
220
299
1986 b
X
1982
772
1050
1981 b
1973
276
375
1972 Pi
1980
551
750
1980 b
1979
551
750
1979 b
1983
882
1200
1983 b
1980
596
810
1980 b
1983
882
1200
1983 b
1982
662
900
1982 b
1981
662
900
1980 b
1985
880
1197
1985 b
1962
221
300
1988 b
X
1960
202
275
1978 b
X
1985
882
1200
1985 b
1988
882
1200
1987 b
1987
220
299
1986 b
X
1985
900
1984 b
662
1983
1200
1984 b
882
1986
882
1200
1986 b
1985
221
300
1985 b
X
1967
441
600
1971 b
1200
1984 b
1985
882
904
1983
1230
1984 b
1986
221
300
1986 b
X
1984
300
1988 b
221
X
1080
1981
795
1989 b
1987
300
1987 b
X
221
1987
143
195
1985 b
X
1961
104
141
1961 b
X
1982
883
1200
1982 b
1983 b
1982
882
1200
1985
882
1200
1985 b
1980
882
1200
1980 b
1986
299
220
1985 b
X
1986
880
1197
1985 b
1986
882
1200
1985 b
1970
900
1984 b
662
1975
735
1000
1975 b
1987
880
1197
1987 b
300
1964 b
1964
221
X
1983
662
900
1983 b
1985
300
1988 b
221
X
1964
375
1964 Pi
276
1966
243
330
1966 Pi
1966
243
330
1966 Pi
1964
300
1964 b
221
1974 b
1974
735
1000
1984 Pi
1965
316
430
1973
551
750
1973 b
1983
882
1200
1983 b
1975
882
1200
1975 b
1966
309
420
1965 b
1973
588
800
1973 b
368
500
1966 Pi
1967
150
1944
110
1957 b
X
X
300
1985
221
1985 b
X
1197
1988
880
1988 b
1448
1982 1065
1982 b
540
735
1980
1986 b
Page 2
Homeport
Z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
no.
300
307
319
321
324
403
430
445
447
462
470
472
474
483
484
501
502
506
507
509
510
519
526
536
548
554
568
569
571
573
576
578
580
582
583
584
586
596
597
3
22
36
40
45
49
52
57
58
73
75
95
126
152
350
402
408
525
555
563
575
590
599
700
706
708
709
719
Name
Veerman
Zeetrapper
Philadelphian
Aurora
Wielingen
Stern
Margibel
Marina
Hurricane
Zeeparel
Odin
Condor
Argo
Carolina
Fox
Asterias
Regine
Noordpool
Desiré
Telstar
Albrecht Rodenbach
White Horse
Flamingo II
Zeevalk
Flamingo
Lucky-Star II
Venus
Blauwvoet
Custos Dens
La Paloma
Ostara
Carohein
Poseidon
Asannat
Angelina
Sea Bird
Mermaid
De Zwerver
Jupiter
Frederick-Patrick
Zeester
Donia
Ravelingen
Herakles
Steve
Sea Hunter
Terry
Pascin
Katje
Sarvy
Jonas II
Skylight
Evy
Colette
De Norma
Speranza
Golfbreker
Valentino
Zee-Adelt
Francine
Horizon
Zeevogel
Alex
Ster der Zee
Ruytingen
Mardyck
Atlantic
Loa
21.08
27.20
39.87
27.20
33.60
21.00
19.62
19.00
17.12
30.70
23.82
18.70
20.50
30.70
27.20
23.97
28.12
30.70
27.40
27.20
34.90
28.32
30.70
20.50
23.82
19.20
23.97
25.00
38.90
25.20
33.21
21.00
19.80
19.80
30.70
27.40
18.00
37.09
21.00
27.20
19.00
34.60
25.58
31.35
14.00
23.90
21.15
19.35
19.60
23.75
12.68
30.24
17.50
19.94
23.78
22.70
22.60
16.60
21.00
21.00
19.80
21.00
16.80
27.20
25.58
25.58
25.00
Engine power
BRT
Year built KW
Engine (yr)
HP
69.71
1981
300
1986
221
98.39
1967
276
375
1967
264.41
1960 1064
1447
1979
80.32
1961
415
1974
565
135.10
1948
368
500
1962
55.94
1961
110
150
1961
49.23
1957
184
250
1970
41.63
1954
221
300
1985
42.25
1968
143
195
1975
140.97
1968
441
600
1987
81.00
1987
221
300
1987
39.35
1955
132
180
1989
47.78
1963
220
299
1974
143.25
1971
441
600
1984
96.36
1966
221
300
1966
98.00
1988
221
300
1988
124.13
1967
221
300
1967
143.25
1971
441
600
1986
109.29
1966
368
500
1987
86.70
1963
221
300
1982
273.00
1989
883
1200
1989
154.00
1970
386
525
1970
152.39
1968
368
500
1988
47.67
1963
165
225
1963
81.00
1988
221
300
1988
45.14
1964
140
190
1963
98.00
1988
221
300
1987
97.44
1965
221
300
1964
372.00
1989
882
1200
1989
99.02
1964
221
300
1964
182.00
1969
441
600
1988
57.84
1965
217
295
1973
48.82
1963
206
280
1969
48.82
1964
107
145
1964
142.45
1970
386
525
1969
109.29
1967
294
400
1967
38.95
1963
143
195
1980
366.00
1988
880
1197
1988
98.39
1965
221
300
1989
118.46
1974
331
450
1986
34.13
1963
216
294
1987
264.69
1981
882
1200
1980
103.68
1973
276
375
1972
148.43
1961
397
540
1961
24.00
1982
143
195
1982
93.00
1984
221
300
1986
89.00
1986
221
300
1988
66.00
1986
221
300
1987
64.00
1989
220
299
1989
89.00
1986
218
297
1986
18.00
1987
471
640
1987
132.53
1970
441
600
1981
37.00
1966
221
300
1981
61.00
1985
191
260
1985
69.96
1963
208
283
1989
69.63
1969
217
295
1976
65.80
1969
206
280
1968
29.98
1954
110
150
1954
57.18
1964
221
300
1989
56.56
1966
217
295
1983
48.82
1961
107
145
1961
58.66
1964
165
225
1987
29.91
1968
176
240
1984
89.83
1968
276
375
1968
110.22
1969
276
375
1969
110.22
1969
276
375
1969
86.59
1968
221
300
1967
Page 3
EEC-list :
Fishery 55/87
3554/90
b
x
Pi
b
b
b
b
x
X
b
X
X
b
x
X
b
x
X
b
b
x
b
X
X
b
x
X
b
b
x
b
x
x
Pi
b
b
b
X
b
b
b
b
X
X
b
X
X
b
X
X
b
X
Pi
b
Pi
b
b
X
b
X
X
Pi
b
b
b
X
X
b
Pi
Pi
b
X
b
Pi
Pi
b
X
b
X
b
X
b
X
X
Pi
b
X
s
b
b
X
b
b
b
b
b
Pi
X
b
b
b
b
X
Pi
Pi
Pi
Pi
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Homeport
N
N
N
N
N
N
B
B
BOU
K
no.
720
723
736
738
752
782
65
601
24
13
Name
André-Jeanine
Pallieter
Lucky
Johan
Ter Yde
Nancy
Artevelde
Van Maerlant
Beatrix
Morgenster
Engine power
Loa
BRT
Year built KW
HP
Engine (yr)
22.00
63.96
1963
218
297
1986
23.00
75.18
1969
221
300
1969
22.00
68.00
1969
221
300
1969
22.00
67.36
1965
221
300
1987
25.58 101.78
1971
276
375
1970
14.31
25.80
1971
110
150
1970
23.82
69.00
1986
221
300
1989
17.00
1962
99
28.93
135
1962
19.04
41.38
1964
202
275
1971
23.94
94.00
1989
218
296
1988
EEC-list :
Fishery 55/87
3554/90
b
X
Pi
b
x
b
X
Pi
b
X
x
b
X
b
X
X
b
X
X
b
X
x
SCHELDT - limited to old offshore line
Homeport
A
BOU
BOU
BOU
K
no.
2
4
6
7
8
Name
Nancy
Astrid
Anja
De Enige Zoon
Aquarium
Engine power
Loa
BRT
HP
Year built KW
Engine (yr)
21.39
50.72
1964
213
290
1964
13.85
15.67
1982
79
108
1981
16.62
29.79
1930
103
140
1973
16.67
57.00
1985
219
298
1985
21.91
56.00
1967
220
299
1983
EEC-list : I
Fishery 55/87
13554/90
b
x
x
b
x
X
b
X
x
b
X
x
b
X
x
SCHELDT - limited to new offshore line
Homeport
A
A
BOU
BOU
BOU
BOU
R
no.
9
18
10
11
28
119
21
Name
Stem
Simpie
Serena
Exodus
Annie
Josina
Twee Gebroeders
Engine power
Loa
BRT
Year built KW
HP
Engine (yr)
26.14
91.95
1953
221
300
1986
18.82
1989
44
60
1977
18.00
11.89
17.00
1984
81
110
1984
11.47
11.00
1984
110
150
1962
16.19
28.67
1932
88
120
1956
19.54
65.00
1970
229
300
1988
12.84
23.21
1932
118
160
1973
b : beam trawler
pi : otter trawler
Page 4
EEC-list :
Fishery 55/87
3554/90
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
Returns
(Bfr/day)
(%)
4800
4202
12
875
70710
68
126
69
0
548
28728
166
3873
3959
661
2
167
23527
169
514
5103
26819
29548
82
1102
118204
O ttcr trawl
-N cphrops-
33
279
340
3722
1538
4
413
54557
O thcr (**)
2
353
84
146
79
0
542
69385
212
(*)
434
10021
100
915
96436
No. o f
vessels
Engine
pow er
(K W )
O tter trawl
51
336
517
P air trawl
-cod-
14
180
Bcam trawl
-shrim p-
53
Bcam trawl
-flatfish-
Total
No. o f
cruises
Fishing
days
Landings per fishing
day (kg)
Landings
(tons)
Fishery
39622
36253
(*) Sonic vessels change th eir fishing m ethod during the year, so that these vessels have been
counted twice.
(**) Dredges, gillncts, lines
T able 1 : C om position and results o f the B elgian fishing fleets in 1990. (W elvaert, M., 1990).
n u m b e r
o f
v e s s e 1 s
H P
n u m b e r
o f
c r u i s e s
a v e r a g e
f i s h i n g
d a y s
H P
l a n d i n g s
( t o n s )
B T
l a n d i n g s
p .
f i s h i n g
d a y
( k g )
t o t a l
r e t u r n s
( m i l
B E F )
r e t u r n s
p . f i s h .
d a y
( B E F )
3 5 . 9
2 2 6 5 1
<
2 7 0
2 6
1 1 8 6
1 5 8 7
2 0 2
4 1
3 4 5
2 1 8
2 7 0
-
3 0 0
5 2
1 6 8 5
8 0 4 7
2 9 8
7 4
4 0 9 6
5 0 9
4 2 5 .
3 0 0
-
6 0 0
1 6
1 9 3
2 2 1 5 '
4 8 6
1 2 2
2 0 3 5
9 1 9
1 7 8 . 2
8 0 4 4 5
6 0 0
-
9 0 0
1 7
3 5 6
3 7 3 9
6 7 9
1 5 8
4 4 3 0
1 1 8 5
4 0 0 . 0
1 0 6 9 7 1
9 0 0
-
1 1 0 0
1 3
2 8 1
3 2 9 2
9 4 4
2 0 8
4 7 8 0
1 4 5 2
4 2 9 . 0
1 3 0 3 2 0
>
1 1 0 0
3 2
7 6 4
8 0 1 2
1 2 0 9
2 8 7
1 4 5 9 7
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1 3 9 0 . 9
1 7 3 6 0 1
1 5 4
¿ + 4 6 5
2 6 8 9 2
7 1 1
1 6 8
3 0 2 8 3
1 1 2 6
2 8 5 9 . 1
1 0 6 3 1 8
t o t a l
T a b l e
:
A c t i v i t i e s
o f
t h e
B e l g i a n
b e a m
t r a w l
f l e e t
i n
1 9 9 0 .
( W e l v a e r t ,
M . ,
1 9 9 0 ) .
1
5 2 8 2 7
H P
l a n d i n g s
o f
s o 1 e
t o n s
<
*/.
2 7 0
2 7 0
3 0 0
3 0 0
6 0 0
6 0 0
9 0 0
9 0 0
1 100
2 7
0 7 3
1 3
5 B 6
l a n d i n g s
o f
t o n s
t o n s
'/.
