AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF
Barbara K. Burkholder for the degree of Masters of Science in Water Resources
Science presented on November 26, 2007.
Title: Influence of Hyporheic Flow and Geomorphology on Temperature of a Large,
Gravel-bed River, Clackamas River, Oregon, USA.
Abstract approved:
Gordon E. Grant
Roy Haggerty
The hyporheic zone influences the thermal regime of rivers, buffering
temperature by storing and releasing heat over a range of timescales. We examined the
relationship between hyporheic exchange and temperature along a 24-km reach of the
lower Clackamas River, a large gravel-bed river in northwestern Oregon (median
discharge = 75.7 m3/s; minimum mean monthly discharge = 22.7 m3/s in August
2006). With a simple mixing model, we estimated how much hyporheic exchange
cools the river during hot summer months. Hyporheic exchange was primarily
identified by temperature anomalies, which are patches of water that demonstrate at
least a 1 °C temperature difference from the main channel. Forty hyporheic
temperature anomalies were identified through field investigations and TIR (ThermalInfrared-Radiometry) in summer 2006. The location of anomalies was associated with
specific geomorphic features, primarily bar channels and bar heads that act as
preferential pathways for hyporheic flow. Detailed field characterization and
groundwater modeling on three Clackamas gravel bars indicate residence times of
hyporheic water can vary from hours to weeks and months. This was largely
determined by hydraulic conductivity, which is affected by how recently the gravel bar
formed or was reworked. Upscaling of modeled discharges and hydrologic parameters
from these bars to the other anomalies on the Clackamas network shows that
hyporheic discharge from anomalies comprises a small fraction (<< 1 %) of mainstem
discharge, resulting in small river cooling effects (0.012 °C). However, the presence
of cooler patches of water within rivers can act as thermal refugia for fish and other
aquatic organisms, making the creation or enhancement of hyporheic exchange an
attractive method in restoring the thermal regime of rivers.
©Copyright by Barbara K. Burkholder
November 26, 2007
All Rights Reserved
Influence of Hyporheic Flow and Geomorphology on Temperature of a Large, Gravelbed River, Clackamas River, Oregon, USA
by
Barbara K. Burkholder
A THESIS
submitted to
Oregon State University
in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the
degree of
Master of Science
Presented November 26, 2007
Commencement June 2008
Master of Science thesis of Barbara K. Burkholder
Presented on November 26, 2007
APPROVED:
Co-major Professor, representing Water Resources Science
Co-major Professor, representing Water Resources Science
Director of the Water Resources Science Program
Dean of the Graduate School
I understand that my thesis will become part of the permanent collection of Oregon
State University libraries. My signature below authorizes release of my thesis to any
reader upon request.
Barbara K. Burkholder, Author
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to thank my committee members, Dr. Gordon Grant, Dr. Roy
Haggerty, Dr. Tarang Khangaonkar, Dr. Peter Wampler, and Dr. John Bailey for their
help and support throughout the project. A special thanks to Gordon Grant and Roy
Haggerty for their continual encouragement, helpful suggestions, and patience as they
have mentored me along the way.
My sincere appreciation to all those who contributed to my field campaign,
especially field assistants Heidi Springer, Shawn Majors, and Roger Lewis who all
suffered with me through numerous pebble counts and the pains of piezometer
installation. I am indebted to Portland General Electric (PGE) biologists Tim
Shibahara and Doug Cramer for shuttling our boat every day and to other PGE crew
members who offered technical support. Also, thanks to PGE surveyors Rick
Belliveau and Larry McGinnis for their expertise and enthusiasm.
I am also grateful to my colleagues and friends at Oregon State University for
their knowledge and support. Thanks to Sarah Lewis for her expansive expertise,
guidance, and friendship throughout the research process and Anne Jefferson for her
knowledgeable input and help with the cooling calculation. Also, thanks to my family
and friends who have been a constant source of encouragement and humor.
This material is based upon work supported under a grant from Portland General
Electric (PGE) and a cooperative agreement between Oregon State University and the
USDA Forest Service. I am grateful to John Esler and Julie Keil at PGE for supporting
the research.
CONTRIBUTION OF AUTHORS
Gordon Grant, Peter Wampler, and Roy Haggerty created the initial study plan and
project focus. Gordon Grant and Roy Haggerty provided continual guidance
throughout the field campaign and subsequent data analysis. Tarang Khangaonkar
provided knowledge of Clackamas River hydrodynamic model CE-QUAL-W2. All
listed authors also contributed several helpful reviews and suggestions in preparation
of and during the writing of the manuscript.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1
2
INFLUENCE OF HYPORHEIC FLOW AND GEOMORPHOLOGY ON
TEMPERATURE OF A LARGE, GRAVEL-BED RIVER, CLACKAMAS RIVER,
OREGON, USA ...................................................................................................... 6
2.1
Abstract ................................................................................................... 7
2.2
Introduction............................................................................................. 7
2.3
Methods................................................................................................. 11
2.3.1
Study Area: ....................................................................................... 11
2.3.2
Field measurements and data collection: .......................................... 13
2.3.3
Model simulations of hyporheic exchange within gravel bars: ........ 17
2.3.4
Upscaling hyporheic exchange to the reach scale:............................ 17
2.4
3
RESULTS ............................................................................................. 20
2.4.1
Thermal Infrared Radiometry (TIR): ................................................ 20
2.4.2
Bar geomorphology controls on hyporheic exchange:...................... 21
2.4.3
Bar-scale data and model analysis: ................................................... 24
2.4.4
Hyporheic effect from anomalies on river temperature: ................... 27
2.5
DISCUSSION ....................................................................................... 29
2.6
CONCLUSIONS................................................................................... 33
CONCLUSIONS........................................................................................... 34
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
Page
Aerial Analysis of Lower Clackamas River Bar Population .............43
Surface and Subsurface Pebble Count Data .......................................49
Location and Description of Temperature Anomalies .......................66
TIR Methodology and Report ............................................................69
Total Station Survey Data for Feldheimer, Eagle Creek and
Barton Bars ........................................................................................86
Piezometer (Well) Installation ............................................................101
Methods of Assessing Hydraulic Conductivity .................................105
Groundwater Models of Feldheimer, Eagle Creek, and Barton Bars
.............................................................................................................117
Temperature Monitoring in Feldheimer, Eagle Creek, and
Barton Bars ........................................................................................125
Spreadsheet of Anomaly Discharge Calculations ..............................177
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
Page
Heat exchange mechanisms that comprise river temperature budgets.
From Loheide and Gorelick, 2007. ............................................................ 2
Schematic of idealized out-of-phase mainstem and hyporheic
temperature fluctuations and the resulting dampened temperature. ...........3
Stream temperature in two adjacent reaches of a stream in the HJ
Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, USA. Modified from Johnson
(2004). ....................................................................................................... 3
Conceptual diagram describing how gravel augmentation can help
thermally restore a river. ............................................................................ 4
Conceptual diagram showing the different processes that influence
hyporheic water temperatures in a gravel bar (white)................................. 9
Site location and study reach, lower Clackamas River, Oregon,
USA. ...........................................................................................................12
Summer 2006 aerial imagery and schematic diagram for a) Feldheimer,
b) Eagle Creek, and c) Barton gravel bars. ................................................ 15
Aerial imagery showing gravel reworking between summers 2005
(left) and 2006 (right) for a) Eagle Creek and b) Barton bars. ...................16
Comparison of calculated (Darcy's law) and modeled (MODFLOW)
hyporheic discharge for temperature anomalies on gravel bars. ................ 19
Longitudinal temperature profiles of the lower Clackamas River from
River Mill Dam (RKM 37) to Carver, Oregon (RKM 13) recorded by
TIR on August 13th, 2006. ........................................................................ 21
Hyporheic exchange across a mid-channel bar (RKM 27). ....................... 23
Hyporheic exchange across unvegetated section of mid-channel bar
(RKM 15). ..................................................................................................24
Week-long temperature profiles for a) Feldheimer, b) Eagle Creek,
and c) Barton bars. .....................................................................................26
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
2.1 Field and model data for representative Clackamas gravel bars. ............. 25
2.2 Values entered into mixing calculation. .................................................... 29
LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES
Figure
F.1
F.2
F.3
G.1
G.2
G.3
H.1
H.2
H.3
H.4.
H.5.
H.6
H.7
H.8
Page
Using sledgehammer to drive well installation tool into the ground. .........102
Steel rod with hexagonal tip exposed above an installed well. ..................103
Crew members driving piezometer into ground using jackhammer. .........104
Recovery curve from slug test in Well 3 on Feldheimer bar. .................... 108
Normalized head versus time. .................................................................... 108
Eagle Creek Well 1 data (black) plotted against best-fit type curve
(gray) using Butler and Garnett (2000)....................................................... 109
Feldheimer groundwater flow model with groundwater contours and
calibrated wells (pools of water)................................................................. 118
Feldheimer groundwater flow model showing hydraulic conductivity
polygons used to calibrate groundwater flow model. ................................. 118
Entire Eagle Creek model, with boundary conditions defined by
groundwater wells installed within a paleochannel. ................................... 119
Close up view of Eagle Creek bar with calibrated groundwater wells. ...... 120
Eagle Creek bar with MODPATH particle tracking after 12 hours............ 121
Hydraulic conductivity polygons for Eagle Creek bar................................ 122
Barton bar calibrated groundwater model...................................................123
Hydraulic conductivity polygons for Barton bar. ....................................... 124
LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES
Table
Page
A.1 Location and brief description of gravel bars on lower Clackamas
River...............................................................................................................45
B.1 Pebble count data. ......................................................................................... 51
C.1 Location and brief description of temperature anomalies. ............................ 67
E.1 2006 Total station survey data for Feldheimer bar. ...................................... 87
E.2 2006 Total station survey data for Eagle Creek bar. ..................................... 92
E.3 2006 Total station survey data for Barton bar. .............................................. 96
G.1 2006 Well locations and K values for Feldheimer bar. .................................106
G.2 2006 Well locations and K values for Eagle Creek bar. ...............................106
G.3 2006 Well locations and K values for Barton bar. ........................................106
G.4 Calculation of average bar K (area-weighted average). ................................ 116
I.1 2006 Thermistor locations for Feldheimer bar. ............................................ 126
I.2 2006 Thermistor locations for Eagle Creek bar. ........................................... 126
I.3 2006 Thermistor locations for Barton bar. .................................................... 126
I.4 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar. .............................................. 127
I.5 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar. ............................................ 147
I.6 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar. ..................................................... 163
G.1 Spreadsheet used to calculate hyporheic anomaly discharges. ..................... 178
1
INTRODUCTION
A river’s thermal regime is a key factor in determining the overall health of the
river ecosystem. River temperature controls what species can exist within the river, as
well as the distribution of those species (Vannote et al., 1980; Ebersole et al., 2001).
It determines growth rates of aquatic organisms and timing of emergence and
movement for fish such as salmon (Elliot and Hurley, 1997; Johnston, 1997). Water
temperature also influences microbial processing rates, which govern nutrient cycling
(Edwards, 1998).
River temperature varies diurnally and seasonally, cycles determined by
numerous, interrelated variables and heat exchange processes (Fig. 1.1). Although
these drivers may change naturally over time, several studies document how
anthropogenic impacts, whether applied directly to a river (e.g. channel diversion,
dams, or wastewater discharge) or to the land surrounding a river (e.g. deforestation,
urbanization), can affect a river temperature (e.g. Brown, 1970; Webb and Walling,
1993b; Johnson and Jones, 2000; Lowney, 2000; Sinokrot and Gulliver, 2000). This is
the case on the 6th-order, lower Clackamas River, where reservoir heating from a
series of hydroelectric dams has resulted in a 1-3 °C increase in maximum daily
temperature during summer low flows.
Regulatory temperature standards, such as those set by the Federal Clean Water
Act, are created to maintain high quality aquatic habitat and motivate mitigation when
river temperatures are out of compliance. However, mitigating temperature changes in
rivers is no easy task. In trying to decrease river temperature, one mitigation approach
is to increase shade, although this benefit decreases as rivers get wider and the fraction
of effectively shaded river decreases. Floodplain restoration may lead to the
development of alcoves or side channels that can provide thermal refugia for aquatic
organisms (Bryenton, 2007). This project investigates another thermal mitigation
strategy based on increasing hyporheic exchange through a planned program of gravel
augmentation.
Hyporheic exchange, where river water downwells into the shallow subsurface
and reemerges back into the main channel after a period of time, occurs where there
2
Figure 1.1 Heat exchange mechanisms that comprise river temperature budgets.
From Loheide and Gorelick (2007).
are changes hydraulic gradient within the river channel. This leads to river water
downwelling into the channel bed, banks, or across bar morphology. The residence
time of the water within the hyporheic zone can lead to out-of-phase mainstem and
hyporheic temperatures, where reemerging hyporheic water is cooler than the
mainstem in the middle of the afternoon and warmer than the mainstem at night. This
buffers river temperature fluctuations, which could decrease maximum and minimum
temperature peaks (Fig. 1.2). This effect is well documented over a range of river
sizes and bar morphology. Most studies observe a localized effect associated with bar
morphology, where emerging hyporheic water has a different temperature than the
mainstem (White et al., 1987; Evans and Petts, 1997; Brown et al., 2005; Hancock and
Boulton, 2005; Moore et al., 2005; Sliva and Williams, 2005; Cozzetto et al., 2006;
Fernald et al., 2006), but some studies do document a buffering of overall river
temperature (Arscott et al., 2001; Johnson, 2004). For example, Johnson (2004)
3
Figure 1.2 Schematic of idealized out-of-phase mainstem and hyporheic
temperature fluctuations and the resulting dampened temperature.
Figure 1.3 Stream temperature in two adjacent reaches of a stream in the HJ
Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, USA. Note the large diurnal temperature
fluctuations (gray) as water runs through the bedrock reach with no hyporheic
zone versus the small temperature fluctuations (black) present in the alluvial
reach with large hyporheic zone. Modified from Johnson, 2004.
4
Figure 1.4 Conceptual diagram describing how gravel augmentation can help
thermally restore a river.
reports that water temperatures are buffered up to 8.7 °C in a 2nd-order stream as it
flows through an alluvial reach (Fig. 1.3).
Adding gravel to the river would not only create new bars and/or enhance
existing bars, but would also increase the amount of water traveling through the
hyporheic zone. Increased hyporheic discharge could lead to more temperature
buffering which could affect the overall thermal regime of the river (Fig. 1.4).
The owner of the hydroelectric projects on the Clackamas River, Portland General
Electric (PGE), is interested in designing a gravel augmentation program below the
dams in order to restore sediment transport and enhance fish habitat. Given the
elevated temperatures on the lower river, they were also interested in learning about
potential thermal benefits from adding gravel. This work addresses that question by
qualifying and quantifying the amount of hyporheic exchange that currently affects
5
temperature on the lower Clackamas River, specifically hyporheic exchange that
occurs through gravel bars.