100
o f
1 5
1 5 8 0 1
s o l e ,
p l a i c e ,
'/.
t o n s
1 8 9
c o d
a n d
5 2
3 0
100
2 8
3 3
3 0 9 7
2 0 6
t h e
B e l g i a n
b e a m
t r a w l
100
100
22
100
21
100
3 0 2 8 3
7 2 1 2
b y
2 0 3 5
1 0 6 3
2 1 7 3
w h i t i n g
t o n s
100
8 3
5 2
t o t a l
3 2
5 2
5 5
7 9 1 8
o t h e r
3 6
9 7 7
1 5
o f
w h i t i n g
2 5 7 9
L a n d i n g s
1 9 9 0 ) .
1 2 5
l a n d i n g s
c o d
'/.
1 3
t o t a l
:
t o n s
o f
1 7 8 7
2 1 7 8
T a b l e
l a n d i n g s
p l a i c e
f l e e t
i n
1 9 9 0 .
( W e l v a e r t ,
H
o t t e r
t r • a w i
t o n s
•/.
o t t e r
1; r a w l
( N e p h r c j p s )
•/.
t o n s
p a i r
t r • a w i
( c o d
*/.
t o n s
b e a m
t r ■ a w i
( s h r in ip )
t o n s
HI
;|i
i!|
b e a m
t r - a w i
s h )
( f l a t f
•/.
t o n s
3 3
3 1 7 4
5 7
4 3 0
3 0
|||
1 5 8 0 1
9 4
-
¡I
1 0 1 7
1
0
Ul
4 6 5 9
-
-
•/.
t o n s
7 7
1
0
-
-
-
—
5 4 0
1 3 4 8
3 3
9 4
3
1 8 4
5
8
0
6 8 0
4 7
1 9 1
1 3
1 3 0
9
8
1
w h i t i n g
5 5 4
3
5 4 3
3
1 3
0
9
0
p l a i c e
3 0 3
1 6
1 8
3
-
-
-
r a y
3 0 4
4
1 1 5
3
-
-
s o l e
r e d f i s h
7 0
1 0 0
-
-
-
-
1 0
4
1
0
-
-
-
-
a n g l e r f i s h
5
5
-
-
3 4
3 3
—
6 3
-
d o g f i s h
6 3
-
p i c k e d
0
-
-
-
-
4 3 4
—
1 3
8 8
5 8
-
l e s s . s p . d o g f i s h
3
0
4 3
1
0
1 5
9 0
5
7 7 7
1 3
ru
CD
1 5 9
o t h e r
6 1
3 0
1 3
8
3
3
0
1 6
3
1
3 8
5 0 3
-
-
4 8 9
3 3
5 3
—
3
3 3
—
6 8
4 5 1 3
1 3
1 5 6 3
4
3 6 9
1
5 6 6
3
h a d d o c k
c o d
o t h e r
d e m e r s a l
.
ij !
8 3
3
8 3
1
0
9 4
1
0
0
"
3 3 6
9 6
“
Ul
4 1 9 8
f i s h
p e l a g i c
f i s h
c r u s t a c e a n s
a n d
¡1
11¿t3
m o l l u s c s
t o t a i
T a b l e
8
: L a n d i n g s
p e r
f i s h
s p e c i e s
a n d
p e r
f i s h e r y
i n
1 9 9 0 .
1
( W e l v a e r t ,
3 0 3 8 3
M . ,
8 1
1 9 9 0 ) .
9 0
4
B re s k e n s 'tß R ) (*) (Netherlands
Z eebrugge (Z.)
Kieldrecht (K.)
B oekhoute (BOU.)
Antwerpen (A.)
O o sten d e (O.)
R upelm onde (R.)
Nieuwpoort (N.)
C) : Vessels with homeport Antwerpen.Boekhoute, Kietdiecht or Rupelmonde mostly operate from the dutch harbour Breskens.
Figured : List of harbours of the B elgian fishery fleet
F i g u r e 2 : E v o l u t i o n o f t h e beam t r a w l e r f l e e t
com p osition .
180
160
I 140
</)
120
> 100
Z
0)
I
=
80
60
40
20
0
1986
1988
1990
year
A N N EX 2 : Details on the Dutch traw ler fleet and gears used
T able of contents
1. SU M M A R Y
2. A B O U T TH E PR O JE C T
3. V E S S E L DATA
4. B E A M TR A W LER S
4.1.
4.2.
4.3.
4.4.
Flatfish beam traw lers
Eurocutters
G ear data
Fishing areas
5. O T TE R T R A W LER S
6.
C O N C LU SIO N S
1. SUMMARY
T he report overview s the com position o f the N etherlands inshore traw ler fleet (cutterfleet), m ainly
fishing with beam trawls. An overview o f the w hole fleet is given in table 1 and 2. D etails are
provided on the gears used. To m ake com parison possible with the Belgian data the year 1990 w'as
selected.
Special attention was given to the im pact o f the various fishing gears. A bout 86 % o f the allocated
fishing pow er (engine pow er x seadays) is taken up by the beam trawl fishery. It is the fishing
technique with the highest bottom resistance.
The N etherlands inshore fishing fleet (1990) can be divided in the follow ing classes:
1) 220 large traw lers, all beam trawlers with an engine pow er over 800 kW (1100 hp); they m ake
84 % o f the engine pow er o f the inshore fleet. O f these vessels 98 % o f the pow er is used for
flatfish beam traw ling and 2 % for herring pair traw ling (for a part o f the year).
2) 63, usually older traw lers between 221 and 800 kW (301 and 1100 hp), m aking 4.5 % o f the
engine pow er o f the inshore fleet. O f these vessels about 60 % is used for w hitefish (and herim g)
and 40 % is used for beam traw ling for flatfish. This part is decreasing each year (see fig. 1 and
2 ).
3) 250 m ultipurpose cutters up to 220 kW (300 hp), 11.5 % o f the engine pow er o f the cutterfleet. O f these vessels about 50% are fishing for shrim p, about 7 % for w hitefish and about 40 %
m ainly for beam traw ling on flatfish.
Only the vessels belonging to class 3 are allowed to operate beam traw ls w ithin the 12-miles zone
and the plaice box.
2. A B O U T TH E PR O JECT
In the fram ework o f EEC project MA 2-549 it was agreed that the fisheries institutes o f B elgium ,
G erm any and the N etherlands should start with an inventory o f fishing vessels,active in bottom
traw ling, as a background source for the study to evaluate the environm ental im pact o f bottom gears
on benthic fauna in relation to natural resources m anagem ent and protection o f the N orth Sea.
This report is the N etherlands contribution to this part o f the above m entioned project. The report
contains data on the "cutter"-fleet only. The large stem traw lers, fishing m ainly pelagic and
sem i-pelagic, are are not dealt with.
A t present the report is based on enquiries m ade via fishing cooperatives, fisherm en's unions and
fishing gear constructors, if relevant, data from individual fisherm en were added.
MA 2 . 5 4 9
I NVE NT ORY 1 4
3. VESSEL DATA
Table 1 gives a list o f the vessels o f the Dutch offshore traw ler fleet and their hom e ports. Table 2
gives the same vessels w ith their licences, tonnage, length and engine power. From this list, showing
the vessels in decreasing pow er, it is obvious in w hich pow er range the separate licences are falling.
N early all vessels have propellem ozzles, so they have about 30 % extra pulling force when fishing.
M ostly they use fixed propellerblades, having the full m ain pow er when fishing and about 85 % o f
the m ain pow er when steam ing. This is no problem for m ost o f the vessels, w hich are overpow ered
anyhow (having m ore pow er in relation with the ship length and form than they can use w hen free
steam ing).
Table 3, 4, 5 and 6 are based on data from the N etherlands A griculture Econom ics Institute (LEIDLO). Table 3 gives the num ber o f vessels, engine capacities, age o f the vessels and crew num bers.
Table 4 shows the gross revenues o f several branches o f fishery. Table 5 shows the investm ents.
Finally table 6 gives the gross proceeds o f each class o f vessels divided into pow er-groups.
Figure 1 illustrates the different pow er-classes o f fishing vessels for the last years, figure 2 gives the
change in pow er from 1972 to 1992 and figure 3 shows the real effected efforts for the different
fishing m ethods by m ultiplying the m ain engine powers (in hp) w ith fishing days. Pair traw ling is
carried out tw ice as m uch as other trawling.
In total the offshore traw ler fleet, com posed o f beam , otter and pair traw lers, landed about 80 %
(1990) o f the total Dutch catches (see table 4).
W hen looking at the effected fishing pow erin 1990, 86 % was used for beam traw ling (see fig. 3)
and this was m ainly carried out by vesels w ith engine pow'ers over 800 kW (1100 hp).
4. B EA M TRAW LERS
4.1. Flatfish beam trawlers
Beam traw ling for flatfish is the m ost im portant sector for the fishing industry o f the N etherlands.
Beam trawlers land about 69 % o f the total Dutch sea fishery catches (1990) w ith a value o f about
Dfl 580 m illion. Looking at the catching effort (expressed in pow er x fishing tim e) beam traw lers
w'ith an engine pow er over 1100 kW (1500 hp) take 86 % o f the fishing intensity o f the N orth Sea
area, w ith a grow ing part for the beam ers w ith engine pow er over 1100 kW (1500 hp) (see figure
2 ).
In 1987 the Dutch governm ent decided to lim it the width o f the beam traw l to 12 m and to allow a
m axim um o f two fully rigged beam trawds per vessel. This now resulted in a m axim um used pow er
o f about 2200 kW (3000 hp) for the highest engine powers (up to m ore than 3000 kW ) for the
central N orth Sea. H ow ever for new' vessels to be built and new engines to be installed an additional
restriction cam e into force the sam e year lim iting the m axim um engine pow er to 1470 kW (2000
hp).
MA 2 . 5 4 9
In v e n t o r y 15
A split is m ade in northern and southern fishing areas as trawlers need gears related to the bottom
topography and surface sedim ents which is reflected in the gears in use depending on the hom e
ports o f the cutters.
From the table the follow ing com m ents can be m ade :
- It appears that the swept area per unit o f pow er for large cutters is sm aller than for the sm all
cutters.
- A possible explanation is that the hydrodynam ic com ponent in the gear resistance is larger for
larger engine pow er than for low er engine pow er, viz. 75% against 50% is a consequence o f the
higher fishing speed whereas the hydrodynam ic resistance enlarges m ore quickly than the bottom resistance.
- That the "sm aller"-sw ept area by large cutters has been disturbed by m ore and heavier ticklerchains and with a higher fishing speed.
F or the use o f the different gears see 2.2.
4.2. Eurocutters
The eurocutter derives its nam e from the EEC -funding to support the developm ent o f sm all inshore
traw lers with an engine pow er o f 150-220 kW. 166 units operate in the Dutch fisheries, in total
responsible for 7.2% o f the allocated horsepow er days (Table 1). A bout 35% o f these vessels fish
for flatfish, but the m ajority fish for shrim p. A nnex 5 gives the landings o f shrim ps. A t tim es o f
poor landings they will catch m ore round- and flatfish. W ith special licenses they are still allowed
to fish with 12 m beam traw ls. The flatfish eurocutters, operating within the 12 m ile lim it, are
restricted to a m axim um beam size o f 4.5 m.
It is im portant that this group is lim ited and that the individual 300 hp lim it is not exceeded because
o f the nursery function o f the 12 m iles zone and the plaice box.
4.3. G ear data
A com parison is m ade o f the contact w ith the bottom o f the chains for different types o f gear, as the
chains (tickler chains and/or chainm ats) are the m ost im portant com ponents o f the gear in direct
contact w ith the bottom. F or the inshore beam traw l (beam length 4.5 m ) and standard beam traw l
(12 m ) it can be estim ated that 80% and 90% respectively o f the swept area com e in contact with
these gear parts.
There is a relationship betw een bottom type and the w eight, num ber and diam eters o f the chains.
The heaviest gears (m ore and heavier chains) are used on hard bottom s. On a m uddy - soft - bottom
only a few chains are used, otherw ise the gear w ould get stuck into the bottom due to excessw eight.
A lso small ticklerchains are m uch higher on these grounds. This explains w hy the fishing gear o f
e.g. the Urk fleet (UK), fishing in the eastern part o f the southern and central N orth Sea (sm ooth
and even fishing grounds) are on average m uch lighter than those o f the Katw ijk fleet (kW ), w hich
MA 2 . 5 4 9
I NVE NT ORY 1 6
operates m ore in the south-w estern part o f the North Sea where small sandw aves occur.
The so-called flip-up rope is used on ground with boulders and stones; for fishing areas see fig. 4.