The project approach includes three components: 1) a geomorphic and thermal
characterization of the gravel bar population to identify where hyporheic exchange
occurs and its connections to bar morphology, 2) a detailed characterization of three
representative gravel bars in order to quantify the amount of emerging cooler
hyporheic water; and 3) a 1st-order mixing model to assess how the quantified
hyporheic exchange affects overall river temperature. Appendices A-J include much
of the data used and obtained throughout the study, including methodology for
collecting and using the data.
Understanding how much hyporheic exchange currently affects the lower
Clackamas River will provide insight as to how a gravel augmentation scenario could
potentially affect temperatures in a large river and improve aquatic habitat.
6
2
INFLUENCE OF HYPORHEIC FLOW AND GEOMORPHOLOGY ON
TEMPERATURE OF A LARGE, GRAVEL-BED RIVER, CLACKAMAS
RIVER, OREGON, USA
Barbara K. Burkholder
Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
Hydrological Processes
1 Oldlands Way, Bognor Regis, West Sussex PO22 9SA, England
Accepted for publication in Hydrological Processes
Copyright 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Reproduced by permission of John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
7
2.1
Abstract
The hyporheic zone influences the thermal regime of rivers, buffering
temperature by storing and releasing heat over a range of timescales. We examined the
relationship between hyporheic exchange and temperature along a 24-km reach of the
lower Clackamas River, a large gravel-bed river in northwestern Oregon (median
discharge = 75.7 m3/s; minimum mean monthly discharge = 22.7 m3/s in August
2006). With a simple mixing model, we estimated how much hyporheic exchange
cools the river during hot summer months. Hyporheic exchange was primarily
identified by temperature anomalies, which are patches of water that demonstrate at
least a 1 °C temperature difference from the main channel. Forty hyporheic
temperature anomalies were identified through field investigations and TIR (ThermalInfrared-Radiometry) in summer 2006. The location of anomalies was associated with
specific geomorphic features, primarily bar channels and bar heads that act as
preferential pathways for hyporheic flow. Detailed field characterization and
groundwater modeling on three Clackamas gravel bars indicate residence times of
hyporheic water can vary from hours to weeks and months. This was largely
determined by hydraulic conductivity, which is affected by how recently the gravel bar
formed or was reworked. Upscaling of modeled discharges and hydrologic parameters
from these bars to the other anomalies on the Clackamas network shows that
hyporheic discharge from anomalies comprises a small fraction (<< 1 %) of mainstem
discharge, resulting in small river cooling effects (0.012 °C). However, the presence
of cooler patches of water within rivers can act as thermal refugia for fish and other
aquatic organisms, making the creation or enhancement of hyporheic exchange an
attractive method in restoring the thermal regime of rivers.
2.2
Introduction
Understanding heat fluxes within rivers is increasingly important as
anthropogenic influences and changing climate alter river thermal regimes, which can
lead to shifts in aquatic species composition and changing rates of biogeochemical
processes (Evans et al., 1998; Poole and Berman, 2001). Numerous and inter-related
8
physical mechanisms influence stream temperature, making it difficult to distinguish
the magnitude or impact of individual drivers (Johnson, 2004).
Solar radiation (and shade), air temperature, groundwater inputs, and wind
speed are the primary external drivers in most rivers that determine how much heat is
added to or removed from the system (Sullivan and Adams, 1991). Internal drivers,
which include bed conduction and hyporheic exchange, do not remove heat from the
river channel but redistribute it temporally and spatially (Poole and Berman, 2001).
Hyporheic exchange, where surface water enters the shallow subsurface (channel bed,
banks or morphological features) and then reemerges back into the main channel, has
previously been thought to have little impact on river temperature (Brown 1969), but a
number of recent studies show that hyporheic exchange plays an important role in the
thermal dynamics of some streams (Story et al., 2003; Johnson, 2004; Loheide and
Gorelick, 2006).
The hyporheic zone serves as transient storage within a river, where river water
and heat can be retained for periods of time before being released back into the river
(Bencala and Walters, 1983; Bencala, 2005). As surface water downwells into and is
transported through the hyporheic zone, the heat within that water is transported and
exchanged by several processes (Fig. 2.1). Advection via fluid flow dominates heat
transfer (Stallman, 1965; Silliman et al., 1993; Silliman et al., 1995; Anderson, 2005;
Keery et al., 2006), although heat exchange may also influence hyporheic heat
transfer. Along hyporheic flow paths, heat exchanges with sediment by conduction.
This exchange is fast – dimensional analysis for cobbles of typical properties indicate
thermal equilibrium is achieved within an hour or two. Heat also exchanges with
groundwater by dispersion and conduction, and with the atmosphere by conduction
and movement of latent and sensible heat. If the water table is high, solar heating of
surface sediments may increase hyporheic water temperatures (Silliman et al., 1995,
Arrigoni et al., in press). Collectively, these processes generally lead to a combination
of “buffering, cooling and lagging” (Arrigoni et al., in press) of temperatures within
the hyporheic zone.
9
Figure 2.1: Conceptual diagram showing the different processes that influence
hyporheic water temperatures in a gravel bar (white). Advection (large
dashed/solid black arrow) transports hear via fluid flow, conduction (small black
arrows) transfers heat between sediment and hyporheic water, dispersion and
conduction (shaded zone within gravel bar) occur as hyporheic water and
groundwater interact, and incoming solar radiation indirectly warms hyporheic
water via conduction and transfer of latent and sensible heat.
Emergent hyporheic temperature may be different than the mainstem
temperature. Transport through the hyporheic zone may result in a temporal phase
shift between hyporheic and mainstem temperatures, where cooler hyporheic water
reemerges back into a warmer mainstem and vice versa. However, the mixing of
emerging hyporheic water and mainstem water does not ‘cool’ a river – mean
temperature may stay constant – but it does dampen diurnal temperature fluctuations
in the river by decreasing maximum temperatures and increasing minimum
temperatures (Johnson, 2004; Arrigoni et al., in press). This dampening results from
10
shielding of hyporheic water from changes in solar radiation and air temperature that
influence mainstem surface water temperature.
Hyporheic exchange can occur across several spatial scales, from roughness
elements on the stream bed to channel-scale riffles and bars to reach-scale meander
necks and floodplains (Edwards, 1998; Harvey and Wagner, 2000). Most hyporheic
temperature studies to date have focused on examining the relationship between
hyporheic exchange and channel-scale morphology. In smaller catchments, several
studies report finding cooler water emerging from the bottom of riffles or step-pool
structures (Evans and Petts, 1997; Brown et al., 2005; Hancock and Boulton, 2005;
Moore et al., 2005; Sliva and Williams, 2005; Hunt et al., 2006). Peterson and
Sickbert (2006) studied hyporheic exchange across a meander neck of a 3rd-order
stream and found that hyporheic temperatures correlate with seasonal temperature
variations, suggesting seasonal residence times. Fernald et al. (2000, 2006) reported
on a larger river (8th order), that cooler water emerges from gravel bars into ‘alcoves,’
or off-channel lentic water connected at the downstream end to the mainstem.
Additionally, hyporheic flows were more pronounced and had a greater impact on
river temperature where gravel had been recently reworked by river flows. Arscott et
al. (2001) found that hyporheic exchange generated significant temperature
heterogeneity in higher-order reaches (2nd - 7th).
In reach-scale temperature studies, longitudinal trends in temperature
demonstrate spatial and temporal thermal heterogeneity. Johnson (2004) compared
bedrock and alluvial reaches along the same reach of 1st- and 2nd-order streams and
found maximum daily temperatures were buffered by as much as 8.7°C. Torgersen et
al. (1999) used thermal imagery along a river reach and found that the general increase
in temperature downstream contained several peaks and troughs, reflecting bedrock
and alluvial reaches respectively.
There are few hyporheic temperature studies for larger, lower-gradient rivers,
and none have quantified the effect of hyporheic exchange on overall longitudinal
river temperature. In this study we sought to: 1) identify areas of hyporheic exchange
on a large, gravel-bed river and investigate their relationship with channel
11
morphological features, 2) quantify the amount of hyporheic exchange occurring, and
3) estimate how much hyporheic exchange affects overall river temperatures.
2.3
2.3.1
Methods
Study Area:
The Clackamas River is a 6th-order, gravel-bed river in northwestern Oregon,
USA that drains approximately 2,430 km2 from its headwaters in the Cascade Range
to its confluence with the Willamette River in Oregon City. Our study focused on a
24-km reach on the lower Clackamas River, stretching from River Mill Dam (River
km 37 (RKM 37)) to Carver, Oregon (RKM 13) (Fig. 2.2). The dam location marks a
change of topography within the drainage basin, with the river moving from a
confined canyon into a broad valley. Longitudinal gradients below the dam along the
study reach average 0.0029 (Wampler, 2004). The median annual flow is 75.7 m3/s
and the median summer flow is 25.9 m3/s.
Sediment supply to the lower river is generated primarily from periglacial
sediment in the Cascade Range. Dam infrastructure on the Clackamas has cut off this
supply for almost 100 years, and sediment inputs into the reach are limited to periodic
erosion of alluvial Holocene terraces (Wampler, 2004). However, an extensive gravel
bar population (> 50 bars) is distributed throughout the study reach, with median
grain-size of 7.5 cm (Wampler, 2004). The population is composed primarily of midchannel bars (55 % of bars by area), with lateral bars (34 %) and point bars (11 %)
making up the rest of the network. The bar alluvium, which can range up to 6 m in
thickness, rests on cemented, fine-grained Miocene volcanoclastics and mudstones.
The Sandy River Mudstone, which underlies the lower 21 km of the study reach, is
easily eroded, leading to rapid formation of flutes and potholes when bedrock surfaces
are exposed (Wampler, 2004).
Gravel bar stability decreases downstream, with well-vegetated, coarsegrained, skeletal bars, bars without finer sediments (median grain size (D50) surface:
15 - 30 cm), in the upper 3 km of the reach grading into unvegetated bars with smaller
grain sizes (D50 surface = 5 - 7 cm). Wampler (2004) points out that the presence of
12
Figure 2.2 Site location and study reach, lower Clackamas River, Oregon, USA.
the dam most likely causes this effect, as winter flows (850 - 1130 m3/s) winnow out
fines and smaller particles from the upper reaches and transport them downstream.
Winter flows influence bar morphology throughout the reach, with most gravel
reworking occurring between Feldheimer (RKM 30) and Carver (RKM 13).
The dam also affects the river temperature regime, especially during low flows
in the summer months. The magnitude of this change has been modeled with CEQUAL-W2, a hydrodynamic 2D water quality model, which shows that the Clackamas
River currently exceeds state temperature standards by 1 - 3 ˚C from July to
September (Portland General Electric, 2005). Current research in association with
dam relicensing efforts are exploring natural mechanisms of thermal mitigation,
including potential thermal benefits of adding gravel to the river to increase the
amount of hyporheic exchange and hyporheic buffering.
13
2.3.2
Field measurements and data collection:
Our field campaign from July to September 2006 investigated the gravel bars
within the study reach, the hypothesized primary location of hyporheic flow that could
influence mainstem river temperature. Due to the length of the study reach, hyporheic
exchange was identified using techniques that were easy to conduct and replicate over
24 km of river. During early reconnaissance we identified locations with visually
observable flow from gravel bars and used a handheld YSI 63 electrical conductivity
and temperature probe (Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA) to identify temperature
anomalies, which we defined as patches of water that deviate from mainstem water
temperatures by at least 1 °C. The handheld probe was used to conduct temperature
surveys around bar perimeters and identify anomaly locations. Reference mainstem
temperatures were taken during temperature surveys at each site to account for diurnal
heating of the river. Once an anomaly was identified, we also recorded electrical
conductivity and width and depth along gravel bar edges. Groundwater inputs were
distinguished from hyporheic flow by: (1) water emerging from channel edges rather
than gravel bars; (2) higher specific conductance (> 80 μS/cm compared to river 55 –
65 μS/cm); (3) iron-stained sediment resulting from groundwater oxidation; and/or (4)
consistent temperatures representative of groundwater (10 - 12 °C (Well logs obtained
from OWRD)). River discharge decreased throughout the summer (from
28 to 21 m3/s), and to capture how this impacted the hyporheic zone, most identified
anomaly sites were revisited several times over the summer to take more temperature
measurements and re-measure anomaly dimensions.
Two Thermal-Infrared Radiometry (TIR) surveys were flown over the study
reach on August 13th, 2006, one at 6 am and the other at 3 pm (Watershed Sciences,
Inc., Corvallis, Oregon, USA). This provided a complete 2D map of daily maximum
and minimum river surface temperatures, as well as an additional visual method to
observe and detect temperature anomalies. Longitudinal temperature profiles were
constructed by taking the median temperature for each sampled image per river
kilometer. In-stream temperature loggers deployed throughout the study reach before
14
the flights were used to calibrate and verify the accuracy of TIR data. Pixel resolution
of imagery is 0.9 m.
Three gravel bars with temperature anomalies were selected for detailed field
characterization and modeling. These three representative bars exhibited geomorphic
features and sedimentological textures characteristic of the majority of the gravel bar
population on the lower Clackamas River. Field characterization included
examination of bar type, location within the reach, sediment size, presence of
vegetation, and bar history. Based on comparison of aerial photos from July 2005
(discharge, Q = 29.3 m3/s) and August 2006 (Q = 23 m3/s), gravel features that did not
appear in 2005 photos but were mapped in 2006 are considered ‘new’ features. We
refer to all other features as older, but recognize that these bars also have a distribution
of ages. Figure 2.3 shows basic bar morphology and interpreted hyporheic flow paths
for each bar. Feldheimer bar (RKM 30) is an older, large lateral bar that is wellvegetated except for a 350-m long unvegetated back-bar channel that becomes active
during high flow. Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26) is a new gravel feature that formed
along an older bar edge during 2005 winter flows (Fig. 2.4). Barton bar is a midchannel bar (RKM 20) that has new infillings of gravel among older bar deposits
(Fig. 2.4).
Each bar was instrumented with several 3.4-cm inner diameter (1.33-in)
galvanized steel piezometers (Maas Midwest Manufacturing, Huntley, Illinois, USA)
with 17.8-cm (7-in) screens immediately above a conical drive point (3 piezometers in
Feldheimer bar, 3 in Eagle Creek bar, 5 in Barton bar). Given the large diameter of the
sediment composing the gravel bars, it was not feasible to install the piezometers by
hand-driven methods. A gas-powered jackhammer was used to drive the piezometers
into the gravel bars, usually through at least 1 m of sediment to a depth of
approximately 0.5 m beneath the water table. We assumed that flow across the gravel
bars in the hyporheic zone is predominantly horizontal, which is hydrogeologically
reasonable. Consequently, hydraulic head would have negligible changes with depth.