W here stones could be caught by the nets, fisherm en will use chainnets, squares about 30 x 30 cm,
and som etim es additional ticklers if the engine pow er is high enough.
The w arplength-depth ratio is related to the bottom type . The m uddier, and hence softer the bottom ,
the less warp is run out, so that the warp can be retrieved quicker if the gear becom es stuck.
W arplength also influences the bottom pressure o f the traw lhead (trawl shoes). If the gear w eight is
recorded it should be noted that to m aintain bottom contact the w eight o f the gear (all the m etal
parts, e.g. beam, shoes, sprot) on bottom is the total w eight o f the gear (emersed in w ater), m inus
the vertical vector. Variance in tow ing force is up to about 50% o f the average tow ing force at B f 4
to 5.
The netm aterial is polyam ide for the top panel o f the net and also polyam ide for the low er panel,
but heat treated for the aftend, otherw ise the m aterial takes up sand and the m esh length shortens.
4.4. Fishing areas
The m ain fishing areas are given in Figure 4a for the use o f different gears and Figure 4b-d for the
m ean frequency o f fishing. In these areas fisherm en often have their favourite traw ltracks to which
they regularly return. Shallow s are cleared out by continually fishing in the sam e area. A regular
return to such a place m akes sense as in tim e fish will again aggregate in it. So it m ay be that at
som e localities the fishing frequency is m ore than 10 tim es/year and others once a year or not at all.
5. R O U N D FISH TR A W LER S
A sm all num ber o f traw lers concentrate on roundfish only (gadoids as cod, w hiting, saith). Several
traw lers, how ever, are m ultipurpose vessels. The Dutch fishery consists o f about 60 o f these
roundfish trawlers. A bout 75% o f these vessels have an engine pow er o f 222-810 kW (300-1100
hp), in general these are older vessels. In all the roundfish traw lers in total use up to 9% o f the
horsepow er days (Table 1) allocated to the fishing fleet. The breakdow n is 42% pairtraw ling, 16%
ottertraw ling and 37% beam traw ling. The rem aining 4% o f the efforts goes to pairtraw ling for
herring. Several roundfish traw lers belong to the category "Eurocutters", and are therefore very
sm all trawlers.
MA 2 . 5 4 9
inventory
17
6. CONCLUSION S
O f the Dutch inshore fishery about 86 % o f the fishing effort (pow er x tim e) is taken up by the
beam traw l fishery for flatfish (fig. 3).
W hen investigating environm ental effects o f beam traw ls it should be noted that each specific
fishing ground (sand, m ud, gravelly sand, stones etc.) is fished by a beam traw l rigged for that type
o f fishing ground.
Also it is not sure that all fishery efforts are general divided per ICES quadrant. R esearch to that
subject is going on. A fter that m aybe m ore details o f used gears are requested.
Special attention was focused on the sw ept area o f the various fishing powers. This m ight explain to
a greater extent that com paratively large cutters catch less than sm all cutters. H ow ever, as sm aller
cutters have a high investm ent per unit o f pow er and a relatively large crew, the financial optim um hence the optim um size fishing unit - is not to be found among the sm allest cutters.
MA 2 . 5 4 9
I NVENTORY 1 8
ANNEX 2
Table
ship
ARM 4
ARM 7
ARM 2 0
ARM 4 4
ARM 1 5
ARM 1 8
ARM 1 7
ARM 2 2
ARM 2 5
ARM 4 6
BR 1 4
BR 5 7
BR 1 8
BR 4 3
BR 7
BR 10
BR 1 5
BR 2 5
BR 3 0
BR 3 5
BR 4 5
BR 4 7
BR 2 9
BR 5 0
BR 19
BR 2 3
BR 3 7
BR 2 4
BRU 12
DZ 7
DZ 3
DZ 2
DZ 5
DZ 1
EH 1 2
GO 2 2
GO 31
GO 1
GO 2 6
GO 2 8
GO 3 8
GO 5
GO 5 9
GO 1 9
GO 9
GO 2 5
GO 41
GO 8
GO 1 1
GO 2 0
GO 3 2
GO 44
GO 2 3
GO 1 8
GO 3
GO 2 7
GO 3 6
GO 1 4
GO 3 0
GO 6
GO 1 6
GO 4 0
GO 3 7
GO 5 5
GO 7
GO 4 8
GO 5 6
GO 4
GO 2 4
GO 2 9
by
87
87
86
85
88
85
87
81
85
84
87
86
88
83
87
67
82
67
68
81
86
64
67
60
61
29
53
48
75
59
61
49
21
27
86
87
86
83
83
86
82
82
84
74
84
75
84
89
89
88
89
90
87
74
81
72
74
81
80
73
74
80
73
74
73
79
74
80
75
79
BRT
483
483
467
467
494
547
479
347
69
70
480
469
399
391
66
39
69
67
64
83
70
49
46
36
37
36
31
22
243
38
45
28
21
25
48
480
481
404
407
362
391
298
328
302
259
301
341
349
313
349
355
326
263
268
266
222
234
236
203
209
177
211
203
198
208
228
220
196
205
62
Loa
kW
45.68 2 8 2 0
4 5 .6 8 2 8 2 0
45.39 2 8 2 0
45.54 2 6 4 7
4 5 .5 6 2 5 7 4
45.51 2 4 2 3
4 3 .7 0 2 2 0 6
3 9 .9 8 1 7 6 5
2 4 .4 5
221
2 3 .7 3
221
4 5 .6 8 2 8 2 0
45.54 2 7 9 4
4 0 .2 0 2 2 0 6
4 0 .2 0 17 6 5
2 2 .3 0
221
18.56
221
2 3 .9 2
221
22 .5 0
221
2 1 .5 8
221
2 4 .4 5
221
20.34
221
2 1 .1 0
221
19.68
220
17.26
191
18.36
165
18.54
165
16.50
157
14.30
151
3 7 .4 0 1 0 2 9
19.75
176
18.31
174
17.75
128
17.44
85
16.34
74
19.57
140
4 5 .6 0 2 8 6 8
4 5 .6 8 2 6 2 5
4 2 .0 0 1 9 8 5
4 2 .0 0 1 9 8 5
42.44 1 9 8 5
40.20 1 9 8 5
4 0 .4 0 1 7 6 5
3 9 .3 8 1 7 6 5
3 6 .6 0 1 6 6 5
3 5 .7 9 1 6 0 3
3 6 .6 8 1 4 8 9
4 0 .1 3 1 4 8 9
3 9 .0 6 1471
3 9 .0 0 1471
3 9 .4 5 1471
3 9 .5 3 1471
3 9 .0 2 1471
3 5 .7 9 1 4 4 9
42 .8 9 1 2 8 7
37 .0 5 1 103
37 .4 0 1 1 0 3
35.34 1 103
3 6 .0 5 1 0 4 8
34 .1 8 1 0 4 8
32 .4 9 1 0 2 9
29 .1 7 1 0 2 9
3 3 .8 6 1 0 2 9
3 4 .0 0
993
3 4 .0 0
985
2 3 .9 9
956
3 4 .4 0
934
3 3 .8 7
912
3 3 .8 6
908
3 2 .0 0
735
23 22
221
nr
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
1 02
103
104
1 05
1 06
1 07
108
109
1 10
111
112
1 13
1 14
1 15
1 16
117
118
1 19
1 20
121
122
1 23
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
1 34
135
136
137
138
139
140
ship
GO 3 3
GO 5 7
GO 5 8
GO 131
GO 5 2
HA 7 5
HA 106
HA 5 0
HA 1 1
HA 61
HA 4 4
HA 13
HA 14
HA 3 9
HA 4 1
HA 6 2
HA 8
HA 2 9
HA 6
HD 2 3
HD 2 4
HD 6 4
HD 3
HD 21
HD 2 2
HD 2 7
HD 8 0
HD 4
HD 7
HD 3 6
HD 2 2 5
HD 2 2 6
HD 3 8
HD 3 0
HD 9 6
HD 2 0 2
HD 16
HD 2 6
HD 34
HD 7 0
HD 18
HD 6 7
HD 6 3
HD 19
HD 2 8
HD 5
HD 9
HD 14
HD 3 2
HD 5 7
HD 6 5
HD 175
HD 4 5
KG 2
KG 5
KG 6
KG 7
KG 9
KG 12
KG 14
KW 8 8
KW 3 4
KW 4 2
KW 3 5
KW 3 6
KW 2 2
KW 4 5
KW 145
KW 12
KW 1 1
by
84
87
84
80
62
64
84
67
8
88
47
60
48
12
89
5
88
29
27
88
87
88
88
87
82
85
84
85
84
87
80
82
73
83
75
79
79
74
75
74
73
72
68
58
59
54
64
59
90
74
90
88
26
81
90
88
80
85
54
86
87
87
88
83
83
81
82
90
74
74
BRT
63
58
65
83
28
50
69
41
45
40
41
36
30
35
51
43
51
24
36
492
404
448
44 1
401
398
402
313
300
336
320
345
342
247
285
260
269
255
259
221
259
190
165
113
89
89
51
70
50
130
70
121
41
16
70
104
77
84
69
70
67
483
472
476
432
433
296
326
405
207
219
page
fleet
Loa
19.51
2 0 .3 4
2 2 .3 7
2 3 .8 5
17.83
19.56
2 4 .0 6
18.22
2 3 .0 0
2 0 .1 5
2 1 .9 0
18.02
17.66
19.00
2 0 .2 0
19.58
2 0 .2 0
17.46
19.55
4 5 .6 8
4 0 .2 0
4 2 .8 5
4 2 .8 5
4 0 .2 0
4 0 .2 0
4 0 .2 0
4 1 .0 8
4 0 .4 0
4 0 .2 5
3 9 .9 0
4 0 .0 0
4 0 .1 3
3 9 .1 9
30.81
3 7 .1 0
3 6 .2 8
3 7 .1 4
3 7 .1 0
3 5 .1 0
3 7 .0 0
3 5 .5 6
3 2 .8 4
3 1 .7 4
2 7 .5 4
2 5 .6 9
19.55
2 4 .9 5
19.50
2 4 .0 0
2 2 .3 9
2 4 .0 0
2 0 .5 0
16.20
2 4 .4 5
2 3 .1 3
2 3 .5 4
2 4 .4 5
2 3 .0 2
2 2 .9 6
2 3 .3 4
4 5 .6 0
4 5 .5 4
4 3 .7 0
4 3 .4 5
4 3 .2 9
3 9 .3 0
4 2 .8 5
4 0 .2 0
3 4 .4 4
3 4 .7 6
1
kW
221
221
221
221
134
22 1
221
165
158
156
143
135
134
134
134
126
125
124
116
2941
2169
2169
1765
1765
1765
1765
1765
1676
1618
1471
1471
1471
1397
1324
1287
1 132
1 103
1 103
1 103
1 103
908
908
518
368
368
221
221
221
221
221
221
162
77
221
22 1
221
221
221
221
221
2818
2625
2206
2059
2059
1544
1471
1471
1103
1007
per
nr
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
15 9
160
161
162
163
164
16 5
166
167
16 8
169
17 0
171
172
173
174
17 5
17 6
177
17 8
17 9
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
19 2
19 3
194
19 5
19 6
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
3 1 .1 2 .9 0
sh ip
KW 189
KW 5
KW 4
KW 6 3
KW 191
KW 7
KW 137
KW 173
KW 125
KW 7 7
KW 24
KW 7 2
KW 144
KW 13 2
KW 3 7
LE 6 2
LE 64
LE 6 3
LO 7
LO 8
LO 2 0
LO 14
LO 5
LO 10
LO 2
LO 4
LO 1 5
LO 2 6
NZ 12
NZ 21
NZ 1
OD 1
OD 3 6
OD 50
OD 1 7
OD 8
OD 6
OD 5
OD 9
OD 1 8
OD 7
OD 3
OL 26
OL 5
OL 6
OL 3 7
SCH 2 8
SCH 10
SCH 2 5
SCH 4 3
SCH 6 4
SCH 6 5
SCH 6 0
SCH 3 6
SCH 6 6
SL 7
SL 12
SL 4 5
SL 3
SL 6
SL 9
SL 42
SL 16
SL 22
ST 4
ST
ST 10
ST 21
TH 4 3
TH 24
o
CM
nr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
1 : Dutch i n s h o r e t r a w l e r
by
73
72
63
73
61
61
81
64
63
57
59
82
65
51
60
82
82
81
87
51
87
21
27
22
47
34
26
23
50
60
31
89
80
76
73
75
87
90
84
89
69
49
67
49
13
23
73
68
85
57
68
68
62
68
49
83
83
83
80
86
84
86
48
38
49
90
60
87
86
68
BRT
215
174
169
146
192
129
163
131
136
120
80
69
50
70
42
406
418
346
69
62
47
36
27
51
23
17
46
26
23
22
23
347
296
248
207
175
209
53
70
62
70
26
70
45
32
40
128
70
56
85
76
64
41
20
40
259
278
261
194
70
70
70
22
36
35
42
27
42
328
97
Loa
37 .9 5
34 .1 5
34 .7 4
2 8 .9 0
3 3 .6 0
2 6 .8 0
2 6 .5 0
3 0 .7 2
2 8 .0 9
2 7 .4 6
2 4 .9 2
2 1 .7 0
2 1 .0 5
2 4 .8 0
18.16
4 0 .2 0
4 2 .0 0
3 9 .9 4
2 2 .9 7
2 2 .9 7
19.60
21.61
18.76
2 3 .3 4
13.20
11.22
18.60
18.43
15.30
15.35
14.92
3 9 .0 6
3 9 .9 3
3 4 .5 4
3 3 .0 0
32.51
33.04
2 0 .5 7
2 4 .4 4
2 0 .3 0
2 3 .9 9
14.00
2 3 .7 5
16.92
17.19
2 0 .5 4
29.91
2 2 .4 7
18.57
2 6 .7 8
2 2 .2 6
2 4 .3 2
17.58
12.70
17.90
3 5 .7 9
3 9 .5 2
3 5 .7 9
3 0 .5 5
2 5 .0 0
2 2 .4 3
2 5 .0 0
15.45
15.75
17.02
19.99
17.29
17.81
3 9 .3 8
2 6 .2 4
kW
993
908
728
662
597
588
588
445
441
386
368
2 21
2 21
220
17 5
1985
1654
1471
2 21
2 21
18 8
128
12 5
124
103
99
97
94
1 14
99
83
1471
1324
1 103
1048
882
662
221
2 21
221
220
188
221
188
134
134
588
221
221
221
221
221
202
121
104
1324
1324
1324
904
221
221
221
134
12 5
18 8
184
175
132
2000
478
Fleet per
nr
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
sh ip
TH 4 5
TH 5
TH 7
TH 10
TH 15
TH 2 5
TH 3 5
TH 3 6
TH 4 2
TH 61
TH 41
TH 16
TH 2 6
TM 3 0
TM 9
TM 16
TM 8
TM 19
TS 3
TS 6
TS 9
TS 2
TS 7
TX 3 6
TX 6 6
TX 4 3
TX 4
TX 94
TX 3 3
TX 2
TX 1
TX 4 8
TX 1 9
TX 5
TX 14
TX 34
TX 37
TX 3 8
TX 4 9
TX 6 8
TX 2 1
TX 9
TX 2 2
TX 2 9
TX 52
TX 56
TX 7
TX 12
TX 2 7
TX 4 1
TX 18
TX 5 0
TX 30
TX 88
TX 10
TX 1 1
TX 2 5
UK 104
UK 156
UK 6 8
UK 2 6 8
UK 1
UK 141
UK 2 9 2
UK 4 4
UK 155
UK 161
UK 162
UK 179
UK 3 3
by
67
85
83
90
45
84
84
69
85
81
32
2
5
63
10
63
62
21
88
32
58
83
14
88
85
87
84
84
87
84
74
83
90
79
74
74
80
83
83
80
75
73
74
80
82
82
63
64
89
62
66
85
6
90
82
28
79
87
88
87
86
88
75
75
84
84
81
81
80
87
BRT
98
69
69
17 5
54
69
67
68
69
84
36
43
29
153
37
39
30
38
58
32
33
30
22
402
374
398
391
313
302
336
297
295
422
267
265
242
345
360
262
266
263
230
175
212
98
98
44
70
56
70
47
63
34
35
Loa
kW
2 6 .1 9
449
22.97
221
24 .3 0
221
2 2 .9 7
221
21.51
221
24 .3 0
221
22 .7 5
221
2 2 .4 6
221
2 4 .4 5
221
2 3 .9 5
221
16.80
151
2 3 .2 6
1 34
19.52
74
3 3 .0 0
221
2 2 .8 0
202
18.50
188
16.95
175
2 2 .3 5
103
18.99
156
2 0 .4 4
115
19.00
1 13
16.14
100
16.77
97
4 0 .2 8 2 2 0 6
4 4 .1 0 2 1 6 9
4 0 .2 8 2 1 3 2
4 0 .2 0 1 9 8 5
4 1 .0 8 1 7 6 5
4 0 .4 0 1 6 8 0
4 0 .6 5 1 6 6 5
4 0 .8 0 1 6 4 7
4 0 .4 0 1 5 0 0
4 2 .0 0 1471
3 6 .2 8 1 3 9 7
36.11 1 3 9 7
3 8 .1 7 13 2 4
4 0 .0 0 1 3 2 4
3 9 .9 6 13 2 4
3 8 .3 3 1 3 2 4
3 6 .4 8 13 2 4
3 6 .7 5 1 176
3 4 .4 0 1 0 6 6
2 9 .2 3 1 0 4 4
3 5 .3 4
956
2 2 .5 5
441
2 2 .5 5
382
2 1 .7 4
221
2 2 .9 0
221
2 3 .9 5
221
2 4 .8 9
221
19.41
206
19.45
188
19.57
176
18.30
174
2 9 .0 0
134
3 6 2 3 .3 8
125
2 4 14.55
74
4 3 0 4 5 .0 2 2 3 9 7
4 3 0 4 5 .0 2 2 3 9 7
3 7 0 4 2 .4 4 2 0 0 0
3 6 8 4 2 .4 4 2 0 0 0
4 3 4 4 2 .7 0 1 8 3 8
31 1 4 0 .2 8 1 8 1 6
3 1 9 4 1 .3 0 1 7 7 9
411 4 2 .0 0 1 7 6 5
411 4 2 .0 0 1 7 6 5
351 39 .9 4 1 7 6 5
3 4 6 39.94 1 7 6 5
3 4 9 39 .9 4 1 7 6 5
3 5 3 3 9 .3 8 1 7 5 0
nr
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
31 1
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
ship
UK 6 7
UK 3 6 6
UK 281
UK 1 6
UK 9 5
UK 9 7
UK 2 2 6
UK 71
UK 3 1 7
UK 5 3
UK 2 5 3
UK 8 7
UK 6 4
UK 41
UK 4 3
UK 61
UK 91
UK 105
UK 133
UK 1 5 3
UK 1 6 5
UK 1 6 8
UK 2 3 7
UK 2 8 7
UK 3 0 0
UK 3 8 3
UK 9 8
UK 2 0 8
UK 4
UK 19
UK 3 4
UK 4 2
UK 6 3
UK 7 3
UK 8 8
UK 1 4 3
UK 1 5 2
UK 1 54
UK 1 7 2
UK 1 8 3
UK 1 9 5
UK 3 6 5
UK 3 6 7
UK 3 6 8
UK 2 1 7
UK 1 7
UK 2 2 4
UK 194
UK 6 6
UK 167
UK 184
UK 2 0 2
UK 2 8 2
UK 2 8 3
UK 2 8 4
UK 2 4 6
UK 4 5
UK 2 0
UK 13 6
UK 2 4 3
UK 6 9
UK 9 2
UK 188
UK 2 2 2
UK 2
UK 5 9
UK 197
UK 18
UK 1 14
UK 127
by
82
87
87
82
82
83
83
74
80
87
83
83
83
75
89
88
81
74
89
90
79
89
81
74
80
90
81
82
74
82
81
79
85
72
74
80
80
80
81
81
81
79
83
75
81
72
80
88
74
74
81
80
81
83
80
80
73
74
74
73
73
73
74
73
73
74
73
70
73
72
1-1-1991
BRT
361
454
340
421
378
282
390
283
315
360
337
298
390
267
403
352
345
264
375
363
298
454
372
286
284
384
294
294
260
297
277
326
295
228
254
344
300
300
283
293
282
250
319
265
282
243
266
242
219
218
264
265
264
264
277
270
248
201
221
255
210
199
246
213
280
2 51
174
153
215
194
page 2
Loa
4 3 .0 9
4 3 .9 7
4 2 .0 5
4 0 .7 2
4 0 .7 4
3 9 .5 8
4 0 .8 2
3 9 .1 5
4 0 .8 2
4 0 .7 3
3 9 .3 8
4 0 .4 0
4 0 .8 2
4 0 .3 0
4 0 .2 0
4 0 .2 0
4 0 .0 0
36.81
4 0 .7 3
40.11
3 9 .9 2
4 3 .9 7
3 9 .1 3
3 8 .2 0
3 9 .6 2
4 1 .7 8
3 8 .7 7
3 8 .7 7
4 0 .2 4
3 9 .5 5
3 7 .3 9
4 1 .2 0
3 8 .7 5
3 7 .8 5
3 9 .8 3
4 0 .0 0
3 9 .8 6
3 9 .8 6
3 8 .2 5
3 8 .7 7
38.71
3 9 .1 0
4 2 .5 0
3 8 .9 8
3 8 .2 3
4 6 .4 8
36.51
3 6 .3 0
3 3 .9 9
3 4 .0 5
3 6 .5 4
36.51
3 6 .5 4
3 6 .5 4
3 6 .5 2
36.51
3 8 .7 6
3 3 .2 4
3 4 .9 4
3 5 .5 0
3 1 .9 9
3 4 .0 0
3 4 .5 8
3 8 .0 4
4 0 .3 8
3 4 .7 5
3 2 .9 2
3 1 .5 2
3 4 .1 2
3 3 .9 2
kW
1750
1739
1676
16 5 4
1654
16 5 4
16 5 4
1618
1618
1570
1507
1500
1489
1471
1471
1471
1471
1471
1471
1471
1471
1471
1471
1471
1471
1471
1397
1397
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
1324
13 2 4
1265
1176
1 176
1118
1 103
1 103
1 103
1 103
1103
1103
1 103
1 102
1055
1048
1029
1029
956
956
956
949
912
912
908
890
882
882
nr
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
41 1
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
sh ip
UK 164
UK 1 75
UK 1 93
UK 2 3 2
UK 3 0 8
UK 3 6
UK 3 7
UK 1 76
UK 3 2
UK 3 8
UK 177
UK 51
UK 8 9
UK 149
UK 158
UK 132
UK 142
UK 2 8 9
UK 5 2
UK 159
UK 3 0 7
UK 137
UK 3 3 3
UK 7
UK 2 4 7
UK 4 8
UK 135
UK 145
UK 2 2
UK 2 1 6
UK 1 7 0
UK 6
UK 1 86
UK 1 8 9
UK 2 3 3
UK 2 3 4
UK 2 4 4
UK 1 6 0
UK 1 46
UK 144
UQ 7
UQ 1
UQ 10
UQ 1 6
UQ 3
UQ 17
UQ 4
UQ 6
UQ 8
VD 54
VD 19
VD 7 7
VD 18
VD 1 2 8
VD 3 2
VD 6
VLI 2 7
VLI 2 6
VLI 2 5
VLI 2 8
VLI 6
VLI 7
VLI 1
VLI 2
VLI 8
WK 1 1 9
WL 5
WL 3
WL 21
WL 10
by
69
72
74
73
74
73
72
75
71
68
80
70
72
68
82
68
69
62
69
67
71
67
59
63
66
67
82
82
81
66
61
85
85
64
60
56
81
55
79
59
38
23
29
74
23
11
10
54
13
67
72
59
85
63
64
84
87
82
80
88
86
81
71
71
85
83
87
88
46
76
BRT
220
19 2
238
232
16 6
16 7
16 7
18 9
16 3
11 9
16 2
164
105
123
180
116
140
129
132
0
100
111
80
80
80
133
97
97
92
79
80
69
70
69
51
70
84
44
40
21
40
35
33
35
22
43
34
11
28
98
102
77
67
60
64
70
48 1
406
345
313
31 1
267
171
169
70
70
62
55
41
19
Loa
3 4 .1 2
3 3 .9 6
3 3 .9 5
3 4 .2 4
2 9 .3 6
3 2 .2 5
3 2 .2 5
3 3 .6 2
3 2 .8 8
3 0 .1 9
3 0 .0 5
3 0 .6 0
29 .7 4
3 0 .2 9
2 9 .1 6
2 9 .4 2
3 0 .1 5
2 6 .9 7
2 9 .2 5
3 0 .2 0
2 5 .0 6
2 7 .8 9
23.71
2 5 .5 0
2 4 .1 5
2 8 .6 0
2 4 .9 3
2 4 .9 3
24 .5 4
2 5 .1 0
2 5 .1 6
2 2 .8 2
2 4 .4 4
2 4 .6 0
2 0 .2 7
2 3 .0 7
2 4 .4 5
18.94
17.57
15.00
18.53
19.96
18.79
15.55
16.18
2 1 .8 0
19.00
12.74
19.10
2 6 .0 4
2 6 .1 9
2 3 .7 5
2 2 .3 7
2 3 .8 0
2 5 .4 5
2 3 .9 5
4 5 .6 8
4 0 .2 0
4 0 .0 0
3 9 .0 0
3 8 .0 6
32.51
3 1 .9 0
32.91
2 4 .4 5
2 3 .8 4
2 0 .3 4
19.64
1 7.98
20.41
kW
882
882
882
882
827
746
746
735
706
662
662
588
588
588
588
551
529
529
518
515
488
441
397
390
382
368
368
368
317
316
265
221
221
221
221
221
221
1 69
134
118
184
1 49
1 47
147
1 43
121
110
110
94
465
441
313
221
220
206
1 88
2820
1985
1471
1471
1324
1324
901
882
221
221
221
155
134
132
Fleet per 1-1-1991
nr
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
sh ip
18
WL
4
WL
15
WL
WL
2
8
WL
WON 2 4
WON
2
WON 2 9
WON 7 7
WON 4 3
47
WR
WR 109
WR 2 2 4
WR 16 0
48
WR
67
WR
76
WR
WR
1
WR 2 1 0
19
WR
WR
51
WR 1 1 5
WR
12
WR
17
20
WR
WR
21
WR
22
WR
23
34
WR
44
WR
WR
54
WR
60
WR
68
WR
71
WR 10 8
WR 1 2 2
WR 1 2 8
WR 129
WR 136
WR 174
WR 2 1 3
WR 2 4 8
WR
15
WR
57
WR 2 2 2
WR
3
WR
10
WR
72
WR
77
WR
88
WR
2
WR
29
WR 2 4 4
WR
27
WR
75
WR
98
WR
89
WR
36
WR 10 6
WR 12 3
WR 171
WR
24
WR 1 0 2
WR 10 7
WR 131
WR
16
52
YE
138
YE
139
YE
76
YE
Loa
b y BRT
78
2 4 14 55
24
3 7 19 77
24
2 2 16 55
31 18 59
27
27
2 7 19 36
90
7 9 22 06
44
7 0 23 95
49
2 2 14 99
61
2 4 19 05
47
2 8 17 32
7 4 2 7 0 36 12
7 2 1 6 5 32 76
6 4 1 2 3 31 80
63
7 4 23 46
68
9 8 26 19
6 7 1 3 6 30 95
6 2 1 16 29 83
60
9 0 25 69
59
7 9 24 55
6 9 1 0 3 26 98
58
7 8 24 02
62
5 9 24 88
84
4 7 19 98
68
7 0 22 47
63
7 0 24 60
55
5 8 22 99
56
7 0 24 69
87
7 0 24 69
82
7 0 24 45
38
6 8 24 00
84
51 19 00
63
5 8 24 80
60
5 0 21 90
60
4 1 17 89
65
7 0 24 64
62
5 4 24 66
66
4 7 19 15
63
6 9 24 30
60
7 0 24 92
64
7 0 23 85
62
4 8 21 96
61
7 0 23 70
60
7 0 23 75
89
5 3 20 35
58
8 2 24 0 3
61
3 6 18 14
83
5 3 20 55
11
4 2 21 00
66
3 9 17 88
62
6 0 21 25
4 1 18 62
69
63
5 0 21 06
61
51 21 91
64
4 1 19 03
4 1 17 74
60
61
3 2 18 07
67
31 17 26
57
2 9 18 02
60
4 1 21 25
51
2 4 19 86
99
4 6 22 13
51
3 3 20 60