Therefore, we put highest priority on horizontal separation of piezometers and did not
install any multilevel piezometers. Alexander and MacQuarrie (2005) showed that
15
Figure 2.3 Summer 2006 aerial imagery and schematic diagram for a)
Feldheimer, b) Eagle Creek, and c) Barton gravel bars (see Fig. 2.2 for locations).
Piezometer locations (black dots) and interpreted subsurface flow paths (dashed
gray lines) are overlain on open gravel (white) and vegetated areas (dark gray).
Mainstem (light gray) flow direction given by solid black arrows. Riffles
represented by zigzag pattern.
16
Figure 2.4 Aerial imagery showing gravel reworking between summers 2005 (left)
and 2006 (right) for a) Eagle Creek and b) Barton bars. Dashed black lines
follows outline of 2005 gravel bars and solid black arrows indicate flow direction
of temperature anomalies.
temperature measurements within steel piezometers have less than 0.1 °C error and are
perfectly correlated to in-situ measurements.
Topographic surveys were conducted at each bar, using both a Leica TCRP
1201 total station (Heerbrugg, Switzerland) and a Trimble 4700 RTK GPS
(Sunnyvale, California, USA). We mapped water edges, notable topographic features,
and piezometer locations. Heads within piezometers were obtained through surveying
17
the elevation of the top of the piezometer and subtracting the distance to the water
table (2 cm vertical accuracy). Tidbit Stowaway thermistors (0.2 °C accuracy, Onset,
Bourne, Massachusetts, USA) were checked against a 0.1 °C resolution NISTtraceable thermometer (Cole-Parmer, Vernon Hills, Illinois, USA) and placed within
the screened section of the piezometers where they recorded temperature every 15 min
for 7 - 10 days. Tidbits were also placed at head of the bar to record mainstem
temperatures of water entering the bar and also placed in areas of emerging hyporheic
flow. Slug tests were conducted within each piezometer, and results were analyzed
using methods outlined by Bouwer and Rice (1976) and Butler and Garnett (2000).
2.3.3
Model simulations of hyporheic exchange within gravel bars:
Topographic surveys, slug tests, and temperature mapping from the selected
gravel bars were used to build and parameterize steady-state groundwater flow models
using MODFLOW (McDonald and Harbaugh, 1988) implemented via the GMS
interface (Environmental Monitoring Systems, Inc., South Jordan, Utah, USA).
Model domains were one-layer thick finite difference grids with square cells,
generally ranging between 0.2 m and 0.5 m (depending on the size of the bar being
modeled). Models were calibrated to water table elevations in piezometers and
anomaly outflow dimensions. On two bars, residence time distributions from detailed
Tidbit temperature surveys, simulated with the particle tracking package MODPATH
(Pollack, 1994), were also used to calibrate the models. A flow-budget module within
MODFLOW was used to calculate the hyporheic discharge emerging from the
anomalies, and MODPATH provided a distribution of water residence times.
2.3.4
Upscaling hyporheic exchange to the reach scale:
To assess how hyporheic exchange from gravel bars affects overall river
temperatures, we calculated discharges for all anomalies interpreted to be driven by
primarily hyporheic flow. We intentionally excluded anomalies that were interpreted
to be due to groundwater. We estimated flux through each representative anomaly
using Darcy’s law (Qh = - K ∇h Ah). While technically valid at a point, we applied
18
Darcy’s law across temperature anomalies by assuming uniform parameters; the
accuracy of this is discussed below. Qh is hyporheic discharge (L3/T) (as defined it is
a vector, but we used only the magnitude), Ah is the cross-sectional area of the
hyporheic discharge (L2), K is the hydraulic conductivity of the sediment (L/T), and
∇h is hydraulic gradient (L/L). Ah was calculated by field measurement of the length
across the edge of a gravel bar where we could detect a temperature difference and an
estimate of the depth of gravel contributing to hyporheic flow. Hydraulic gradient
across bars, in most cases, was measured in the field (N = 27). On bars where
hydraulic gradient was not directly measured (N = 13), we used the average of the
field measurements of cross-bar gradients.
Using aerial photographs from 2005 and 2006, we estimated K for each
anomaly based on how recently a gravel bar has been created or significantly
reworked. From our observations, we assumed that new gravel bars or portions of
pre-existing bars that formed during the previous year’s high flows were likely to have
a higher K than older bars, inferring that these deposits will not have been
substantially infiltrated by fines. Older gravel bars, on the other hand, were
interpreted as more likely to have had finer sediments infiltrating the sediment matrix,
leading to lower K values (Packman and Salehin, 2003). Some bars are a combination
of both older and newer gravel deposits, which can lead to large differences in K over
a limited area. Model data from our three representative bars helped us constrain
hydraulic conductivities by giving us a K estimate for newer and older bars, as well as
bars with both newer and older deposits. The limitations of this approach will be
discussed in results.
We checked the accuracy of the Darcy’s law discharge estimates against the
discharge calculated by the groundwater flow models. We estimated parameters for
Darcy’s law using field estimates of average hydraulic gradient and hyporheic area.
We also used a spatially-averaged K value from the groundwater models. Darcy’s law
and a full groundwater flow model yield nearly the same discharges: the relationship is
approximately 1:1 and the mean difference between them is 25 % (Fig. 2.5). The
discharges are nearly the same for the following reasons: changes in gradient (both
19
Figure 2.5 Comparison of calculated (Darcy's law) and modeled (MODFLOW)
hyporheic discharge for temperature anomalies on gravel bars. 1:1 line shown for
reference.
direction and magnitude) along the flow paths are small; we assumed K and crosssectional area of hyporheic discharge are homogeneous along flow paths in both the
Darcy’s law and groundwater flow model calculations; and no sources or sinks of
water exist along the flow paths. While there are significant heterogeneities in K
within and between gravel bars, these within bar heterogeneities are at a large scale in
comparison to the gravel bar, meaning that individual flow paths have relatively
homogeneous K. Consequently, the Darcy’s law approach provides a reasonable and
feasible estimate of hyporheic discharge, and we confidently employ it for the other
temperature anomalies on the Clackamas.
All field and model data can be obtained from appendices in Burkholder
(2008).
20
2.4
2.4.1
RESULTS
Thermal Infrared Radiometry (TIR):
TIR was used to construct a reach-scale longitudinal profile of stream
temperatures as recorded at two points in time (Fig. 2.6). Comparison between
thermal images and in-stream temperature loggers suggests that thermal images are
within 0.5 °C of directly measured mainstem temperatures. Water released from the
dam had a constant temperature of approximately 17.4 °C. Water warmed
downstream during the day and cooled during the night, with rates of warming and
cooling decreasing downstream, presumably either because stream temperatures are
closer to thermal equilibrium with the atmosphere and/or because increased discharge
downstream (from groundwater and tributary inputs) creates a larger volume of water
to be heated/cooled. Consequently, the warmest point in the reach during the day was
near Barton (RKM 21), which approximately corresponds to the distance water
traveled in daylight hours from the dam (16 km) (see analysis in Khangaonkar and
Yang, in press). Further downstream, water was cooler because this water traveled
some distance downstream from the dam during the night. An inverse pattern was
observable in the early morning, with minimum temperatures recorded at Barton
(Fig. 6). This modulation of temperature amplitudes below a dam is well documented
(Polehn and Kinsel, 1997; Lowney, 2000) and was recently re-visited for the
Clackamas River by Khangaonkar and Yang (in press).
TIR demonstrates that significant spatial and temporal thermal heterogeneity
exists within the study reach. TIR morning imagery detected 34 temperature
anomalies using the 1 °C rule, 16 of which were not previously identified in the field.
These warmer patches of water emerged from gravel bars into a cooler mainstem
(Figs. 2.7, 2.8). Anomalies with temperatures cooler than the mainstem were also
detected in morning imagery, suggestive of groundwater influx rather than hyporheic
exchange. Afternoon flight imagery was not useful in identifying cooler hyporheic
patches. TIR measures temperatures at the surface, which masked the denser, cooler
water that emerged below the warmer surface water surface. The resolution of the
21
Figure 2.6 Longitudinal temperature profiles of the lower Clackamas River from
River Mill Dam (RKM 37) to Carver, Oregon (RKM 13) recorded by TIR on
August 13th, 2006. In-stream data loggers (black circles) indicate river
temperature with measurement error.
imagery may also play a role in masking anomalies by averaging the much warmer
gravel shoreline with cooler water temperatures in a single pixel.
2.4.2
Bar geomorphology controls on hyporheic exchange:
A total of 52 temperature anomalies were identified by a combination of field
investigations and TIR imagery over summer 2006. Depending on time of day, these
features discharged water that generally ranged from 1 to 4 °C different than the
mainstem. The anomalies were distributed along the entire 24-km study reach, with
the greatest anomaly density (3.0 anomalies/km) in the 6.4-km reach between the
22
Eagle Creek confluence to just below Barton (RKM 26.4 to RKM 20). The lowest
density (1.4 anomalies/km) was in the 8-km reach immediately below River Mill
Dam. This is consistent with previously interpreted levels of bar activity and presence
of skeletal bars (bars without finer gravel) in the reaches immediately below the dam
(Wampler, 2004).
Twelve anomalies were interpreted as primarily due to groundwater seepage
rather than hyporheic exchange, based on the criteria outlined in methods. The
remaining 40 anomalies are interpreted to be primarily driven by downwelling of river
water, although we recognize they may also be influenced by some heat exchange
with groundwater. This is supported by the fact that groundwater and hyporheic
anomalies tended to occur adjacent to one another on individual gravel bars (6 of 12
identified groundwater seeps). One anomaly demonstrated warmer temperatures in
the late afternoon, but the water table was near the uppermost gravel surface and was
likely influenced by heat of the gravel.
All hyporheic temperature anomalies occur on the edges of gravel bars.
However, in most cases, they do not extend across the entire downstream edge of a
gravel bar. Instead, they occur in association with specific geomorphic features
present on gravel bars, features whose hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity
promote hyporheic residence times that result in offset hyporheic and mainstem
temperature signals.
Twenty-four hyporheic anomalies (60 %) occur at the downstream end of bar
channels, which are unvegetated pathways that are active during high flows (e.g.,
Feldheimer and Barton bars). These channels occurred along the back margin of bars
(i.e., away from the mainstem), across bars, or as paleochannels that have been infilled
by new gravel. Gradients along bar channels were higher than the longitudinal river
gradient (mean cross-bar gradient: 0.007 compared to mean longitudinal gradient:
0.0029). Temperature anomalies associated with bar channels formed discrete, small
patches (< 0.5 to 1 m in length as measured along the bar margin), due to the more
defined structure of the feature (Fig. 2.7).
23
Figure 2.7 Hyporheic exchange across a mid-channel bar (RKM 27). A) Dashed
arrows on 2006 aerial photography indicate likely hyporheic flow paths through
cross-bar channel feature. B) Small, discrete temperature anomaly identified on 6
am TIR photography.
Sixteen hyporheic anomalies (40 %) were located downstream from bar heads,
where hyporheic exchange follows a cross-bar gradient from hydraulically pooled
water at the bar head to upwelling at the bar tail. (e.g. Eagle Creek bar) (Fig. 2.8).
Unlike bar channels, we interpret hyporheic flow through this geomorphic feature as
not being confined to discrete subsurface channels, but occurring across riffle
structures, large sections of bars, or entire bars. Downstream temperature anomalies
associated with this feature were laterally extensive (up to 25 m along gravel bar
edges). Bar heads were primarily found on mid-channel bars, where branching of the
mainstem creates higher hydraulic gradients (0.005 - 0.012) due to elevation
differences between channels.
Decreases in river discharge throughout the summer, particularly from July to
August, did influence the size of temperature anomalies. Generally, as discharge
24
Figure 2.8 Hyporheic exchange across unvegetated section of mid-channel bar
(RKM 15). A) Dashed arrows indicate likely hyporheic flow paths through bar
head feature. B) Laterally extensive temperature anomaly identified on TIR 6 am
photography.
decreased, the width of several temperature anomalies along gravel bar edges also
decreased (up to 1 – 2 m). However, all except 2 hyporheic anomalies persisted
through late July and August when river temperatures were highest in the channel.
2.4.3
Bar-scale data and model analysis:
We summarize field and model data for each of the gravel bars selected for
further characterization in Table 1. Changes in piezometer head elevations from upper
to lower ends of the gravel bars varied, with about 0.1 - 0.2 m change across Eagle
Creek and Barton bars and 0.682 m across the larger Feldheimer bar. Slug tests within
piezometers demonstrated different behaviors between new and older gravel bars. In
older bars (Feldheimer bar and sections of Barton bar), K ranges from 1.1 x 10-6 m/s to
7.7 x 10-5 m/s. In gravel that had been recently reworked (Eagle Creek bar and
25
Table 2.1: Field and model data for representative Clackamas gravel bars.
Parameter
Bar type
Geomorphic
feature
Gradient (m/m)
Feldheimer bar
RKM 30
Eagle Creek bar
RKM 26
Barton bar
RKM 20
Lateral
Point Bar
Mid-channel
Back-bar channel
0.010
Bar head
0.012
Remnant channel
0.015
D50 surface (cm)
D50 subsurface
(cm)
Hyporheic area
(m2)
6.4
5.8
6.9
1.2
3.4
2.2
34
66
8
Average K (m/s)
Residence time (d)
1.99 x 10-5
~1040 d
6.19 x 10-2
0.49
1.93x 10-3
~12
Discharge (m3/s)
6.73 x 10-6
4.28 x 10-2
1.85 x 10-4
sections of Barton bar), 5 - 10 second recovery to static water levels with atypical
recovery curves made it difficult to assess hydraulic conductivity using established
high-K slug test analysis methods. Estimates of K were obtained by calibrating the
appropriate MODFLOW models to travel time measured in offset temperature
fluctuations. Hydraulic conductivity estimates average 6.19 x 10-2 m/s from the
calibrated Eagle Creek bar model and 1.93 x 10-3 m/s from the calibrated Barton bar
model.
Week-long temperature surveys also showed important differences between
the older and newer gravel bars (Fig. 9). Temperatures in Eagle Creek bar showed a
diurnal variation in temperature. As water from the mainstem moves through the bar,
diurnal peaks in temperature were reduced to 20 % of their original peak height when
they emerged back into the main channel, reflective of advective and conductive heat
transfer. The phase lag in emerging hyporheic temperature indicates an 11.5 - 11.8 h
water residence time, which approaches the maximum phase shift possible.
Temperature surveys from within Feldheimer and Barton bars did not fluctuate
diurnally, but temperatures measured in downgradient piezometers were cooler than in
upgradient piezometers (Fig. 2.9). The lack of diurnal temperature fluctuations is more
indicative of groundwater rather than hyporheic exchange, but water temperatures
26
Figure 2.9 Week-long temperature profiles for a) Feldheimer, b) Eagle Creek,
and c) Barton bars. Surface mainstem temperatures (solid black lines) show
dampening of diurnal fluctuations in emerging hyporheic flow (solid gray lines).