51
2 8 17 .78
61
3 6 18 .14
61
16 14 .0 0
78
2 4 14 .5 5
83
6 9 24 .1 2
87
6 9 24 73
85
7 0 25 09
6
6 7 26 06
kW
11 2
11 0
107
10 6
92
221
220
136
121
113
1324
904
625
466
456
441
44 1
397
382
360
338
325
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
221
220
220
220
214
188
188
188
188
188
184
184
17 6
176
176
175
169
134
134
125
1 18
118
118
74
71
22 1
22 1
221
151
by
15
74
80
86
87
85
86
59
50
65
80
53
85
84
57
88
60
88
83
57
63
11
64
88
5
63
63
64
82
58
27
84
26
7
50
32
24
59
47
79
25
23
24
nr
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
51 1
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
s hip
31
YE
YM 44
YM
11
YM 2 0 3
YM 2 0 4
YM 2 0 5
YM 2 0 6
YM 1 54
6
YM
YM
18
YM 2 5
YM
8
YM
9
YM 3 4
YM 31
ZK
57
ZK
87
ZK
52
ZK
14
ZK
40
ZK
49
ZK
12
ZK
48
ZK
2
ZK
33
ZK
44
ZK
23
ZK
5
9
ZK
ZK
15
18
ZK
ZK
54
ZK
11
35
ZK
ZK
31
ZK
3
ZK
21
ZK
8
17
ZK
4
ZK
ZK
7
ZK
46
ZZ
16
BRT
60
246
285
390
390
339
339
166
64
70
50
50
55
55
50
420
94
25
55
70
49
32
60
54
31
39
49
40
60
35
24
45
29
21
24
33
38
26
22
22
25
33
45
nr
= number
by
= year of building
Loa
2 5 .1 5
3 8 .9 7
3 8 .9 2
3 9 .8 9
3 9 .8 9
3 4 .2 3
3 4 .2 3
3 0 .6 8
2 2 .0 0
2 5 .2 0
1 7 .6 0
1 8 .2 2
1 9 .4 9
1 9 .5 0
2 0 .0 3
4 2 .1 0
2 5 .6 6
1 3 .9 9
1 9 .9 8
2 4 .6 3
2 1 .0 6
2 4 .1 8
2 4 .7 2
2 0 .2 5
2 0 .4 5
1 9 .0 2
2 1 .0 5
1 9 .0 3
1 8 .0 3
1 7 .7 4
1 7 .4 0
1 8 .0 0
2 0 .5 8
1 8 .4 8
1 5 .7 6
2 0 .7 0
2 1 .4 6
1 7 .2 0
1 6 .8 2
1 5 .2 0
1 8 .1 5
2 1 .3 6
2 8 .1 4
BRT = Bruto Register Tonnage
Loa = lengh over all
kW = kilo W atts mainpower
page 3
kW
147
1323
1250
1 10 2
1 10 2
882
882
551
260
221
220
202
165
16 4
15 4
1471
397
240
221
221
220
218
206
188
176
174
173
169
162
160
138
138
134
13 4
124
121
1 18
113
113
96
96
92
129
List of harbours of the Dutch fishery fleet.
B etw een brackets are harbours without seagoing v e s s e ls .
c= ç
OL LO
Fish Number
ARM
(B IW )
BR
BRU
A m em uiden
Broek m W a terta n d
O o sîO u rg -B resk en s
Brm ruase
(W)
(BZ)
B urtscnoten
B ergen o p Zoom
Diem en
(d m i
DZ
EH
&>*)
GO
(G O E )
HA
HO
(Ul I
(H K )
CHL)
(•UNj)
(H O N )
KG
(jO
Í
Delfzijl
Enfchuizen
Fm aterw olde
G eoem uKJen
G o e d e re e d e
G oes
Hart ingen
Den H elder
H in d eio o p en **
Harderwijk
H em etu m er-O ld eferd
Hoom
H ontentase
K ortgene
Klunderi
KW
Karwnk
LE
LO
L em sterta nd-L e m m e r
U lrum -L auw eraoog
M edem okk
M onm ckendam
M iddenacftouw e n
NteuwnBe ije o a nd
T e m eu ze n
(¡■O
(M O ))
CMS))
&<B )
NZ
OD
(PH)
OL
C PO S
SCH
SL
Pa-o)
(ST )
TH
TM
TS
TX
UK
UO
VO
(yi. i
VLI
Ç/UO
WK
WL
WON
WR
ÍW SW )
YE
UM
ZK
t»- y
zz
page 4
m u n ic ip a lity
G o e d e r e e d e - 0 u d d o rp
Z eevang O o sth u iz e n
O ost dong e rad eef
A m sierd am -R an sd o rp
Den H aag -S ct> ev en in g en
G o ed ere e d e -S te ile n d e m
S loten (F n esian d )
S tav e ren
Thoten
T erm unten
TerscnelWng
Texel
Urk
U sdueri
Edam* V orendam
V laardingen
VUaaingen
Vlieland
Workum
W est d o n g e cad eei
W o n serad e el
W tenngen
W e ste rsc n o u w e n
R eim ers w & at-Y erseke
V etsen -U m u id en
U loim -Z outkam p
H ooge e n L a g e Z w aiu w e
Z tenkzee
ANNEX 2
T a b le 2 : Dutch i n s h o r e t r a w l e r
nr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
by
BRT
88
492
87
87
87
480
483
483
86
87
87
87
86
85
86
87
88
85
87
88
467
480
481
87
88
479
3 99
88
88
87
88
85
87
Loa
46
46
46
46
45
46
483
469
467
46
46
46
46
481
472
494
46
46
46
547
430
430
476
402
404
46
45
45
44
40
44
40
40
448
374
398
43
44
40
83
83
86
87
86
83
432
433
328
370
368
4 04
43
43
39
42
42
42
83
86
82
82
84
82
407
362
3 91
406
3 91
406
4 34
42
42
40
40
40
40
43
40
41
40
40
40
88
75
75
81
83
82
84
88
87
3 11
319
347
391
298
328
4 41
4 01
82
85
84
84
84
84
81
81
80
87
82
87
398
402
313
87
85
87
74
84
82
302
300
340
82
82
83
83
74
84
74
421
378
282
390
297
336
283
313
411
411
351
346
349
353
361
454
302
336
418
39
43
40
40
40
41
41
42
42
40
40
40
39
43
44
40
40
42
37
41
42
41
41
40
41
41
40
39
KW
2900
2900
2800
2800
2800
2800
2800
R
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
nr
71
72
73
74
2800
2800
2600
2600
2600
2600
2400
2400
2400
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2100
2100
2100
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
S
R
bY
80
84
BRT
315
259
360
296
75
76
77
87
81
83
83
83
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
75
84
83
89
89
88
89
90
87
80
82
89
90
91
82
90
81
89
90
75
89
88
81
74
89
90
79
89
81
74
80
90
326
405
346
347
422
267
403
352
345
264
375
363
298
454
372
286
284
384
345
313
420
263
247
267
265
294
294
285
296
259
278
261
242
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
10 0
101
10 2
10 3
104
10 5
10 6
10 7
108
10 9
110
111
11 2
11 3
114
11 5
80
83
83
345
360
262
1800
1800
1800
125
126
127
12 8
12 9
130
131
132
133
134
80
74
82
266
260
297
277
326
295
228
254
344
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1600
1600
1600
135
136
137
138
139
80
80
81
81
81
79
140
83
1600
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
40
39
40
40
40
43
40
40
39
42
40
40
40
40
37
41
40
40
44
39
38
40
42
40
39
42
36
39
36
122
123
124
81
79
85
72
74
80
36
41
39
355
326
320
345
342
119
120
121
1700
1700
1700
kW
1600
39
40
40
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
11 6
11 7
11 8
300
300
283
293
282
250
319
: licen ces
Loa
41
337
295
298
301
341
390
349
313
349
80
88
88
87
73
79
74
81
82
83
80
83
83
83
74
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
fleet
37
40
41
39
39
39
36
39
39
31
40
36
40
36
38
40
40
38
36
40
40
37
41
39
38
40
40
40
40
38
39
39
39
43
Page 1
R
S
per 31 .1 2 .9 0
nr
141
142
143
144
bY
75
86
81
74
BRT
265
311
26 7
270
Loa
KW
39
38
33
36
1300
145
146
147
148
14 9
150
151
152
153
74
74
246
268
260
39
43
37
282
285
263
24 3
266
269
24 2
26 6
22 2
234
255
38
39
37
46
37
36
36
37
37
35
37
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1200
1200
1200
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
25 9
221
259
207
24 8
21 9
218
26 4
265
264
264
27 7
27 0
390
390
37
35
37
34
35
34
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
34
37
37
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
75
81
80
75
72
80
79
88
81
72
74
79
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
154
15 5
156
157
158
1500
1500
1500
159
160
161
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
162
163
164
74
75
74
74
76
74
16 5
16 6
16 7
74
81
80
16 8
169
170
171
172
173
174
81
83
80
80
86
87
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
1300
175
176
177
178
179
18 0
181
182
18 3
184
185
18 6
18 7
18 8
18 9
190
191
192
193
19 4
195
196
197
198
199
200
20 1
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
73
73
81
80
73
74
74
75
73
74
80
74
73
74
73
73
74
73
80
73
73
74
73
79
74
73
74
80
73
72
72
73
80
72
71
70
75
230
24 8
23 6
203
207
201
175
24 3
209
37
37
37
37
40
40
34
39
36
34
33
33
29
37
32
1 77
211
221
255
219
203
215
198
208
29
34
35
36
35
34
212
210
199
35
32
34
246
213
22 8
220
280
35
38
34
34
40
35
34
36
33
34
33
31
33
32
32
33
251
196
190
165
174
174
194
165
171
153
175
38
34
24
1300
1300
1300
1100
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
R
R
R
R
R
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
R
R
S
Fleet per 1-1-1991
nr
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
22 4
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
23 4
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
2 61
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
by
73
72
69
72
74
73
71
85
86
74
BRT
215
194
220
192
238
232
169
339
339
166
Loa
34
34
34
34
34
34
33
34
34
29
73
72
75
75
63
71
73
87
68
80
64
167
167
205
18 9
16 9
16 3
14 6
209
119
162
123
61
61
81
192
129
163
128
1 64
105
1 23
180
1 16
30
31
30
30
29
29
59
69
62
68
69
67
71
68
63
67
68
67
64
63
82
166
140
129
113
132
0
100
97
74
98
98
98
31
30
27
32
29
30
25
26
23
26
26
26
131
136
98
67
72
67
62
59
60
60
63
57
82
66
59
58
59
59
67
82
82
111
10 2
13 6
31
28
23
28
26
31
69
58
62
81
66
59
103
78
59
92
79
77
80
73
70
72
68
82
68
61
11 6
80
90
94
80
120
98
80
79
89
89
80
13 3
97
97
32
32
32
34
35
33
29
33
30
30
32
34
27
27
30
24
26
26
26
27
23
24
25
28
26
25
29
25
25
27
24
25
25
25
24
25
kW
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
880
810
740
740
740
740
730
710
660
660
660
660
630
600
590
590
590
590
590
590
590
550
550
530
530
520
520
510
490
480
460
460
460
450
450
440
440
440
440
440
440
400
400
400
390
390
380
380
380
370
370
370
370
370
370
360
340
320
320
320
320
260
R
Ft
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
S
nr
281
282
283
284
by
50
88
85
84
285
286
287
288
289
290
87
67
82
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
67
68
81
86
64
79
84
87
84
80
64
84
54
64
59
90
74
90
81
90
88
80
85
54
86
82
65
87
51
90
84
89
67
68
85
BRT
64
25
69
70
66
39
69
Loa
22
14
24
24
67
64
83
23
22
24
70
49
62
63
58
65
83
20
21
23
20
20
22
24
20
50
69
51
70
50
130
70
121
70
104
77
84
69
70
67
69
50
69
62
24
20
25
20
24
22
24
24
23
24
24
23
23
23
22
25
22
25
23
24
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
85
83
90
45
84
84
69
69
175
54
69
67
R
R
R
R
R
R
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
69
85
81
63
63
64
68
69
84
22
24
24
153
44
70
56
70
69
33
22
23
24
25
23
24
25
20
23
24
22
24
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
56
81
85
85
70
69
51
70
84
67
70
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
329
330
331
332
333
334
89
62
85
85
64
60
220
220
220
27
22
24
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
220
220
21
23
23
21
24
20
24
22
19
R
R
R
R
R
R
70
70
70
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
32 7
328
57
68
68
86
84
86
53
70
62
70
70
56
85
76
64
22
19
24
kW
260
240
220
220
220
220
220
23
22
24
23
Page 2
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
R
R
S
R
S
s
s
s
s
s
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
nr
35 1
352
353
354
355
356
357
70
70
58
Loa
24
20
22
20
22
25
23
70
70
70
25
25
24
38
84
63
60
60
65
68
51
58
50
41
70
367
368
62
66
54
47
24
19
25
22
18
25
25
19
369
370
37 1
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
63
60
64
69
70
70
48
70
69
58
80
63
11
61
66
82
50
49
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
64
64
62
10
53
60
87
49
49
49
85
84
64
60
41
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
40 1
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
by
83
87
90
84
68
63
55
56
87
82
BRT
70
62
79
47
62
61
83
87
85
65
83
57
67
51
69
63
44
60
89
83
11
66
62
88
63
69
90
38
63
61
59
6
64
60
61
69
70
70
55
70
46
70
70
60
70
70
53
32
36
47
37
50
36
47
26
45
35
63
70
53
42
39
60
54
39
41
42
40
50
51
38
34
41
41
32
24
25
24
kW
220
220
220
R
R
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
R
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
22
24
24
25
25
25
20
25
20
25
24
24
24
24
20
24
18
21
24
18
19
25
25
18
220
220
220
220
220
220
23
18
17
20
14
210
210
190
17
17
19
24
1b.
190
190
190
190
190
190
21
21
18
21
20
19
19
20
19
21
22
20
20
19
18
18
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
210
210
210
210
210
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
19 0
•n
190
190
190
190
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
R
R
Fleet per 1-1-1991
nr
by
BRT
Loa
421
422
423
4 24
425
426
427
42 8
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
5
60
60
62
67
61
90
63
63
31
42
27
30
31
45
35
39
49
55
44
57
64
61
29
67
85
29
40
37
36
41
20
18
17
17
17
18
18
19
21
19
18
19
18
19
18
19
20
21
18
444
445
446
447
84
55
88
82
58
8
53
88
88
88
57
48
41
60
35
45
31
40
58
23
6
23
50
22
36
67
35
29
33
19
74
15
23
35
60
22
47
41
86
27
84
49
60
62
48
12
48
24
45
22
36
28
30
35
51
32
40
22
43
40
41
41
24
29
21
42
19
45
28
36
43
51
27
36
36
46
29
24
51
24
20
16
25
16
22
20
17
18
15
32
464
89
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
13
23
48
2
79
46
60
51
26
7
87
76
24
49
21
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
48 4
485
486
487
488
489
490
18
17
20
19
20
20
14
17
26
20
448
449
450
451
452
453
45 4
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
474
55
5
88
27
38
28
99
82
29
22
50
68
55
18
18
18
19
20
17
21
15
23
18
18
21
20
21
18
18
20
28
18
22
20
20
19
16
23
22
18
17
23
16
13
kW
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
170
170
170
170
170
170
160
160
160
160
160
160
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
140
140
140
140
140
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
R
S
S
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
R
R
s
s
s
s
s
R
R
R
nr
49 1
by
BRT
Loa
11
22
13 0
S
492
61
43
24
19
13 0
493
494
32
59
51
33
21
15
130
s
s
496
497
51
28
21
18
61
498
499
24
27
32
50
58
47
36
38
36
21
20
495
500
5 01
502
503
504
505
506
507
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
R
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
59
47
78
10
54
24
24
27
49
47
21
83
34
60
519
520
26
14
79
5 21
25
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
23
13
27
529
530
531
532
533
23
21
31
26
27
5
79
61
78
21
33
18
20
32
23
33
28
kW
12 0
120
12 0
120
120
120
1 10
26
22
24
34
17
15
19
11 0
110
110
11
13
110
37
22
31
40
23
38
20
17
19
18
11 0
11 0
30
17
22
46
19
17
22
22
25
26
28
27
33
15
18
18
19
19
21
17
15
16
16
20
21
23
16
25
29
24
15
14
16
24
15
110
110
100
100
10 0
10 0
100
10 0
100
10 0
100
100
100
100
100
100
10 0
90
80
80
75
75
75
75
71
R
nr = n u m b e r
by = building y e a r
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
BRT = Bruto R e g i s t e r T o n n a g e
L o a = le n g th o v e r all
kW = kilo W a t t s m a i n p o w e r
R = ro u n d li sh licenc e
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
S = s h r i m p s li cenc e
no call
= flatlish lic e n s e
N ote : h a lf o f the roundfish and on third
o f the shrim p licences have also
flatfish licenses
Page 3
S
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
12 0
12 0
15
19
17
17
13
22
16
11
15
R
s
s
s
TABLE 3. FLEETS OF SEA FISHERIES AND MUSSELCULTURE; NUMBER OF
VESSELS, ENGINE CAPACITY, AGE OF VESSELS AND NUMBER OF CREW.
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
19 9 0
Number of v e s s e l s
- cu tterflsh erles
- f r e e s e trawlers
- m u s s e l culture
625
27
79
610
22
77
6 20
15
77
611
13
79
603
13
79
573
13
82
533
13
82
Total
731
709
712
703
695
668
62 8
Engine capacity
(X1000
hp *))
- c u tterfish eries
- fr e e s e trawlers
• m u s s e l culture
525
82
26
534
75
26
5 39
66
27
58 0
59
29
59 9
68
31
574
76
35
544
80
37
Total
633
635
632
668
698
685
661
-
Age of the v e s s e ls
0 - 1 0 year
- 1 1
- 2 0 year
- o ver 2 0 year
256
189
286
235
196
278
230
192
290
249
176
278
272
146
277
279
113
276
268
104
256
Total
731
709
712
703
695
668
628
Number of crew
• c u tte rfis h erie s
- fr e e s e trawlers
• m u s s e l culture
2919
586
238
2981
4 99
233
2961
397
235
3026
349
241
2848
382
241
26 5 2
37 9
250
2 49 6
419
251
Total
3743
3713
3 59 3
3616
3 47 1
3281
3164
TABLE 4
GROSS REVENUES OF SEA FISHERIES, MUSSEL CULTURE AND OTHERS.
( x milion d u tch g u ild e r s) a)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
C u tterfish eries
F r e e s e traw lers
693
203
794
215
762
171
744
161
649
143
659
152
689
149
T otal s e a fish eries
896
1009
933
905
792
811
838
M u s s e l cultu re b)
O y s t e r cu lture
C o c k le fish e r ie s
V a r io u s
29
13
pro
1
49
13
pm
1
68
17
pm
1
69
14
pm
1
77
17
pm
1
88
17
pm
1
99
11
pm
1
939
1072
1019
917
949
T otal
989
887
a) In clu sive su p p ly in foreign h arb ou rs; b) E x c lu siv e of the m u s s e l ta k e out by the
M u ssel Fund.
S o u r c e : Direction of th e F is h e r ie s , P rod u ct-p artn ersh ip (?) for Fish
a n d F ish p ro d u cts, e s t im a t e of LEI-DLO
C utter f l e e t
= in sh o re tr a w le r f l e e t
_j
>
m
CO
ANNEX
2
*) 1 hp - 0 ,7 3 6 kW.
Sou rce : Direction of Fisheries; Shipping lnspectorate;Productpartnership (?) for Fish and Fishproducts, LEI-DLO
DO
r~
TABLE 6 . CUTTERFISHERIES; GROSS PROCEEDS BY HP-GROUP
TABLE 5
INVESTMENTS IN SEA FISHERIES, MUSSEL CULTURE AND OTHERS.
1984
Cutter fish eries
million dutch guilders b)
nu m bers :
n e w ships
other sh ips c)
lengthening a. o.
n ew engines
F r e e s e trawlers
million dutch guilders b)
numbers :
n e w ships
other sh ip s c)
lengthening a. o.
M u ssel culture
million dutch guilders b)
num bers :
n ew ships
other sh ip s c)
lengthening a. o.
new engines
Other sectors d)
million dutch guilders b)
numbers :
n e w ships
other sh ip s c)
lengthening a. o.
n ew engines
1 98 6
1987
19 88
1989
1990
140
87
90
172
128
63
64
31
3
7
38
23
2
3
27
19
11
23
25
18
19
25
1
5
21
13
2
3
9
15
3
2
12
79
34
3
“
1
1
5
1
1
1
3
7
4
1
1
1
-
228
3
1
-
2
-
-
-
—
1
4
2
1
3
5
3
2
-
2
125
25
3
6
31
158
26
2
12
26
12
3
5
10
14
4
1
3
3
202
32
1
27
32
80
95
50
2
-
2
-
1
1
“
16
5
-
4
4
23
8
1
2
2
247
40
2
11
27
23
7
3
1
5
2
7
3
3
183
22
12
7
17
14
3
2
3
4
2
2
4
1
2
130
21
10
6
18
a) Bruto investments, exclusive electronical instruments en deck machinery (date of
maiden trip); b) Bruto, without subtraction of Premium for Investment; c) Second hand
from foreign country or other industries; d) Oyster, cockle and other coastal fisheries.