Dashed gray lines represent within bar well temperatures.
27
within the piezometers are well above ambient groundwater temperatures, suggesting
that the water originated from the river channel. The loss of diurnal fluctuation is
likely due to longer residence times (weeks to months), which is consistent with the
much lower K values within the bars as estimated from slug tests and MODFLOW.
Longer residence time can buffer and lag temperatures on a seasonal basis. For
example, the temperature of emerging hyporheic water at Barton was consistently
warmer than the mainstem channel in mid-September (Fig. 2.9) because cloudy,
cooler weather reduced the amount of heat gained by the mainstem. Groundwater
contributions may still be significant in emerging hyporheic temperatures, especially
on Feldheimer bar which is connected to the channel edge.
Estimates of discharge emerging from each temperature anomaly are
dependent on hydraulic gradient, hyporheic cross-sectional area, and K (Table 1). Of
these variables, K has the most influence over hyporheic discharge. Eagle Creek bar,
with the highest average K (6.19 x 10-2 m/s) and largest hyporheic area (66 m2), has
the greatest calculated discharge of 42.5 L/s (0.0425 m3/s), or 0.002 % of the
mainstem discharge. Feldheimer bar, with the lowest average K (1.99 x 10-5 m/s) and
relatively large hyporheic area (34 m2), has the lowest discharge of 0.00673 L/s
(6.73 x 10-6 m3/s), almost four orders of magnitude lower than Eagle Creek. Barton
bar, with an intermediate K (1.93 x 10-3 m/s) but small hyporheic area (8 m2) has an
anomaly discharge of 1.85 L/s (1.85 x 10-4 m3/s), which is two orders of magnitude
lower than Eagle Creek.
2.4.4
Hyporheic effect from anomalies on river temperature:
Estimates of K for the three representative bars were used to estimate K values
for the larger population of hyporheic temperature anomalies, using an inferred
association between recent gravel reworking and K. Using aerial photo analysis to
assess the degree of gravel reworking that occurred on bars during 2005-2006 winter
flows, we assigned an Eagle Creek K value of 6.19 x 10-2 m/s to new bars or bars that
were extensively reworked, a Barton K value of 1.93 x 10-3 m/s to bars that showed
some degree of reworking, and a Feldheimer K value of 1.99 x 10-5 m/s to older bars
28
with little to no gravel reworking. We recognize that K is a highly variable and
sensitive parameter, and our approach does not address downstream fining of
sediments and changes in sediment packing. We view this approach as providing a
rough estimate of the overall order-of-magnitude effect of anomaly-based hyporheic
flow on stream temperatures that is consistent with the limited data available.
The change in river temperature due to hyporheic discharge can be
approximated using a mixing equation
Tc =
QmTm +
∑ (Q T )
h
h
(2)
Qc
where Qm is mainstem discharge (L3/T), Tm is mainstem temperature (˚C), Qh is
hyporheic discharge (L3/T), Th is hyporheic temperature (˚C), Qc is combined
discharge (L3/T), and Tc is combined river temperature (˚C). This equation neglects
other sources and sinks of heat, offsets in time due to travel time from one anomaly to
the next, and dispersion. These effects are discussed below. We emphasize that we
investigated only hyporheic exchange, and not the effects of groundwater inputs on
river temperature, so groundwater seeps were not included. Solving for Tc and
subtracting it from mainstem temperature, Tm, gives the amount of river cooling
expected from hyporheic exchange. To check the accuracy of the mixing equation
approach, we compared it to results from a 2D hydrodynamic temperature model of
the lower Clackamas River. We used CE-QUAL-W2 (Coles and Wells, 2004), a 2-D
hydrodynamic model which incorporates the full spectrum of heat sources and sinks,
to estimate river temperature sensitivity to hyporheic exchange. The CE-QUAL-W2
model was parameterized with a network of meteorological sensors that provided air
temperature (2 points), short- and long-wave radiation (1 point), cloud cover (1 point),
wind speed (4 points), and humidity (3 points). Other details on the model are
provided by Battelle (2004) and Khangaonkar and Yang (in press). We used anomaly
discharge, residence time, and temperature from the Eagle Creek bar and added 40
additional Eagle Creek-like anomalies throughout the river (in effect, doubling the
number of current hyporheic anomalies), maintaining the same degree of anomaly
density between different stretches of river. The model estimates river cooling of
29
0.16 ˚C. Using the mixing model, we estimated the cooling associated with the Eagle
Creek anomaly (0.006 ˚C) and to simulate gravel augmentation, multiplied that effect
by 40. This gives a river cooling estimate of 0.24 ˚C, an overestimate of 50%.
Using parameters shown in Table 2, the mixing equation estimates that
existing hyporheic anomaly-based hyporheic discharge (0.07 % of total mainstem
discharge) provides a local cooling of the summer time maximum daily temperature in
lower Clackamas River by 0.012 °C.
Table 2.2: Values entered into mixing calculation.
Parameter
Value
Source
3
Qm
22.547 m /s
Tm
19.20 °C
3
Qc-Qh
Mean temperature for August 13th, 2006
Qh
0.153 m /s
Sum of all temperature anomaly discharges
Th
depends
Tm - magnitude of cooling for each anomaly
Σ(QhTh)
2.660
Qc
22.7 m3/s
USGS River Gauge at Estacada, Oregon
Tc
19.187 ˚C
QmTm+Σ(QhTh)/Qc
Cooling
0.012 ˚C
Tm-Tc
2.5
DISCUSSION
We estimate that existing hyporheic flow in the Clackamas has a minimal
impact on daily maximum temperature. This estimate is subject to three significant
sources of uncertainty detailed below: the estimate of K; the calculation of discharge;
and unaccounted for hyporheic exchange.
First, determining K for each of the gravel bars with temperature anomalies is
difficult. We assigned K values using data from our 3 intensively studied bars to all
anomalies in the study reach based on whether a bar was new, older, or a combination
of new and older deposits. We do not know if this approach over- or under-predicts K
values, but overall temperature effects in the mainstem are very sensitive to
assignment of K values. By way of sensitivity analysis, if all gravel bars are assigned
the maximum measured value of K (Eagle Creek), the mixing model estimates an
overall reduction in maximum daily temperatures in the summer of 2006 as 0.021 °C.
30
If all gravel bars are assigned the minimum measured value of K (Feldheimer), the
mixing model estimates a reduction in maximum daily temperatures of 7.14 x 10-6 °C.
Secondly, we used a simple mixing equation to estimate the effect of hyporheic
discharge on mainstem temperature. The steady state simplification assumes that the
cooling over multiple anomalies is cumulative and neglects decay and phase effects
due to travel time (i.e., temperature is treated conservatively). This model may
overestimate the temperature effect. Our comparison with CE-QUAL-W2, which
accounts for longitudinal heat loss/gain, demonstrates that if we added 40 Eagle Creek
bars on the lower Clackamas by gravel augmentation and make the same calculation
with the mixing model as outlined above, the mixing model overestimates the cooling
effect by 50 %.
Finally, our study has focused on quantifying hyporheic exchange over
summer 2006 on gravel bars that consistently demonstrated different temperatures
from the mainstem, due to buffering and lagging of heat resulting from advection and
conduction. We did not quantify the thermal effects of diffuse hyporheic discharge
through gravel bars where we did not detect a temperature difference, nor did we
attempt to assign cooling associated with the simple downwelling of water into gravel
bars (where water is not exposed to solar radiation or ambient air temperature). Also,
we did not take other hyporheic spatial scales into account, including flow through
submerged gravel bedforms (e.g., bed roughness elements), meander necks or
floodplains. Exclusion of these effects underestimates the total amount of hyporheic
cooling.
Reconciling these sources of error, which point in different directions, is
difficult. Obtaining more refined estimates of K and hyporheic anomaly discharge
would require building additional groundwater models for many more gravel bars on
the lower Clackamas. Additional field studies and modeling exercises would examine
other spatial scales of hyporheic flow and the thermal benefit afforded by water simply
being shielded from solar radiation as it downwells into gravel.
Even within the constraints imposed by the uncertainties in our study,
however, we believe our estimate of cooling is not likely to change drastically. Unlike
31
smaller streams that may see several degrees of cooling from hyporheic buffering
(Johnson, 2004), our results suggest that hyporheic exchange will cool larger rivers
only a fraction of a degree. This is likely due to diminishing opportunities for
hyporheic exchange as channel size increases (D’Angelo et al., 1993; Boulton et al.,
1998). We found that in the Clackamas River, hyporheic discharge comprised only a
fraction of mainstem summer discharge (<< 1 %). It is therefore difficult for hyporheic
exchange to exert significant effect on stream temperature, because any hyporheic
buffering present is diluted by large mainstem discharges.
Although hyporheic discharge may not have a large effect on overall river
temperature in a large river, we found that it can effectively create localized patches of
water that have different temperatures from the mainstem. These patches increase
thermal heterogeneity within the river channel and can provide thermal refugia (up to
4 ˚C cooler) for aquatic species that are stressed by conditions in the mainstem
channel (Fernald et al., 2006 and Arscott et al., 2001).
Similar to previous studies (e.g., Kasahara and Wondzell, 2003; Poole et al.,
2006), we found that channel-scale morphology controls hyporheic exchange in the
Clackamas River, which in turn influences thermal heterogeneity (Arscott et al., 2001;
Fernald et al., 2006). All anomalies were associated with gravel bars, with the largest
discharges emerging from anomalies located downstream from bar heads. The largest
number of anomalies was associated with bar channels, but these produced only
modest hyporheic discharges.
In most cases, the link between channel morphology and hyporheic flow
reflects morphologic control on the distribution and hydraulic properties of
preferential flow paths in bars. Temperature anomalies were consistently located
downstream from observed or inferred flow paths, which are assumed to feed
subsurface channels. Although these geomorphic features usually comprise only a
fraction of a gravel bar’s area, they generally have higher K values than other parts of
the same bar (Wondzell and Swanson, 1999; Fernald et. al., 2006). The bar channels
and heads that had associated anomalies with the greatest hyporheic discharges had
been reworked recently during recent high winter flows and presumably had fewer
32
fines than older and less reworked parts of the bar. These older bar surfaces tended to
be well-vegetated and have likely accumulated fines for longer periods of time. Our
slug tests also suggested that K values can vary dramatically between newer and older
bar features.
Bar channels and bar heads also have hydraulic gradients greater than the
longitudinal river gradient due to downstream hydraulic controls and backwater
effects. The slope transition at the head of the bar in effect acts as a broad-crested
weir, slowing upstream flows. The water that does infiltrate the head of the bar will
generally follow a shorter flow path directly through the bar; this will be the steepest
gradient across the bar. Together, higher K and steeper hydraulic gradient create
preferential flow paths, concentrating hyporheic flow. At Eagle Creek, we estimate
that 76 % of the total hyporheic flow in the bar was focused along a preferential flow
path, giving rise to the downstream temperature anomaly.
On some bars, we found recently reworked bar channels and bar heads that
appeared ideal candidates for preferential hyporheic flow, but no temperature anomaly
was found. We speculate that in these cases hyporheic flow was present but in phase
with mainstem temperature. For a maximum temperature difference to occur, the
travel time across the bar must be 24(N-1/2) h where N is a positive integer. A
minimum temperature difference occurs, regardless of hyporheic discharge, at 24 N h.
This means that certain bar sizes and K values can produce significant hyporheic flow
but have no appreciable effect on the river temperature.
This study reveals the close coupling among channel morphology, hyporheic
flow, and thermal heterogeneity. The relationship among these processes will be
affected by channel dynamics in both natural rivers and those located downstream
from dams or other anthropogenic influences. In the case of the Clackamas, long-term
reduction in sediment supply and transport due to upstream dams has resulted in at
least some reaches with limited gravel and skeletal coarse bars. The proposed
artificial introduction of gravel to the river below the lowest dam has the potential to
increase sediment transport, thereby affecting rates of bar construction, reworking, and
channel migration. By the results presented here, there should be at least some local
33
effects on stream temperatures due to this increased channel activity. It remains to be
seen what the magnitude and location of this effect is likely to be, but the opportunity
to examine the relationships among channel morphology, stream temperature and
hyporheic flow represents an ideal field experiment.
2.6
CONCLUSIONS
Our field investigation identified 40 temperature anomalies over a 24-km reach
on the lower Clackamas River, a low gradient, gravel-bed river. Temperature
anomalies are the result of hyporheic exchange deviating from mainstem temperatures
throughout the day, largely due to buffering and lagging of advected heat. The
occurrence of temperature anomalies depends strongly on the presence of bar
morphology. More specifically, hyporheic exchange that directly influences river
temperature is associated with geomorphic features on bars like bar channels and bar
heads that exhibit higher gradients (versus river gradient) and higher hydraulic
conductivities. The flow emerging from these anomalies is largely controlled by the
hydraulic conductivity of the sediments, meaning that gravel bars that have recently
formed or been reworked will have greater hyporheic discharges.
A simple mixing model demonstrates that the overall cooling effect associated
with these temperature anomalies is small (0.012˚C) due to the fact that hyporheic
discharge emerging from these anomalies is only a small fraction (< 0.07 %) of
mainstem discharge in a large river. However, these patches of cooler water can
benefit cold water species such as salmon, providing local habitat and refugia from
warmer mainstem temperatures. With emerging interest in river restoration and
incorporating natural river processes into restoration projects (Boulton, 2007), the
creation or enhancement of cool patches resulting from hyporheic exchange is a viable
method that could be used to offset the harmful effects of thermal degradation.
34
3
CONCLUSIONS
The motivation behind this project was to determine the sensitivity of a large,
gravel-bed river to the temperature buffering effects of hyporheic exchange and
postulate how gravel augmentation could cool a river by increasing hyporheic
exchange.
Temperature surveys and TIR demonstrated that significant thermal heterogeneity
exists on the lower Clackamas River, especially with regard to the gravel bar
population. A large driver of this heterogeneity is due to patches of hyporheic water
that demonstrate out-of-phase temperatures with the mainstem, referred to as
temperature anomalies in this study. These anomalies are intimately connected with
geomorphic features on gravel bars (bar channels and heads) that focus flow along
preferential pathways. This anomaly network is reset each year with high flows,
where flow path lengths, hydraulic conductivities, and hydraulic gradients of gravel
bars may change as gravel is reworked.
The hyporheic discharges emerging from anomalies result from zones of high
hydraulic conductivity, which occurs in gravel that has been recently reworked.
However, the cumulative anomaly discharge on the lower Clackamas, in comparison
with the large mainstem discharge, is small. Estimates of river cooling reflect this,
composing only a fraction of a degree rather than several degrees observed in smaller
rivers (Johnson, 2004). Our estimate does not include other potential thermal benefits
governed by hyporheic exchange, including buffering effects from other hyporheic
pathways (e.g. meander necks or submerged gravel), and thermal shielding resulting
from water downwelling into the subsurface and not being exposed to solar radiation.