1985
1986
1 -2 0 0 , h p
• beam traw l
- o llertraw l
- p a lr tr aw l ( r o u n d lis h )
• shrim plraw l
• various
- total
2
0
0
16
0
20
2
1
21
0
24
201-300 hp
- beam traw l
• o llertraw l
- p a lr tr aw l (r o u n d l i s h )
- h e r r in g pa lrtr a w l
- shrim plraw l
- various
• tota l
25
4
15
0
20
3
68
34
7
25
0
17
7
89
3 0 1 - 6 0 0 hp
- beam traw l
- ollertraw l
- p a lr tr aw l (r o u n d (is h )
• h e rrin g p a lr tr aw l
- v a r io u s
• total
6
10
25
2
1
44
1
6
29
2
2
39
34
1
2
33
66
11
27
13
52
11
36
13
40
16
17
12
.
.
1
1987
1988
1
0
0
25
20
.
.
21
26
41
1989
1990
1
0
1
21
21
0
22
20
0
21
44
12
28
37
9
18
37
7
11
39
4
5
18
3
105
24
5
93
42
4
102
34
4
85
5
6
5
6
13
1
2
26
5
5
12
1
2
25
8
4
10
39
7
22
7
35
15
32
29
7
15
22
4
11
2
0
.
1
1
20
11
21
20
4
97
7
7
17
1
1
IB
1
•
.'
3
25
601-1100 hp
- beam traw l
- ollertraw l
- p a lr tr aw l ( r o u n d lis h )
• h e r r in g pa lrtr a w l
• various
- total
1 17
Ill
86
75
83
50
39
1 1 01-1500 hp
- beam traw l
- ollertraw l
• pa lrtr a w l ( r o u n d lis h )
• h e r r in g pa lrtr a w l
- total
198
6
3
4
211
213
4
6
8
23 1
193
. 2
2
13
138
127
2
1 27
210
159
4
2
25
189
2
8
14 8
9
138
0,
7'
13 4
233
298
2
311
2
313
3
297
3
318
4
379
5
•
301
313
316
300
322
384
593
37
57
28
40
6
762
561
30
69
36
43
5
744
505
25
55
13
44
7
649
516
21
38
14
63
6
659
577
12
26
14
53
7
689
1 5 01- h p
- beam traw l
• h e rrin g p a lr tr aw l
- various
- total
All s h ip s
- beam traw l
• ollertraw l
- p a lr tr aw l ( r o u n d lis h )
• h e rrin g pa lrtr a w l
• shrim plraw l
- various
• total
•
0
23 3
530
31
70
19
37
5
693
599
. 27
97
25
38
8
794
I
.
. Nol observed In that group: 0 Less than 500,000 Dulch guilders
0
,
,
5,6
36
5
11
45
1
2
2
4
59
1984
TABLE
Total fleet
million dutch guilders b)
n u m bers :
n e w ships
other sh ip s c)
lengthening a. o.
n ew en gines
1985
AND TYPE OF FISHERY, (x a million of Dulch guilders)
ANNEX 2
FIGURE 1
Chan ge i n nu mbers o f t h e i n s h o r e t r a w l e r f l e e t
B.
1986 -
numbers 1986 - 1991
> 2 0 0 0 hp
600
500
1991
I
1 5 0 1 - 2 0 0 0 hp
V /////Ä
I
1 1 0 1 - 1 5 0 0 hp
400
S
6 0 1 - 1 1 0 0 hp
1
300
r
200
1
301 - 6 0 0 hp
261 - 3 0 0 hp
1 00
TTTffl]
0
1986
1988
1990
1991
year
0 - 2 6 0 hp
ANNEX 2
FIGURE 2
Change in fishing power
600
500 400
hp
X1000 3 0 0 t
200
100
-
g
M
>2000 hp
1990
1 984
1978
1972
H
601- 1100 hp □
150 1-2000 hp
301 -
600 hp
m
m
1101- 150 0 hp
0 - 300 hp
FIGURE 3
Change in efforts related to the fishing gear
effort o f HP
d a y s (mln)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
pair + otter trawl
Hi l l i i
sh rim p fish ery
b e a m trawl
Ç xX x^ pair trawl herring
1991
year
Lgure 4 a
E2
E3
: F ish in g areas
£4
ES
E5
£7
: u s e o f g e a r s b y t h e D u t c h beam t r a w l
£3
43
47
45
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
33
37
35
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
—
co a rse boundery
for h e a v e y ticklers
28
use of m ats
27
26
25
/ /
,
,
/ / ' / / / /
u se o f flip-up ropes
(with v -n e t
p la ic e b ox
vi
\
ICES fishing areas and ICES quadrants
ers
Figure 4-b. R egistrated fis h in g e ffo rt of the Dutch
beamers > 300 hp, in fis h in g days per ICES quadrant.
61.5
mm
■
61
- •
s^imP^^ie
>m%
é
âaààia6iSÂ$W.-X
23««wä
54 p
...
..........................................&
:
60.5
60
mm
59 . 5
59
iii«
58.5
58 I
57.5 I
57
56.5
56
..
i.....wM m M rn
-i
-
i-r--
:•
S ®
55. 5
55
v > .y iV A v /\v y .iv .v y X v > A v X r /w !w
54.5
X v iw /z iv
i m p i " * '"
:;x.x
54
É É n W '
i v ' ' s <'
53.5
53
52 . 5
52
51.5
51
469
>
*ííííS>.:,
ftVsSfiftÿSSi
-3
50.5
E5
E6
E7
E8
E9
FO
U a m : EFFORT
yaar:
f Ia e t : BT > 3 0 0 HP
par lod:
F1
F2
1990
y air
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
t o t a l : 34192
u nit: dayi al l u
F8
F9
GO
Gl
V23/91
G2
G3
Figure 4-c. Registrated fis h in g e ffo rt of the D utch
beamers ^ 300 hp, in fish in g days per ICES quadrant.
- 4
•
2
-
1
61.5
61
ijiaiilaeatbä.
60.5
60
5 9 .5
59
5 8 .5
58
5 7 .5
57
56.5
lii _
n
■
H
¡í*mM »
56
3 5 .5
p
„
..
»
-
i
.i
~
Ié M M H I
mmm
55
v .W M v . w ¿ í . ; . > y
54.5
i::. ~
54
»88 SPLv -
53.5
_
53
52.5
52
51.5
«s®
;-xv< x :- » < w < v
. •
-
51
iX/w>'.X/A'A
ï 88*p»'
50.5
•:.
E5
- i—
E6
■ ' :•
E7
x:
ES
E9
FO
F1
F2
U a m : EFFORT
yaar:
1990
l l a a t : BTs 300 HP
p ar lod:
yaar
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
t o t a l : 19698
u n it: daya at u t
FB
F9
GO
G1
4/23/91
G2
G3
Figure 4 d . Fishing e ffo rt: yearly mean fre q u e n c y
th at every square meter has been fish e d by d u tch
beamers in 1990 (roughly, mean per ICES quadrant).
Illigi
Yearly mean frequency that every square meter
has been fished by dutch beamtrawlers in 1990
A N N EX 3 : Details on the Germ an traw ler fleet and gears used
T able o f contents
1. V E S S E L DATA
2. G E A R DATA
3. F L E E T A C TIV ITIES
1. VESSEL DATA
T here are 615 vessels in the G em ían cutter (all traw lers except the large stem traw lers operating
pelagic gear) fleet (1992). M ore than 50 % o f these vessels work with otter trawls. In the coastal
w aters the cutters operate beam traw ls targeting shrim p. This part o f the fleet consists o f 290 vessels
(all vessels corresponding to the E C -regulation 3094/86). Table 1 contains som e o f the technical
data o f this fleet. 48 o f these cutters are engaged in beam traw ling for flatfish, the others are
w orking on shrim p (more than 60 % o f the earnings m ust be on shrim ps). The catch season on
shrim ps is from A pril to D ecem ber. Som e o f the bigger cutters are w orking in parts o f the year
(about 3 m onths) on flatfish.
8 large beam traw lers with an engine pow er higher than 221 kW (300 hp) are w orking under the
germ an flag. 5 o f these vessels are form er Dutch beam ers (see table 2).
The age structure o f the sm all beam traw ler fleet is clear from figure 1. The age structure o f the
cutter fleet which is active in pair or otter traw ling, is sim ilar. The m ain target species o f this fleet
are cod, saithe and haddock.
2. G E A R DATA
T he sm all shrim p beam traw ler fleet uses beam traw ls w ith a beam length o f 6 to 9 m each. The
tow ing speed o f these vessels is 2.5 kn in calm w aters, about 3.5 kn with the tidal stream and about
1.5 kn against the tidal stream (speed over the ground). The w eights o f the gear on shrim ps are 500
to 900 kg.
B ecause o f the EEC regulation 3094/86 the cutters fishing for flatfish use beam trawls w ith a
beam length o f 4.5 m. These gears have a w eight o f about 1000 to 1200 kg, depending on the
tow ing speed and on bottom conditions.
3. FL E E T ACTIVITIES
The activities o f the fleet in the year 1990 are show n in figure 3.
MA 2 . 5 4 9
IN V E N T O R Y
13
Table 1 : German trawler fleet 31.12.90
Engine power
Homeport
no.
Loa
BRT
Year built
KW
HP
ACC
1
17.14
32.5
1968
176
239
ACC
ACC
10
18.79
49.81
1977
218
296
11
14.06
15.31
1956
107
145
ACC
12
17.09
34.87
1981
176
239
ACC
13
15.01
18.49
1957
164
223
ACC
16
15.14
20.03
1963
144
ACC
2
14.97
17.9
1986
175
196
238
ACC
3
20.04
49.8
1962
184
250
ACC
4
15.56
26.75
1970
175
238
ACC
6
15.25
20.57
1967
175
238
ACC
7
15.09
17.9
1986
175
238
ACC
8
18.15
36.96
1981
184
250
ACC
AG
9
8
18.95
1985
219
298
14.96
42.85
18.79
1957
146
198
AZ
5
15
20.76
1929
145
197
BEN
1
184
250
BEN
2
17.07
35.91
1980
188
255
BOR
1
15.49
21.08
1968
132
179
BOR
2
19.27
44.43
1963
180
245
BRA
3
23.99
220
299
5
24.65
74.92
69.99
1982
BRA
1983
221
300
BRA
7
18.65
60.5
1973
219
298
BRA
8
22.97
69.49
1984
220
299
BUES
2
9.75
4.49
1938
66
90
BUES
4
13.2
1946
1956
100
136
BUES
BX
6
12.81
14.65
13.21
125
170
765
22.45
69.96
1981
221
300
1
11.66
20.45
104
141
130
177
eu x
eu x
eu x
eu x
eu x
3
14.14
19.6
1986
1936
6
12.5
11.86
1950
130
177
7
15.25
19.5
1965
162
220
8
11.79
10.33
1946
92
125
DAN
3
12.7
11.25
1931
68
92
DIT
1
15.25
20.57
1965
188
255
DIT
18
17.19
36.97
1983
217
295
DIT
2
21.69
DIT
5
15.3
15.25
20.57
1970
1964
110
147
200
DIT
6
15.25
20.57
1964
170
231
DIT
9
16.02
23.83
1967
180
245
DOR
12
15.64
24.26
1981
165
224
DOR
13
14.25
18.35
1959
125
170
DOR
15
12.49
11.24
1960
124
168
DOR
16
15.55
28.29
1971
220
299
DOR
2
15.73
22
1983
161
219
149
DOR
4
16.38
27.84
1987
216
293
DOR
DOR
5
8
14.64
19.96
1961
164
223
14.25
16.53
1966
137
186
FED
FED
1
10
15.14
15.44
20.03
20.72
1960
1961
191
180
260
245
FED
11
11.8
10.98
1948
93
126
FED
2
15.04
17.39
1956
147
200
FED
3
4
16.2
32.15
1976
217
295
FED
36.99
1981
180
245
FED
FED
5
6
17.7
18.24
11.8
36.93
10.09
1988
1950
183
93
249
126
Page 1
Engine power
Homeport
no.