Further studies would have to be developed to investigate these other effects.
However, these other effects are not likely to drastically alter the amount of river
cooling.
Adding gravel to a river will form new bars or enhance older bars, which will
increase the amount of hyporheic exchange occurring throughout the river. This can
lead to the development of new temperature anomalies that buffer river temperature.
Still, this will not likely significantly affect overall river temperature (as modeled by
35
CE-QUAL-W2 and our mixing equation) but will provide localized fish habitat and
refugia.
36
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42
APPENDICES
43
APPENDIX A
AERIAL ANALYSIS OF LOWER CLACKAMAS RIVER BAR POPULATION
44
A.1 Qualitative and semi-quantitative geomorphic description of lower
Clackamas River gravel bar population
We used aerial photos from summer 2005 and summer 2006 to help describe the lower
Clackamas River gravel bar population. Lengths, widths are bar areas were calculated
using measuring tools within ArcGIS. Field reconnaissance provided further insights
on bar stability, including recency of gravel reworking and vegetation.
Table A.1 lists the parameters for the gravel bars.
Northing
(ft)1
601288
601254
600900
600808
599860
600588
601811
601017
602478
604135
604198
604388
604190
604932
604808
604574
604744
605224
605317
605209
606034
605912
606346
606080
RKM
36.4
36.1
35.8
35.6
35.2
35.0
34.7
35.0
34.3
33.8
33.5
33.3
33.3
33.3
33.3
33.1
33.0
32.8
32.6
32.5
32.4
32.1
31.9
31.9
7722913
7721986
7721070
7721180
7721399
7721906
7722922
7722087
7721397
7721054
7721631
7721361
7721105
7720297
7720208
7719454
7719004
7718909
7717799
7717301
7717152
7723174
7724245
7725196
Easting
(ft)
L
MC
MC
MC
L
PB
MC
L
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
L
L
MC
PB
L
L
L
L
Bar
Type2
323
186
113
456
207
271
211
510
69
32
63
36
547
77
166
784
304
198
315
237
151
314
146
162
Longitudinal
Length (m)
71
26
30
94
41
33
44
137
15
14
16
14
105
26
55
77
35
37
65
56
19
44
17
19
Average
Width
(m)
87
31
43
136
63
56
60
197
21
22
16
14
146
31
56
125
43
37
81
62
24
69
35
29
Maximum
Width (m)
19918
3124
3028
41452
8881
9573
9089
71396
1045
485
894
382
45094
1715
8183
60290
8759
7516
16782
9259
3065
13320
4168
3357
Area
(m2)
mature
mature
zonation
(immature to
mature)
mature
zonation
zonation
zonation
mature
immature/none
mature
mature
zonation
immature/none
none
immature
immature/mature
zonation
mature
mature
mature
immature
immature/mature
immature
mature
Vegetation
Table A.1: Location and brief description of gravel bars on lower Clackamas River
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Reworked
over
2005/2006?
1.84
0.29
0.28
3.83
0.82
0.89
0.84
6.60
0.10
0.04
0.08
0.04
4.17
0.16
0.76
5.58
0.81
0.70
1.55
0.86
0.28
1.23
0.39
0.31
Percent of
Bar Network
45
Northing
(ft)1
607110
608169
610108
612816
613634
613973
614651
615137
616099
616567
618107
618559
618674
620328
620945
621420
620667
621799
623891
624536
625483
627385
626724
626774
626785
RKM
31.6
31.1
30.6
29.7
29.3
29.1
28.9
28.7
28.4
28.0
27.4
27.2
27.2
26.5
26.4
26.1
26.4
26.0
25.7
24.9
24.5
23.7
24.2
24.1
24.1
7716775
7717663
7718182
7718130
7717603
7717170
7716330
7716500
7716864
7717105
7717641
7717780
7717484
7718141
7718102
7717932
7718281
7718134
7716574
7715811
7714889
7714015
7714372
7713852
7713554
Easting
(ft)
PB
L
L
L
MC
L
PB
L
L
L
MC
L
MC
L
MC
PB
MC
MC
L
L
L
L
MC
L
L
Bar
Type2
287
265
294
326
279
245
77
120
155
133
294
126
208
213
534
217
86
70
260
435
215
481
283
76
73
Longitudinal
Length (m)
76
27
27
69
51
62
49
32
23
19
104
27
47
62
183
60
22
40
17
32
29
169
64
11
14
Average
Width
(m)
76
52
53
85
54
139
49
35
29
19
139
32
67
82
234
60
34
63
29
41
29
206
78
14
19
Maximum
Width (m)
11114
9100
9401
21810
12589
18102
8125
3967
3167
2298
24217
3122
9247
11259
61106
12448
2282
3908
6800
11407
7110
65015
12997
1593
1304
Area
(m2)
immature/mature
immature/mature
immature/mature
immature/mature
immature/none
zonation
zonation
immature
zonation
mature
zonation/none
none
immature/none
zonation
mature/none
zonation
immature/none
none
immature
immature
none
immature/mature
zonation
none
none
Vegetation
Table A.1: Location and brief description of gravel bars on lower Clackamas River
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Reworked
over
2005/2006?
1.03
0.84
0.87
2.02
1.16
1.67
0.75
0.37
0.29
0.21
2.24
0.29
0.86
1.04
5.65
1.15
0.21
0.36
0.63
1.05
0.66
6.01
1.20
0.15
0.12
Percent of
Bar Network
46
Northing
(ft)1
628167
629146
629353
630326
630807
632425
632281
632879
633208
633747
633782
632831
632935
632931
633839
633866
633285
632935
631409
632454
632019
632024
631657
632456
632818
RKM
22.9
22.3
21.9
21.5
21.2
20.6
20.6
20.5
20.1
20.0
19.9
20.2
20.2
20.2
19.6
19.1
18.7
18.9
18.0
18.5
17.6
17.7
17.9
16.7
15.7
7713893
7713496
7712093
7711139
7710608
7709709
7709246
7709420
7708721
7708382
7708037
7708596
7708710
7708781
7707092
7705329
7705151
7704733
7702850
7704302
7701353
7701964
7702595
7698622
7696007
Easting
(ft)
L
MC
L
L
L
MC
L
MC
MC
MC
PB
MC
MC
MC
L
PB
L
L
MC
L
L
L
PB
L
PB
Bar
Type2
70
253
545
554
216
398
369
59
407
126
244
196
20
25
169
318
178
28
101
193
127
140
140
283
311
Longitudinal
Length (m)
29
70
38
33
36
76
81
34
124
21
77
46
11
13
14
137
26
14
54
23
54
10
42
30
38
Average
Width
(m)
29
102
73
49
37
97
141
36
142
32
77
48
11
13
16
156
58
16
54
24
93
12
54
37
80
Maximum
Width (m)
1728
17552
23148
1649
5967
26906
33873
1834
42214
3204
11625
7801
240
200
2790
35351
6499
621
4655
3476
23657
2449
4163
7609
12767
Area
(m2)
none
immature/none
immature/none
zonation
zonation
zonation
zonation
immature/none
zonation/none
immature/none
zonation
immature/none
immature/none
immature/none
none
zonation
immature/mature
none
zonation
zonation
immature/mature
zonation
zonation
immature
none
Vegetation
Table A.1: Location and brief description of gravel bars on lower Clackamas River
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
Reworked
over
2005/2006?
0.16
1.62
2.14
0.15
0.55
2.49
3.13
0.17
3.90
0.30
1.08
0.72
0.02
0.02
0.26
3.27
0.60
0.06
0.43
0.32
2.19
0.23
0.39
0.70
1.18
Percent of
Bar Network
47
Northing
(ft)1
Easting
(ft)
Bar
Type2
Longitudinal
Length (m)
Average
Width
(m)
15.8
632592
7695733
MC
44
18
15.0
634555
7695692
MC
700
45
14.8
635550
7695072
PB
247
17
14.6
635910
7694702
MC
27
51
14.0
635782
7692740
MC
326
178
13.8
635310
7692126
PB
58
67
13.4
635600
7690981
MC
228
54
13.2
635943
7690270
L
38
93
13.5
635552
7690806
MC
9
6
13.3
635887
7690611
MC
13
26
1
Northings and Eastings are in NAD83 Oregon North State Plane Projection.
2
MC = mid-channel; L = lateral; PB = point bar
RKM
25
83
25
51
274
98
73
74
6
32
Maximum
Width (m)
742
36737
4109
1907
52282
5237
11294
2260
76
411
Area
(m2)
immature
mature
zonation
immature/none
zonation
none
immature/mature
none
immature
none
Vegetation
Table A.1: Location and brief description of gravel bars on lower Clackamas River
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Reworked
over
2005/2006?
0.07
3.40
0.38
0.18
4.84
0.48
1.04
0.21
0.01
0.04
Percent of
Bar Network
48
49
APPENDIX B
SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE PEBBLE COUNT DATA
50
B.1 Pebble Count Procedure
Pebble counts were conducted using a method similar to Wolman (1954). Transects
were laid out across gravel bars (ranging from 30 to 100 m), and pebbles were
randomly picked along regular intervals of that transect. Subsurface pebble counts
were conducted by throwing a Frisbee 10 times randomly along the transect, removing
the upper layer of pebbles, and counting the first 10 pebbles touched.
The fine fraction (< 1 mm) was qualitatively described (coarse sand/fine
sand/silt/clay), and when entered into results, assigned a grain size according to the
Udden-Wentworth scale (Wentworth, 1922). There were no attempts to further
quantify these smaller grains.
Table B.1 shows the locations where pebble counts were conducted.
1
7/21/2006
7/21/2006
7/21/2006
7/21/2006
7/21/2006
7/18/2006
7/24/2006
7/18/2006
7/18/2006
8/1/2006
7/24/2006
7/24/2006
7/24/2006
7/12/2006
7/12/2006
7/12/2006
7/12/2006
7/26/2006
7/19/2006
7/19/2006
7/17/2006
7/19/2006
7/19/2006
7/19/2006
7/17/2006
7/25/2006
8/9/2006
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
34.6
34.6
34.5
34.4
32.1
27.3
27.5
29.5
29.7
29.7
27.1
26.6
26.5
26.1
26.2
26.1
26.0
24.1
20.8
20.5
20.5
20.3
20.0
20.2
19.9
14.0
13.8
RKM
602063
601946
602339
602496
605931
618028
617692
613191
612465
612771
618537
620392
620632
621571
621353
621451
622021
626700
631861
632637
632795
632990
633371
632836
633478
635900
635868
Northing
(ft)
7721618
7721388
7721831
7721907
7717896
7717713
7717439
7717806
7718101
7717990
7717397
7718132
7718374
7717976
7717810
7717892
7717955
7714233
7710091
7709701
7709414
7709133
7708339
7708680
7708129
7692993
7692448
Easting (ft)1
66
66
66
66
76
87
66
35
33
66
40
73
66
33
33
33
33
2 16-m
33
33
66
100
66
47
33
100
100
Transect
Length
(m)
Northings and Eastings are in NAD83 Oregon North State Plane Projection.
Date
Pebble
Count
Number
Table B.1 Pebble Count Data
D50sub
(cm)
1.0
2.4
1.7
1.2
1.1
0.8
1.6
1.4
1.1
1.2
1.2
0.9
1.4
4.8
2.3
2.8
2.8
1.5
1.1
1.1
1.6
0.7
1.3
2.2
1.0
1.1
1.1
D50
(cm)
10.0
19.5
12.2
11.8
9.5
4.8
13.9
7.9
10.4
9.4
10.4
5.9
7.9
7.8
3.7
3.7
3.5
5.9
6.1
4.1
6.9
7.2
7.6
6.8
7.0
4.3
6.8
Across bar tail
Down cross bar channel
Across bar head
Remnant channel
Unvegetated channel
Down cross bar channel
Across bar tail
Tail of back bar channel
Head of back bar channel
Middle of back bar channel
Across bar between hf and pool
Along new surface of gravel
Along bar edge
Small bar near HF channel
Head of bar
Mid-bar
Bar tail
Near HF
Across bar head
Near HF
Along unvegetated gravel at bar tail
Across bar head
Across new gravel exposure
Across bar head
Across point bar
Across interior
Along small finger of gravel
Notes
51
52
Pebble Count 1
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 2
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
10
100
53
Pebble Count 3
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 4
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
10
100
54
Pebble Count 5
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 6
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.10
1.00
Grain size (cm)
10.00
100.00
55
Pebble Count 7
120
Surface
% finer than
100
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.0
0.1
1.0
10.0
100.0
10.00
100.00
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 8
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.10
1.00
Grain size (cm)
56
Pebble Count 9
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 10
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
Grain size (cm)
1
10
100
57
Pebble Count 11
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 12
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
10
100
58
Pebble Count 13
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 14
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
10
100
59
Pebble Count 15
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 16
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
60
Pebble Count 17
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 18
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
61
Pebble Count 19
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 20
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
62
Pebble Count 21
120
Surface
% finer than
100
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.0
0.1
1.0
10.0
100.0
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 22
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
63
Pebble Count 23
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 24
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
10
100
64
Pebble Count 25
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
10
100
Grain size (cm)
Pebble Count 26
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
65
Pebble Count 27
120
% finer than
100
Surface
Subsurface
80
60
40
20
0
0.01
0.1
1
Grain size (cm)
10
100
66
APPENDIX C
LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES
RKM
34.6
34.6
34.6
34.3
33.5
33.1
32.8
32.5
30.6
29.7
29.1
28.4
27.4
27.4
27.2
26.5
26.5
26.5
26.4
26.1
26.1
23.7
23.7
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.2
22.4
21.2
20.6
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
602111.42
602170.76
602177.07
602906.79
603982.42
604548.02
605196.93
605193.15
610165.10
613291.98
614059.56
616197.42
618168.95
618325.50
618540.12
620414.91
620470.45
620629.53
620683.69
621509.86
622222.28
627363.74
627780.23
626533.66
626782.37
626777.32
627079.05
628860.03
630789.11
632644.96
Northing
1
(ft)
7721596.65
7721363.09
7721298.70
7722215.27
7722191.28
7720683.87
7720590.45
7718937.86
77.18132.26
7717772.59
7716988.58
7716887.59
7717492.32
7717761.22
7717328.19
7718201.83
7718278.84
7718336.92
7717650.13
7717982.16
7717839.50
7713715.75
7713957.36
7714443.42
7714245.21
7714419.43
7714343.68
7713530.39
7710552.19
7708759.47
Easting (ft)
MC
MC
MC
L
L
MC
MC
L
L
L
L
L
MC
MC
MC
L
L
L
MC
PB
PB
L
L
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
L
L
Type
of
Bar2
Field
Field
Field
Field
Both
Field
TIR
Field
Both
Field
Both
Both
Field
TIR
Field
Both
Both
Field
Both
Both
Field
Both
Both
Both
Both
Field
Field
TIR
Field
Both
Field/
TIR
Bar Head (Ramp)
BC: Cross Bar
GW seep
GW seep
BC:Back Bar/GW seep
BC: Cross Bar
GW seep
BC: Back Ba/GW seep
BC: Back Bar/GW seep
BC: Back Bar/GW seep
GW seep
BC: Back Bar
BC: Remnant
BC: Cross Bar
Bar Head (Ramp)
BC: Remnant
BC: Back Bar
GW seep
BC: Remnant
Bar Head (Ramp)
GW seep
BC: Cross Bar
GW seep
BC: Cross-bar
Bar Head (Ramp)
BC: Back Bar
BC: Back Bar
Bar Head (Ramp)
GW seep
GW seep
Geomorphic feature
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
Bar recently
reworked?
Table C.1: Location and brief description of temperature anomalies
55-60
55-60
55-60
81.7
80-120s
55 55-60
127
70-80
50-60s
50-60s
50-120
50-60s
80s
80s
50-60
50-60
50-60
70s
50-60
50-60
50-60
50-60
80s
80s
Conduc
tivity
(μS/cm)
0.2
1.4
4.8
2.3
0.7
2.3
3
2.5
2.3
2.1
5.4
4.8
0.2
1.5
1.8
1.1
1.3
5.1
1
2.25
5
1.5
1
1.1
2.8
0.4
1.6
1.2
2.8
1
Ave.
ΔT
(°C)
0.005
0.015
0.015
0.0057
0.005
0.007
-0.005
0.008
0.01
0.003
0.005
0.017
0.0029
0.059
0.007
0.008
0.007
0.004
0.012
0.007
0.02
0.005
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
-0.005
Ave.
gradient
5
3
1
1
15
3
Pool
81
22
17
chan edge
1
1
3.7
0.5
6.7
15
25
3.5
22
4
2
Pool
2
2.6
27
1
66
chan edge
2
Ave.
Width (m)
2.5
2
1.5
0.05
1.5
1
2
1
1
2
-1
3
1.5
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.5
3
2-3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1.5
-0.1
Ave.
Depth
(m)
67
2
632812.87
632929.02
633394.87
633799.75
633860.35
633254.36
632740.78
631695.45
632220.64
632505.83
634024.60
635867.83
635261.83
635525.69
635846.36
619013.55
618704.24
620820.82
635734.06
626799.66
626818.60
626764.31
Northing
1
(ft)
7709376.82
7708505.71
7708307.50
7708410.26
7706996.28
7705173.26
7704584.94
7702119.31
7700837.89
7698528.81
7698883.91
7694699.70
7692058.58
7690794.84
7690601.68
7717458.23
7717763.75
7718413.50
7695136.91
7713497.57
7713455.90
7713815.21
Easting (ft)
MC
MC
MC
MC
L
L
L
L
L
L
MC
MC
PB
MC
MC
MC
L
MC
MC
L
L
L
Type
of
Bar2
Field
Both
Both
Both
TIR
TIR
Both
Both
Field
Field
TIR
TIR
TIR
Field
TIR
TIR
TIR
TIR
TIR
TIR
TIR
TIR
Field/
TIR
Bar Head (Ramp)
BC: Remnant
BC: Remnant
Bar Head (Ramp)
BC: Back Bar
BC: Back Bar
BC: Back-bar
GW seep
GW seep
Bar Head (Ramp)
Bar Head (Ramp)
Bar Head (Ramp)
BC: Remnant
BC: Cross Bar?
Bar Head (Ramp)
Bar Head (Ramp)
GW seep
Bar Head (Ramp)
Bar Head (Ramp)
BC: BBC?/Bar Head
Bar Head (Ramp)
Bar Head (Ramp)
Geomorphic feature
Northings and Eastings are in NAD83 Oregon North State Plane Projection.
MC = mid-channel; L = lateral; PB = point bar
20.4
20.1
20.1
20.0
19.6
19.0
18.8
17.5
17.5
16.7
15.0
14.6
13.8
13.5
13.2
27.2
27.2
26.4
14.8
24.1
24.1
24.1
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
1
RKM
No.
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Bar recently
reworked?
Table C.1: Location and brief description of temperature anomalies
50-60s
50-60
50-60
50-60
100-120
226
50-60s
50-60s
-
Conduc
tivity
(μS/cm)
1.2
1.9
1.6
0.6
1.5
1.1
0.6
1.2
6.3
1.9
1
1.6
0.9
1
1.1
1.1
1.8
1.1
1.4
1.8
0.7
0.8
Ave.
ΔT
(°C)
0.019
0.015
0.01
0.01
0.007
0.006
0.007
-0.005
0.013
0.012
0.01
0.01
0.007
0.007
0.004
0.007
0.01
0.01
0.007
0.007
0.007
Ave.
gradient
1
4
3.5
3
3
1
2.4
chan edge
0.05
35
29
4
2.5
4
20
7
3
3
2
8
3.6
1
Ave.
Width (m)
2
2
0.5
1.5
0.5
1
1
0.5
0.01
0.5
2.5
1.5
2.5
1
1
0.5
0.5
0.75
2.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
Ave.
Depth
(m)
68
69
APPENDIX D
TIR METHODOLOGY AND REPORT
70
Airborne Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing
Clackamas River, OR
Submitted to:
Barbara Burkholder
Water Resources Graduate Program
Oregon State University
Wilkinson Hall 213
Corvallis OR 9733
Submitted by:
Watershed Sciences, Inc.
111 NW 2nd Street, Unit 1
Corvallis, OR 97330
Survey Date: August 12, 2006
Report Date: October 15, 2006
71
REPORT FOR THERMAL INFRARED REMOTE SENSING
CLACKAMAS RIVER, OR
Table of Contents
BACKGROUND................................................................................................................ 72
SURVEY EXTENT ............................................................................................................ 72
METHODS ........................................................................................................................ 72
Data Collection............................................................................................................................................ 72
Data Processing........................................................................................................................................... 74
Thermal Image Characteristics................................................................................................................. 76
RESULTS ......................................................................................................................... 77
Weather Conditions.................................................................................................................................... 77
Thermal Accuracy ...................................................................................................................................... 78
Longitudinal Profiles.................................................................................................................................. 78
OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS ................................................................................... 80
Morning Flight........................................................................................................................... 80
Afternoon Flight ........................................................................................................................ 80
Comparison AM versus PM....................................................................................................... 81
Follow-On.................................................................................................................................. 82
SAMPLE IMAGES............................................................................................................ 83
DELIVERABLES .............................................................................................................. 85
CONTACT INFORMATION .............................................................................................. 85
72
Background
In 2006, researchers at the Water Resources Graduate Program at Oregon State
University contracted with Watershed Sciences, Inc. to acquire thermal infrared (TIR)
and true color imagery of the Clackamas River, OR from the River Mill Dam near the
town of Estacada, OR to Carver, OR (~15 river miles). The objective of the survey
was to map surface temperature patterns during both the minimum and maximum of
the diurnal temperatures cycles in the river. Consequently, two flights were
conducted. The first was conducted just prior to dawn on August 12th in order to
capture daily minimum water temperatures. A second flight was also conducted on
August 12th during the mid-afternoon in order to capture heat-of-the-day conditions.
Airborne thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing has proven an effective method for
mapping spatial temperature patterns in rivers and streams. These data are used to
establish baseline conditions and direct future ground level monitoring. The TIR
imagery illustrates the location and thermal influence of point sources, tributaries, and
surface springs. This report details the work performed, including methodology and
quantitative assessments of data quality. The images contained in this report are not
meant to be comprehensive, but provide examples of image scenes and interpretations.
Survey Extent
The TIR data were acquired on August 12, 2006 and consisted of an early morning
flight (5:56–6:38) and a mid-afternoon flight (14:26–15:08). Both flights were
conducted over the same river extent starting at the River Mill Dam (mile 23.0) and
proceeding downstream to the Carver Bridge (mile 8.0). If the river split into multiple
channels and the channels were outside of the sensor field of view, then a survey was
conducted along each channel resulting in multiple flight lines over some sections of
the river (see Figure 1). The map in Figure 1 also shows the location of temperature
data loggers deployed by Watershed Sciences prior to the flight and used to calibrate
the TIR images.
Methods
Data Collection
Instrumentation: Images were collected with a Space Instruments FireMapper 2.0
sensor (8-12μm) mounted on the underside of a Bell Jet Ranger Helicopter (Figure 2).
The TIR sensor was co-mounted with a high-resolution true color digital camera
(Nikon D2X w/ 24mm lens, 6.9 mega-pixels). Both cameras were positioned to look
vertically down from the aircraft (nadir).
73
Figure 1 – The extent of the TIR survey conducted on the Clackamas River, OR on
August 12, 2006. In-stream sensors used to calibrate the TIR images are shown on the
map and labeled by serial number.
The TIR sensor has a horizontal field of view (H-FOV) of 44o and a pixel array of 320
x 240 pixels. The Firemapper 2.0 is a calibrated radiometer with internal nonuniformity correction and drift compensation. Thermal infrared images were recorded
directly from the sensor to an on-board computer as raw counts, which were then
converted to radiant temperatures. The
individual images were referenced with
time, position, and heading information
provided by a global positioning
system (GPS). General specifications
of the sensor are listed in Table 1.
Figure 2 – Bell Jet Ranger equipped with a
thermal infrared radiometer and high resolution
digital camera. The sensors are contained in a
composite fiber enclosure attached to the
74
underside of the helicopter and flown longitudinally along the stream channel.
Image Characteristics: The aircraft was flown longitudinally along the stream corridor
in order with the river in the center of the display. The objective was for the stream to
occupy 30-60% of the image. The TIR sensor is set to acquire images at its maximum
rate (~1 image/2 seconds) resulting in considerable vertical overlap between images.
The airplane maintained an average flight altitude of 1,200ft (366 m) above ground
level (AGL) resulting in a planned image ground footprint width of 977 ft (298 m) and
a native pixel resolution of 3.1 ft (0.9 meters).
Table 1. Summary of Thermal Image Acquisition Parameters.
Date: August 12, 2006
Acquisition Time: 5:56 – 6:38 (AM Flight)
14:26 – 15:08 (PM Flight)
Flight Above Ground Level (AGL): 366 m (1200 ft)
Sensor: Space Instruments
Firemapper 2.0
Wavelength: 8-12μm
Temperature Resolution: 0.01oC
Noise Equivalent Temperature Differences (NETD) 0.07oC
Encoding Level: 16 bit
Horizontal Field-of-View: 44.3o
Image Footprint Width: 298 m (977 ft)
Pixel Resolution: 0.9 m (3.1 ft)
Ground Control: Watershed Sciences deployed in-stream data loggers prior to the
flight in order to calibrate and verify the accuracy of the TIR data. The data loggers
were distributed at public access points along the survey extent. The sensors were
placed on the bottom of the river in locations with good vertical mixing.
Data Processing
Calibration: Calibration of the sensor is performed in the lab using an extended area
black body to relate the response characteristics of the sensor to emitted radiance. The
raw TIR images collected during the survey contain digital numbers that were
converted to radiance (W/m2*sr*micron) values based on the pre-season calibration.
The radiance values were adjusted based on a comparison of the measured radiance to
the calculated radiance at each ground truth location. This adjustment was performed
to correct for path length attenuation and the emissivity of natural water. The instream data were assessed at the time the image was acquired, with radiant values
representing the median of ten points sampled from the image at the data logger
location. The radiance values were then converted to surface temperatures using
Planck’s Black Body equation.
75
Interpretation and Sampling: Once calibrated, the images were integrated into a GIS in
which an analyst interpreted and sampled stream temperatures. Sampling consisted of
querying radiant temperatures (pixel values) from the center of the stream channel and
saving the median value of a ten-point sample to a GIS database file. The
temperatures of detectable surface inflows (i.e. surface springs, tributaries) were also
sampled at their mouths. During sampling, the analyst provided interpretations of the
spatial variations in surface temperatures observed in the images.
Geo-referencing: The images are tagged with a GPS position and heading at the time
they are acquired. Since the TIR camera is maintained at vertical down-look angles,
the geographic coordinates
provide an accurate index to the
location of the image scene. Due
to the relatively small footprint
of the imagery and independently
stabilized mount, image pixels
are not individually registered to
real world coordinates. The
image index is saved as an ESRI
point shapefile containing the
image name registered to an X
Figure 3 –Each point on the map represents a thermal image
and Y position (Oregon Lambert
location. The inset box shows the information recorded with
Projection) of sensor location at
each image point during acquisition.
time of capture. In order to
provide further spatial reference,
the TIR images were assigned a river mile based on a routed stream layer (Figure 3).
Temperature Profiles: The median temperatures for each sampled image were plotted
versus the corresponding river mile to develop a longitudinal temperature profile. The
profile illustrates how stream temperatures vary spatially along the stream gradient.
The location and median temperature of all sampled surface water inflows (e.g.
tributaries, surface springs, etc.) are included on the plot to illustrate how these
inflows influence the main stem temperature patterns. Radiant temperatures were only
sampled along what appeared to be the main flow channel in the river.
Geo-Rectification: The true color images were geo-rectified to real world coordinates
using panchromatic ortho-photos (2000 available on the internet) as the reference
layer. The true color digital images were initially oriented using the position and
directional information collected on the aircraft. Individual frames were then georectified by finding a minimum of six common ground control points (GCP’s)
between the true color images and existing ortho-photos. The images were then
warped using a 1st order polynomial transformation. TIR images were geo-rectified
76
using the same general methodology with the true color images used as the control
layer at an average of twelve ground control points. Due to the low relief along the
river bottom, the photos were not corrected for terrain displacement.
Thermal Image Characteristics
Surface Temperatures: Thermal infrared sensors measure TIR energy emitted at the
water’s surface. Since water is essentially opaque to TIR wavelengths, the sensor is
only measuring water surface temperature. Thermal infrared data accurately
represents bulk water temperatures where the water column is thoroughly mixed;
however, thermal stratification can form in reaches that have little or no mixing.
Thermal stratification in a free flowing river is inherently unstable due to variations in
channel shape, bed composition, and in-stream objects (i.e. rocks, trees, debris, etc.)
that cause turbulent flow and can usually be detected in the imagery.
Expected Accuracy: Thermal infrared radiation received at the sensor is a combination
of energy emitted from the water’s surface, reflected from the water’s surface, and
absorbed and re-radiated by the intervening atmosphere. Water is a good emitter of
TIR radiation and has relatively low reflectivity (~ 4 to 6%). However, variable water
surface conditions (i.e. riffle versus pool), slight changes in viewing aspect, and
variable background temperatures (i.e. sky versus trees) can result in differences in the
calculated radiant temperatures within the same image or between consecutive images.