Loa
BRT
Year built
HP
KW
FED
7
13.91
13.09
1963
110
149
FED
8
1768
35.29
1967
184
250
FED
9
15.55
21.87
1974
191
260
FRI
1
14.72
22.52
1968
138
188
FRI
18
13.25
15.19
1965
136
185
FRI
20
14.29
20.25
1964
130
177
FRI
23
14.15
18.3
1968
151
205
FRI
3
13.05
15.07
1962
151
205
FRI
35
12.35
10.83
1965
107
145
FRI
36
13.17
15.1
1964
131
178
FRI
7
14.3
20.51
1967
151
205
FRI
75
15.5
22.02
1941
145
197
FRI
76
15.14
16.67
1964
151
205
FRI
205
86
13.15
15.66
1957
151
GRE
1
15.25
20.57
1965
146
198
GRE
10
15.96
24.48
1975
165
224
GRE
11
17.84
27.35
1980
184
250
GRE
12
15.98
22.7
1977
188
255
GRE
13
15.97
24.1
1974
145
197
GRE
14
16.41
33.93
1980
184
250
GRE
15
17.03
34.43
1969
186
253
GRE
16
17.14
32.63
1969
184
250
GRE
17
17.14
32.63
1969
206
280
GRE
18
16.28
34.92
1976
132
179
GRE
19
18.41
34.86
19.69
184
250
GRE
2
15.62
23.89
1972
110
149
GRE
20
17.75
35.29
1969
190
258
GRE
21
16.03
29.93
1970
140
190
GRE
22
16.05
23.55
1973
199
270
GRE
24
17.26
36.92
1977
221
300
GRE
25
16.16
29.73
1971
190
258
GRE
28
12.33
18.8
1979
110
149
GRE
29
16.96
36.71
1980
219
298
GRE
3
17.1
44.13
1984
184
250
GRE
5
16.97
30.59
1987
186
253
GRE
6
15.96
29.09
1971
145
197
GRE
7
17.2
36.77
1979
221
300
GRE
8
15.38
20.57
1967
146
198
HAR
1
15.96
23.07
1973
191
260
HAR
10
16.1
30
1987
114
155
HAR
14
15.17
21.08
1966
180
245
HAR
2
13.86
13.61
1959
150
204
HAR
20
15.25
21.08
1969
175
238
HAR
4
15.36
20.7
1970
199
270
HAR
5
15.23
21.75
1971
175
238
HAR
6
16.72
34.94
1979
217
295
HAR
8
17.51
35.01
1983
184
250
HF
348
15.1
12.88
1892
88
120
HF
511
16.22
23.96
1950
79
107
HF
552
18.21
35.18
1970
176
239
HF
562
17.26
36.91
1973
165
224
HF
567
21.44
68.89
1981
221
300
HF
573
21.65
71.39
1990
221
300
HOO
1
16.45
36.96
1980
136
185
HOO
3
15.58
21.36
1970
132
179
Page 2
Engine power
Homeport
Loa
no.
BRT
Year built
HOO
52
15.92
25.19
1975
HOO
53
17.15
49.85
HOO
61
15.46
HOR
1
HUS
KW
HP
199
270
1980
180
245
22.64
1971
206
280
15.14
20.03
1959
110
149
18
18.76
38
1979
184
250
HUS
19
18.51
36.98
1980
184
250
HUS
2
14.31
15.2
1961
129
175
HUS
25
HUS
28
15.55
25.59
HUS
33
15.01
HUS
6
14.28
HUS
7
HUS
9
NC
NC
138
188
1971
165
224
18.41
1956
146
198
15.34
1963
174
236
15.56
21.03
1970
175
238
16.65
30.62
1965
180
245
321
23.94
69.92
1984
220
299
322
23.87
66.83
1985
221
300
NC
326
23.56
70.02
1957
210
285
NC
458
16.15
27.18
1961
146
198
NEU
225
18.83
49.88
1978
184
250
NEU
226
15.41
21.1
1968
147
200
NEU
227
15.58
21.36
1970
175
238
NEU
228
15.42
21.74
1971
147
200
NEU
229
15.51
21.01
1970
147
200
NEU
230
14.18
1987
110
149
NEU
231
15.23
19
31.11
1988
184
250
NEU
235
12.97
11.06
1952
110
149
NEU
240
15.38
20.8
1967
135
183
NEU
241
12.78
10.21
1956
114
155
NEU
243
15.52
24.11
1960
177
240
NEU
245
16.27
25
1983
180
245
NEU
319
13.18
15.15
1958
138
188
2
25.06
99.83
1971
220
299
NOR
201
18.91
35.01
1979
213
289
NOR
202
14.06
15.3
1956
107
145
NOR
203
16.67
33.88
1956
169
230
NOR
205
16.44
25.05
1980
161
219
NOR
206
16.11
29.78
1971
197
268
NOR
207
15.42
20.67
1971
147
200
NOR
208
17.09
32.54
1969
191
260
NOR
209
12.65
13.26
1946
96
130
NOR
210
15.14
20.03
1960
147
200
NOR
211
16.05
23.55
1973
175
238
NOR
212
11.19
12
1989
92
125
NOR
223
15.55
21.16
1976
110
149
NOR
224
15.1
17.15
1949
110
149
NOR
225
15.66
20.82
1979
110
149
NOR
228
15.51
21.08
1968
185
251
NOR
230
15.16
17.98
1959
110
149
NOR
231
17.1
35028
1982
219
298
NOR
232
15.25
20.57
1966
110
149
NOR
236
16.58
28.36
1961
99
135
ON
180
18.33
34.55
1969
213
289
PEL
1
17
40
1986
184
250
PEL
2
14.55
23.34
1965
132
179
PEL
3
17.99
36.97
1978
183
249
PEL
9
17.94
34.96
1971
182
247
NG
Page 3
Engine power
Homeport
Loa
no.
BRT
Year built
KW
HP
SC
14
17.99
35.15
1969
184
250
SC
15
20.24
63.84
1983
184
250
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
sc
18
19.19
43.37
1962
183
249
19
24.69
69.35
1986
221
300
2
19.71
61.38
1982
221
300
20
16.53
30.89
1967
169
230
21
24.18
80
1967
184
250
32
17.5
33.47
1959
184
250
33
19.47
36.75
1947
184
250
34
18.09
37.35
1969
184
250
36
11.06
15
1986
100
136
4
14.98
30
1986
184
250
43
22.37
65.01
1985
221
300
44
24.55
75
1959
184
250
45
15.4
21.99
1947
135
183
5
18.24
67.14
1988
183
249
52
17.61
34.85
1968
184
250
54
17.77
35.09
1968
162
220
57
18.7
46.73
1949
184
250
58
19.6
65
1989
221
300
6
18.79
61
1986
184
250
7
18.4
49
1979
184
250
8
17.15
35.28
1971
179
243
SCHL
1
12.91
11.71
1960
55
75
SD
1
14.58
23.97
1960
184
250
SD
11
17.23
35.14
1970
184
250
SD
12
15.71
25.79
1970
172
234
SD
13
16.17
31.6
1973
147
200
SD
14
15.9
29.09
1970
159
216
SD
15
16.65
34.48
1982
184
250
SD
16
16.04
28.52
1979
178
242
SD
18
16.21
28.93
1971
180
245
SD
19
17.35
35.15
1971
182
247
SD
2
15.33
19.51
1965
124
168
SD
20
15.65
25.91
1971
165
224
SD
22
16.21
32.57
1976
184
250
SD
23
16.02
36
1986
184
250
SD
24
15.09
28.11
1976
182
247
SD
25
15.47
20.8
1968
153
208
SD
26
16.72
39
1983
147
200
SD
28
16.73
34.1
1978
181
246
SD
3
17.26
36.96
1974
184
250
SD
30
14.99
24.3
1963
140
190
SD
31
16.15
27.18
1963
182
247
SD
32
16.01
36
1985
165
224
SD
33
17.24
35.28
1973
184
250
SD
34
15.65
22.98
1973
146
198
SD
35
16.84
40
1987
184
250
SD
4
15.34
22.24
1971
147
200
SD
5
15.66
26.18
1971
140
190
SD
6
17.24
34.87
1968
184
250
SD
7
18.71
47.63
1979
184
250
SD
8
14.35
27
1983
165
224
SD
9
16.65
30.82
1968
184
250
SH
6
221
300
Page 4
Engine power
Homeport
Loa
no.
BRT
Year built
KW
HP
SH
7
23.23
66.63
1985
221
300
SH
19
17.98
52.88
1982
221
300
SPI
1
14.09
18.45
1964
138
188
SPI
10
15.25
20.57
1965
147
200
15.67
1980
169
230
SPI
2
SPI
3 7777
SPI
4
15.59
SPI
5
SPI
22.98
7777
7777
145
197
25.47
1979
184
250
15.09
22.8
1977
191
260
6
15.14
20.03
1963
110
149
SPI
7
12.5
9.9
1932
132
179
ST
1
16.6
33.79
1960
162
220
ST
11
16.4
33.99
1977
184
250
ST
12
15.58
35.6
1980
165
224
ST
17
18.16
36.15
1960
165
224
ST
2
25.05
79.87
1961
184
250
ST
20
16.03
28.93
1968
165
224
ST
22
18.14
40.56
1978
180
245
ST
24
15.9
29.09
1969
99
135
ST
26
23.69
61.39
1963
184
250
ST
28
17.95
36.63
1973
184
250
ST
29
17.82
31.36
1963
147
200
ST
3
18.54
39.12
1964
182
247
ST
30
18.58
47.49
1984
213
289
ST
5
20.57
49.93
1959
176
239
ST
6
15.98
29.15
1966
107
145
ST
7
17.17
33.28
1969
184
250
ST
8
19.4
40.11
1947
184
250
SU
12
19
49.95
1978
184
250
SU
13
14.25
19.61
1966
88
120
SU
2
14.08
16.4
1963
131
178
SU
3
18.56
46
1977
184
250
SU
4
17.98
49.06
1946
162
220
SU
5
17.27
35.49
1980
184
250
SU
6
20.67
49.4
1978
184
250
SU
7
15.79
25.06
1968
110
149
SU
8
17.04
41.23
1972
184
250
SU
9
17.63
33.64
1990
184
250
sw
1
15.06
27.8
1974
125
170
sw
2
15.65
26.43
1979
182
247
sw
3
17.59
32.23
1990
182
247
sw
4
16.98
43
1986
184
250
sw
5
15.6
22.48
1962
130
177
TOEN
1
9.64
8.04
1978
74
101
TOEN
2
8.2
6
1961
40
54
TOEN
4
14.07
16.05
1959
88
120
TOEN
32
15.25
24.44
1965
165
224
TOEN
6
11.26
15.46
1948
130
177
VAR
1
15.55
21.32
1976
175
238
190
VAR
11
11.75
12.55
1932
140
VAR
18
13.91
13.09
1962
109
148
VAR
6
15.89
23.76
1974
180
245
WIT
1
14.32
19.05
1966
124
168
WIT
12
16.15
31.93
1976
183
249
WRE
1
16.19
26.57
1970
130
177
WRE
10
16.21
32.89
1976
184
250
Page 5
Engine power
Homeport
no.
Loa
BRT
Year built
KW
HP
WRE
2
15.14
20.03
1962
131
178
WRE
3
16.3
29.27
1976
169
230
WRE
4
16.35
27.83
1987
184
250
WRE
5
16.6
31.92
1979
221
300
WRE
6
15.14
20.03
1961
110
149
WRE
7
9
15.59
24.31
1979
17.15
35.28
1970
138
184
250
WRE
Page 6
188
Table 2. Beam trawlers over 24 m and 221 kW
Vessel
NG 1
SC 25
SC 31
SL 2
ST 27
Laii
36.28
39.04
37.87
32.74
34.15
GT
247.22
249.34
234.82
176.42
173.73
kW
Year built
1979
939
1975
912
1104
1973
919
1971
908
1973
Beamtrawlfleet
Age Structure
6 0
Number of Vessels
50
4030
vvvv**
‘♦ v K v
w vw
88668
88688
8 6 6 8 ^!
20
w
vK
M
v
HI
’$ $ $ $ $
mm
p i
Em
-47
F igure
1
53-57
63-67
73-77
83-87
48-52
58-62
68-72
78-82
88-93
Year built
German Beam Trawlers 1992
EEC-Reg. 3094/86
0-100 kW (5.8%)
101-150 kW (27.4%)
151-221 kW (66.8%)
F igu re 2.
!
57
74
203
2333
954
675
57
42
661
328
72
40
276
134
198.5
177
56
330
680
1348
421
259
276.5
760
42
263
218
151
60
199
1050.5
60
222
55
254
54
65
20
105
260
53
66
384
52
48
35:
Fishingtime 19 9 0
German Beamtrawler >221 kW ( 5 Vessels )
S Year 15096 h
F ig u r e 3.
329