The apparent temperature variability is generally less than 0.5oC (Torgersen et al.
2001 1 ). However, the occurrence of reflections as an artifact (or noise) in the TIR
images is a consideration during image interpretation and analysis. In general,
apparent stream temperature changes of < 0.5oC are not considered significant unless
associated with a surface inflow (e.g. tributary).
Differential Heating: In stream segments with flat surface conditions (i.e. pools) and
relatively low mixing rates, observed variations in spatial temperature patterns can be
the result of differences in the instantaneous heating rate at the water's surface. In the
TIR images, indicators of differential surface heating include seemingly cooler radiant
temperatures in shaded areas compared to surfaces exposed to direct sunlight.
Feature Size and Resolution: A small stream width logically translates to fewer pixels
“in” the stream and greater integration with non-water features such as rocks and
vegetation. Consequently, a narrow channel (relative to the pixel size) can result in
higher inaccuracies in the measured radiant temperatures. This is a consideration
when sampling the radiant temperatures at tributary mouths and surface springs.
1
Torgersen, C.E., R. Faux, B.A. McIntosh, N. Poage, and D.J. Norton. 2001. Airborne thermal remote
sensing for water temperature assessment in rivers and streams. Remote Sensing of Environment 76(3):
386-398.
77
Temperatures and Color Maps: The TIR images collected during this survey consist
of a single band. As a result, visual representation of the imagery (in a report or GIS
environment) requires the application of a color map or legend to the pixel values.
The selection of a color map should highlight features most relevant to the analysis
(i.e. spatial variability of stream temperatures). For example, a continuous, gradient
style color map that incorporates all temperatures in the image frame will provide a
smoother transition in colors throughout the entire image, but will not highlight
temperature differences in the stream. Conversely, a color map that focuses too
narrowly cannot be applied to the entire river and will “washout” terrestrial and
vegetation features.
Image Uniformity: The TIR sensor used for this study uses a focal plane array of
detectors to sample incoming radiation. A challenge when using this technology is to
achieve uniformity across the detector array. This sensor has an automatic correction
scheme which nearly eliminates non-uniformity across the image frame.
Results
Weather Conditions
Weather conditions were considered good for the survey. Table 2 summarizes the
weather conditions recorded at the Troutdale, OR Airport during the time frame of the
survey.
Time
PDT
4:37 AM
4:53 AM
5:53 AM
6:53 AM
7:04 AM
7:53 AM
8:53 AM
9:53 AM
10:53 AM
11:53 AM
12:53 PM
1:53 PM
2:53 PM
3:53 PM
4:53 PM
5:53 PM
6:53 PM
Temp
o
F
51.8
51.1
50.0
51.1
51.8
54.0
55.0
57.9
60.1
63.0
66.0
71.1
73.9
77.0
79.0
80.1
79.0
Temp
o
C
11.0
10.6
10.0
10.6
11.0
12.2
12.8
14.4
15.6
17.2
18.9
21.7
23.3
25.0
26.1
26.7
26.1
Humidity
%
82
86
89
86
82
83
80
72
64
60
56
47
43
42
39
38
38
Wind
Direction
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
NW
Variable
Variable
West
Variable
Variable
Wind Speed
MPH
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
4.6
4.6
5.8
8.1
5.8
6.9
Sky
Conditions
Mostly Cloudy
Scat. Clouds
Mostly Cloudy
Mostly Cloudy
Overcast
Overcast
Overcast
Overcast
Overcast
Scat. Clouds
Clear
Clear
Clear
Clear
Clear
Clear
Clear
Table 2. Weather conditions observed at the Troutdale Airport on August 12, 2006.
78
Thermal Accuracy
Table 3 provides a comparison between the kinetic temperatures recorded by the instream data loggers and the radiant temperatures derived from the TIR images for both
the morning (AM) and afternoon (PM) flights on the Clackamas River. Since the instream data were used to compute an adjustment to the radiant temperatures, the table
illustrates the range of differences after the images were calibrated. The correction
was computed as an average offset from the raw radiant values for all sensor locations.
Since the in-stream data are used in the radiant temperature calibration, they should
not be considered an independent check of radiant temperatures.
The range of differences between the radiant temperatures and kinetic temperatures
were generally within target values (±0.5oC).
Table 3 – Comparison of radiant temperatures derived from the TIR images and kinetic
temperatures from the in-stream monitors.
Serial
Image
Local
Kinetic
T©
Radiant
T©
Difference
T©
Morning Flight
1026262
t01046
5:57
17.1
17.3
-0.2
659412
t02022
6:02
17.0
16.9
0.1
540663
t03018
6:08
16.7
17.1
-0.4
1026265
t03067
6:12
16.4
16.5
-0.1
1026266
t04043
6:19
16.0
16.1
-0.1
1026260
t05006
6:29
16.2
16.5
-0.4
540664
t05271
6:38
16.4
16.2
0.2
1026262
t06161
14:29
17.8
17.5
0.3
659412
t06008
14:34
18.6
18.8
-0.2
Afternoon Flight
540663
t07045
14:35
18.8
19.3
-0.5
1026265
t08023
14:40
19.7
20.0
-0.3
1026266
t08218
14:46
21.2
21.0
0.1
1026260
t09008
14:59
19.9
20.4
-0.5
540664
t09297
15:08
19.1
19.0
0.1
Longitudinal Profiles
Median sampled temperatures were plotted versus river mile for the Clackamas River
from River Mill Dam to the Carver Bridge for both the AM and PM flights (Figures 4
and 5). Tributaries and other sampled surface inflows (i.e. springs/seeps, side
channels, off channel) are plotted on the profiles. The profiles were plotted over the
same temperature ranges to more easily allow cross comparison.
Surface Water Temperature (*C)
21
Barton Bridge
Carver Bridge .
22
River Mill Dam .
79
20
19
18
17
Clear Cr.
16
Eagle Cr.
Deep Cr.
15
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Distance from Mouth (miles)
Clakamas R. (8/10/06; 5:56 - 6:38)
Tributary
Seep
Side Channel
Off Channel
Land Mark
Figure 4 - Median sampled temperatures plotted versus river mile for the Clackamas River during the
early morning of August 12, 2006.
Surface Water Temp. (*C)
River Mill Dam .
21
Barton Bridge .
Carver Bridge .
22
20
Eagle Cr.
Deep Cr.
19
18
17
16
15
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Distance from Mouth (miles)
Clakamas R. (8/12/06; 14:26-15:08)
Tributary
Side Channel
Off Channel
Land Mark
Figure 5 - Median sampled temperatures plotted versus river mile for the Clackamas River during the
mid-afternoon on August 12, 2006.
80
Observation and Analysis
Morning Flight
Radiant water temperatures below River Mill Dam were ~17.4oC at the time of the
TIR survey with water temperatures in the main channel getting progressively cooler
moving downstream. Over the full 15-mile survey water temperatures ranged from
~17.5oC to a local minimum of 15.7oC (mile 11.3). While the range of sampled
temperatures (1.8oC) was relatively small, inspection of the profile shows some
apparent spatial trends along the river gradient.
Between river miles 21.0 and 20.6, stream temperatures exhibited a decrease of
~0.7oC before increasing again in the downstream direction. While the magnitude of
this decrease is close to the expected frame-to-frame variability (i.e. 0.5oC), this was a
notably larger change than observed at other locations along the profile and may
warrant further investigation. Radiant water temperatures appeared relatively constant
(~16.4oC ±0.3oC) between river mile 19.7 and 13.0 (near Barton Bridge).
Downstream of Barton Bridge, bulk water temperatures again decreased before
leveling off at ~15.8oC.
As mentioned previously, radiant water temperatures were sampled along the main
channel as determined based on size (i.e. channel width) and apparent flow.
Secondary channels were classified as side channels and fourteen were sampled during
the early morning flight. The side channels were sampled at the point where they
rejoined the main channel. Most of the side channels had water temperatures
consistent with water temperatures in the main stem.
Off-Channel features were identified as standing water or ponds that had surface
connectivity to the main channel. During the morning flight, five off-channel features
were identified and each had warmer radiant temperatures than the main channel. A
number of “seeps” were also detected during the morning flight. These features were
detected as areas of surface water that had significantly (i.e. >= 0.5oC) different
radiant temperatures then the main stem and appeared (through interpretation of the
imagery) as an area of potential upwelling. The measured radiant temperatures were
between 16.9oC and 17.7oC. Examples of both off-channel features and seeps are
contained in the Sample Images section of this report.
Afternoon Flight
During the afternoon flights, radiant water temperatures were ~17.4oC and increased
steadily downstream of the River Mill Dam (mile 23.0) reaching ~19.6oC at river mile
18.2. Surface water temperatures appeared to increase slightly (19.6oC to 20.1oC)
before exhibiting a steady decrease of ~1.0oC between the Barton Bridge (mile 13.0)
and the Carver Bridge (mile 8.0).
As with the morning flight, all detected surface water inflows were sampled where
they entered the main channel. A total of nineteen side channels were sampled during
81
analysis of the afternoon imagery. Of these, seven side channels had radiant
temperatures that were significantly different than the main channel. Three offchannel features were sampled and each had warmer surface temperatures than the
main channel.
There we no “seeps” detected during the afternoon flight. Inspection of the TIR
imagery showed that there was often little thermal contrast between terrain features
and the surface water temperatures. This decreased contrast often made it difficult to
detect small features with similar apparent temperatures (i.e. the stream bank and a
small seep). Consequently, the seeps were detectable in the morning flight because of
the cold back ground temperatures during the morning hours. The lack of detected
seeps during the afternoon flight was probably due to the decreased contrast between
the land and the water and not due to the absence of the seep.
Comparison AM versus PM
Surface Water Temp (*C)
21
Barton Bridge
Carver Bridge .
22
20
River Mill Dam .
A comparison of longitudinal temperature profiles from the afternoon and morning
flight provides additional information on the processes driving spatial temperature
patterns in the Clackamas River (Figure 6).
16.7
13.1
18.8
8.1
19
20.2
20.9
18
22.3
17
16
15
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Distance from Mouth (miles)
Clakamas R. (8/12/06; 14:26-15:08)
Clakamas R. (8/12/06; 5:56 - 6:38)
Land Mark
Sensors (AM)
Sensors (PM)
Figure 6 – Comparison of the longitudinal temperature profiles for the morning and afternoon flights on
the Clackamas River. The plot also shows the location and recorded temperatures from the in-stream
data loggers. The in-streams sensor temperatures at the time of the overflight are shown on the profiles.
Note that the sensor at river mile 16.7 was not located within the main flow and therefore not
representative of the bulk water temperatures during the afternoon flight.
82
While temperatures at the outlet of the dam were very similar between the morning
and afternoon flights, the downstream spatial temperature patterns were almost mirror
images. Both profiles show consistent temperature patterns over similar reaches. For
example, both patterns showed a decrease in longitudinal heating (PM) or cooling
(AM) between river miles 18 and 19. The warming (PM) (or cooling (AM)) continued
at a lower rate in both profiles until approximately Barton Bridge (mile 13). In both
profiles, the reach between Barton and Carver Bridges showed a distinct change in the
downstream temperature pattern.
Over the surveyed reach, the Clackamas River was characterized by multiple channels,
large gravel bars, and a number of off-channel ponds. This channel complexity
combined with the observed spatial temperature patterns and evidence of “seeps” in
the TIR imagery, suggests that hyporheic flow paths may have a regulating influence
on in-stream temperature patterns. This is particularly true in the reach between
Barton and Carver Bridges, which showed downstream cooling during heat-of the day
conditions and almost constant temperatures in the early morning profile.
Follow-On
This report provides some hypotheses on the processes influencing spatial temperature
patterns at this scale based on analysis of the TIR imagery. These hypotheses and
observations are considered to be a starting point for more rigorous spatial analysis
and fieldwork. Follow-on analysis may include:
•
Since the seeps detected in the imagery are small, they should be considered
detection of a process within a given reach and provide information on the type
of channel and geomorphoric conditions under which that process occurs in the
Clackamas River. Follow on analysis may look at the significance of these
seeps to temperatures at different spatial scale and localize thermal habitat for
cold water fish.
•
The TIR imagery and derived data sets provide a spatial context for analysis of
seasonal temperature data from in-stream data loggers and for future
deployment and distribution of in-stream monitoring stations.
•
The rectified true color images provide a good data source evaluation of other
physical habitat characteristics within the stream. These images may provide
information at a spatial resolution and temporal significance that are not
available from other sources.
83
Sample Images
Example: TIR (top) and true color image (bottom) showing the Clackamas River (15.9oC) at mile 11.8.
The image pair shows an example the detection of apparent seep at the downstream end of the gravel
bar along the left bank. The seeps were detectable in the early morning flight due to the large thermal
contrast been the cold bank and terrain features and the water surface. The illustrated TIR image is
from the geo-rectified mosaic and illustrates some of the slight uniformity and frame-to-frame
differences in the thermal imagery.
The color map used to display the images exaggerates these differences. These artifacts can reduced in
the mosaic by using smoothing or averaging options available in most mosaicing programs. However,
averaging can also result in the loss of small features such as the seeps due to small differences in pixel
registration between frames.
84
Example: The TIR image (top) and true color image (bottom) shows the Clackamas
River between miles 14.0 and 15.0. While bulk temperatures in the main channel are
relatively constant, the side-channels and off-channel ponds show considerable
variability in the surface temperatures. A number of seeps are also visible along the
islands and gravel bars.
85
Deliverables
The TIR imagery is provided in two forms: 1) individual un-rectified frames and 2) a
continuous geo-rectified mosaic. The mosaic allows for easy viewing of the
continuum of temperatures along the stream gradient, but also shows edge match
differences and geometric transformation effects. The un-rectified frames are useful
for viewing images at their native resolutions. The native resolution is often better for
detecting smaller thermal features. A GIS point layer is included which provides an
index of image locations, the results of temperature sampling, and interpretations
made during the analysis.
Deliverables are provided on DVD:
Geo-Corrected Imagery is stored as: Oregon Lambert, NAD83, Units = Int. Feet.
•
•
•
•
•
Unrectified – contains un-rectified single frame images.
o Clackamas AM – calibrated, but un-rectified TIR image frames from the morning
flight in ESRI GRID Format. These images retain the native resolution of the sensor.
GRID cell value = radiant temp. (oC) * 10.
o Clackamas PM – calibrated, but un-rectified TIR image frames from the morning
flight in ESRI GRID Format. These images retain the native resolution of the sensor.
GRID cell value = radiant temp. (oC) * 10.
o TrueColor – un-rectified true color images (jpg).
o Indices – ESRI shapefile (points) showing image locations for both TIR and true
color image files.
Rectified – contains geo-rectified images.
o Clackamas AM – calibrated, but un-rectified TIR image frames from the morning
flight in ESRI GRID Format. These images retain the native resolution of the sensor.
GRID cell value = radiant temp. (oC) * 10.
o Clackamas PM – calibrated and rectified TIR image frames from the morning flight
in ESRI GRID Format. These images retain the native resolution of the sensor. GRID
cell value = radiant temp. (oC) * 10.
o Mosaics – Geo-rectified images mosaics for both the true color and thermal IR
images in geo-tiff format.
Report – Copy of this report.
Longitudinal Profile – Excel File containing the longitudinal temperature profiles.
Project – ArcGIS project illustrating the mosaic and the photo_index for the rectified
images.
Contact Information
Russell Faux
Watershed Sciences, Inc.
111 NW 2nd Street, Unit 1
Corvallis, OR 97330
86
APPENDIX E
TOTAL STATION SURVEY DATA FOR FELDHEIMER, EAGLE CREEK
AND BARTON BARS
87
Table E.1: 2006 Total station survey data for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
7000
7001
7002
7003
7004
7005
7006
7007
7008
7009
7010
7011
7012
7013
7014
7015
7016
7017
7018
7019
7020
7021
7022
7023
7024
7025
7500
7501
7502
7503
7504
7505
7506
7507
7508
7509
7510
7511
7512
7513
7514
7515
7516
7517
7518
7519
7520
7521
7522
7523
7524
7525
7526
7527
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
612319.688
612343.963
612368.502
612396.02
612422.982
612442.807
612473.584
612505.584
612529.436
612567.724
612608.622
612642.935
612676.212
612711.903
612747.745
612780.982
612832.505
612876.603
612924.865
612966.817
613006.845
613037.406
613080.578
613102.404
613105.608
613091.242
612299.443
612305.727
612313.462
612334.105
612334.205
612334.386
612349.578
612349.471
612349.116
612361.61
612384.396
612393.169
612403.217
612412.542
612442.015
612430.593
612434.57
612439.386
612447.42
612471.356
612473.872
612489.666
612507.952
612509.03
612542.392
612541.8
612539.198
612538.977
7718189.536
7718192.33
7718201.301
7718212.234
7718219.838
7718232.944
7718246.25
7718255.408
7718272.684
7718276.008
7718270.963
7718268.498
7718262.128
7718259.837
7718254.769
7718249.011
7718243.281
7718229.77
7718213.648
7718201.27
7718181.591
7718162.535
7718141.542
7718130.631
7718116.916
7718115.062
7718129.723
7718142.345
7718153.869
7718148.962
7718136.255
7718121.403
7718114.418
7718124.92
7718136.176
7718157.719
7718096.783
7718121.981
7718148.36
7718166.654
7718115.331
7718093.631
7718103.423
7718137.672
7718163.341
7718105.097
7718115.967
7718072.738
7718101.951
7718124.497
7718081.851
7718061.65
7718089.719
7718046.934
228.134
228.089
228.024
227.979
227.885
227.728
227.581
227.522
227.123
226.824
226.79
226.796
226.736
226.703
226.8
226.736
226.749
226.809
226.753
226.713
226.75
226.751
226.744
226.665
226.697
226.654
228.795
227.955
228.446
228.25
228.095
228.257
228.418
227.766
228.697
228.786
230.735
227.58
228.439
230.423
227.262
231.02
227.426
228.677
229.876
227.365
227.858
231.069
227.727
228.845
226.445
226.925
228.334
231.894
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOE
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
PETER_TR_ROCK
TOE
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOE
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
88
Table E.1: 2006 Total station survey data for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
7528
7529
7530
7531
7532
7533
7534
7535
7536
7537
7538
7539
7540
7541
7542
7543
7544
7545
7546
7547
7548
7549
7550
7551
7552
7553
7554
7555
7556
7557
7558
7559
7560
7561
7562
7563
7564
7565
7566
7567
7568
7569
7570
7571
7572
7573
7574
7575
7576
7577
7578
7579
7580
7581
7582
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
612551.657
612556.243
612558.678
612553.622
612553.306
612552.72
612572.439
612572.135
612572.083
612572.036
612598.99
612599.665
612598.914
612612
612611.206
612610.867
612623.372
612619.701
612620.887
612625.201
612629.157
612629.008
612626.78
612624.233
612623.345
612619.04
612630.227
612638.827
612643.343
612649.755
612653.408
612651.304
612640.19
612615.509
612660.1
612662.336
612625.987
612631.454
612670.626
612673.515
612678.131
612678.167
612683.077
612690.234
612686.817
612701.016
612702.839
612709.793
612720.976
612726.315
612719.647
612708.68
612704.19
612710.935
612712.951
7718070.806
7718077.339
7718085.754
7718070.989
7718069.697
7718070.384
7718062.414
7718062.01
7718062.025
7718062.444
7718060.497
7718061.293
7718061.152
7718051.04
7718049.862
7718050.877
7718056.97
7718050.88
7718052.364
7718053.619
7718052.134
7718048.932
7718048.695
7718048.007
7718045.157
7718047.253
7718041.102
7718036.882
7718035.384
7718036.195
7718040.218
7718041.304
7718044.625
7718039.791
7718036.548
7718031.769
7718060.823
7718065.433
7718032.25
7718027.815
7718020.554
7718020.386
7718018.922
7718023.908
7718012.111
7718022.747
7718006.506
7718003.337
7717999.608
7718009.184
7718014.044
7718015.841
7718021.001
7718020.592
7718028.409
225.803
226.181
229.574
225.545
225.579
225.533
225.475
225.549
225.551
225.5
225.461
225.351
225.401
225.212
225.305
225.179
225.612
225.227
225.242
225.218
225.241
225.243
225.235
225.255
225.243
225.209
225.141
225.18
225.184
225.165
225.155
225.12
225.137
225.981
225.104
225.108
227.114
230.091
224.995
225.081
225.041
225.031
225.063
225.035
225.007
225.039
225.078
225.087
225.046
225.008
225.087
225.104
225.146
225.304
229.281
TOPO_PT
TOE
TOPO_PT
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
TOE
TOPO_PT
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
TOPO_PT
POOL
POOL
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
TOE
TOPO_PT
89
Table E.1: 2006 Total station survey data for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
7583
7584
7585
7586
7587
7588
7589
7590
7591
7592
7593
7594
7595
7596
7597
7598
7599
7600
7601
7602
7603
7604
7605
7606
7607
7608
7609
7610
7611
7612
7613
7614
7615
7616
7617
7618
7619
7620
7621
7622
7623
7624
7625
7626
7627
7628
7629
7630
7631
7632
7633
7634
7635
7636
7637
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
612686.093
612703.384
612716.046
612730.09
612725.598
612731.101
612733.64
612734.115
612743.828
612750.13
612761.556
612766.227
612756.631
612748.265
612742.591
612751.958
612747.069
612749.445
612760.434
612741.896
612743.805
612771.334
612768.587
612765.77
612772.388
612771.392
612827.053
612761.999
612823.768
612760.148
612820.793
612820.876
612814.802
612829.489
612878.24
612880.811
612833.689
612882.871
612891.187
612897.866
612894.758
612897.615
612885.802
612908.918
612919.141
612927.44
612931.42
612925.691
612919.042
612938.795
612944.852
612950.189
612955.718
612959.417
612953.696
7717995.331
7718013.253
7718008.216
7717988.615
7717980.855
7717993.828
7717998.189
7718000.305
7717998.081
7717997.431
7717994.133
7717985.757
7717985.66
7717988.773
7717991.274
7717992.751
7717992.98
7718000.939
7717999.308
7718011.996
7718019.121
7717994.486
7717988.52
7717980.023
7718007.641
7718003.668
7717973.39
7717977.318
7717966.475
7717967.404
7717958.444
7717958.22
7717951.874
7717978.935
7717942.868
7717936.153
7717984.487
7717945.217
7717943.108
7717932.319
7717924.495
7717930.342
7717910.908
7717947.311
7717927.066
7717924.612
7717921.671
7717919.417
7717921.731
7717883.335
7717897.689
7717907.445
7717908.485
7717915.267
7717911.598
231.017
224.69
224.701
225.997
231.315
225.01
224.789
224.903
225.011
224.91
224.931
224.982
224.954
224.933
224.928
224.552
224.791
225.02
225.241
226.176
229.128
225.123
224.94
225.039
229.35
226.643
225.311
225.56
224.752
230.053
224.923
224.889
228.342
225.266
224.159
224.124
228.119
224.055
224.123
224.105
224.778
224.415
230.264
224.559
223.973
224.067
224.009
224.02
223.952
231.46
224.542
223.956
223.928
223.924
223.972
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOE
TOPO_PT
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
POOL
TOPO_PT
TOP
TOE
TOPO_PT
TOE
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOE
POOL
POOL
TOP
POOL
POOL
POOL
TOE
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOE
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
TOP
TOE
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
90
Table E.1: 2006 Total station survey data for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
7638
7639
7640
7641
7642
7643
7644
7645
7646
7647
7648
7649
7650
7651
7652
7653
7654
7655
7656
7657
7658
7659
7660
7661
7662
7663
7664
7665
7666
7667
7668
7669
7670
7671
7672
7673
7674
7675
7676
7677
7678
7679
7680
7681
7682
7683
7684
7685
7686
7687
7688
7689
7690
7691
7692
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
612950.055
612956.925
612960.757
612969.086
612962.198
612961.448
612976.347
612988.813
613002.926
613017.088
613036.34
613051.131
613064.224
613070.679
613050.993
613035.656
613011.21
612987.936
612973.345
612967.472
613020.37
613038.519
613045.38
613061.992
613059.862
613072.168
613077.847
613085.158
613013.494
613083.444
613086.705
613092.961
613095.217
613097.727
613101.882
613093.965
613075.378
613080.548
613086.751
613096.848
613107.413
613116.186
613124.352
613143.547
613157.933
613163.555
613150.032
613153.067
613172.804
613185.93
613171.298
613152.259
613136.568
613118.559
613110.806
7717914.086
7717921.924
7717930.606
7717914.134
7717944.155
7717898.287
7717885.927
7717881.542
7717873.673
7717866.883
7717861.964
7717856.715
7717853.77
7717867.707
7717879.864
7717894.211
7717911.632
7717921.759
7717918.262
7717912.15
7717922.225
7717897.84
7717905.056
7717895.352
7717881.688
7717872.042
7717877.331
7717882.447
7717859.013
7717820.316
7717833.222
7717843.318
7717850.208
7717857.387
7717862.261
7717866.999
7717897.691
7717893.617
7717893.209
7717879.013
7717864.762
7717844.289
7717832.813
7717818.125
7717820.193
7717822.515
7717834.856
7717842.492
7717834.425
7717825.005
7717844.546
7717855.068
7717866.328
7717875.636
7717881.459
223.943
224.11
224.56
223.838
227.939
223.852
223.839
223.834
223.8
223.844
223.921
223.906
223.926
223.822
223.895
223.831
223.845
223.936
223.952
223.908
226.608
224.609
225.041
224.106
224.707
224.153
224.943
223.941
227.246
229.416
227.183
224.133
224.02
223.374
223.336
223.414
223.223
223.258
223.134
223.276
223.238
223.25
223.205
223.143
223.306
223.265
223.244
223.261
223.271
223.239
223.31
223.284
223.228
223.179
223.283
POOL
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
POOL 1
TOPO_PT
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
POOL 1
TOP
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOP
TOP
TOP
TOE
TOPO_PT
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
POOL 2
91
Table E.1: 2006 Total station survey data for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
7693
7694
7695
7696
7697
7698
7699
7700
7701
7702
7703
7704
7705
7706
7707
7708
7709
7710
7711
7712
7713
7714
7715
7716
7717
7719
7720
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
07/30/2006
613125.009
613153.888
613167.015
613186.402
613180.886
613142.766
613232.79
613219.867
613207.872
613241.865
613241.51
613250.419
613239.242
613224.156
613205.158
613270.197
613274.791
613283.225
613274.421
613272.122
613270.722
613261.763
613276.259
613285.578
613285.467
613263.136
613258.297
7717890.475
7717837.03
7717858.936
7717820.665
7717806.541
7717807.118
7717802.708
7717787.723
7717775.9
7717816.796
7717814.889
7717795.705
7717778.619
7717768.464
7717755.034
7717784.641
7717781.35
7717778.615
7717778.206
7717776.352
7717773.87
7717767.287
7717768.468
7717766.55
7717779.506
7717798.582
7717755.356
228.724
223.449
226.211
223.302
223.497
227.027
223.927
223.561
224.487
225.793
224.087
223.147
223.949
224.696
228.494
221.321
220.895
220.566
220.865
221.155
221.899
223.251
222.219
221.112
220.611
224.196
224.583
TOP
TOPO_PT
TOP
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOP
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOP
TOE
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOP
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
WATER_E
TOP
TOP
Note: Northings and Eastings are in NAD83 Oregon North State Plane Projection. Elevations
are relative to the NAVD88 vertical datum.
92
Table E.2: 2006 Total station survey data for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
0002
0003
0001
5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025
5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
623193.315
623813.82
620628.2
621178.519
621193.779
621193.196
621208.644
621221.798
621231.431
621248.567
621265.997
621286.024
621289.654
621296.672
621306.798
621325.483
621329.081
621349.032
621348.476
621341.677
621338.68
621355.387
621383.509
621393.014
621396.997
621420.73
621450.922
621472.372
621506.086
621530.185
621538.744
621574.194
621602.536
621628.723
621642.024
621654.329
621682.423
621711.064
621735.793
621761.851
621790.818
621821.925
621853.866
621886.89
621913.798
621946.649
621972.775
621988.485
621997.656
622016.495
622043.621
622069.515
622090.563
622113.902
7717187.880
7716717.63
7717437.82
7717648.343
7717670.989
7717678.676
7717690.839
7717706.858
7717721.561
7717747.643
7717763.446
7717784.053
7717807.089
7717826.703
7717856.662
7717890.75
7717914.672
7717924.485
7717943.296
7717959.842
7717974.533
7717973.432
7717980.099
7717979.396
7717974.698
7717981.596
7717996.105
7717997.643
7718000.985
7717997.939
7718012.691
7718019.232
7718021.328
7718014.982
7718009.617
7718002.221
7718011.039
7718021.153
7718023.426
7718019.897
7718017.391
7718012.681
7718005.361
7717996.561
7717989.792
7717983.607
7717991.414
7717997.05
7718007.023
7717995.309
7717982.09
7717962.748
7717943.018
7717922.797
178.42
174.76
198.48
194.726
194.544
194.469
194.457
194.347
194.409
194.216
194.121
193.984
194.087
193.932
193.591
193.14
192.904
192.551
192.353
191.833
190.599
190.555
190.647
190.62
190.712
190.699
190.696
190.739
190.652
190.679
190.616
190.448
190.378
190.121
189.301
188.744
188.341
187.478
186.67
186.532
186.37
186.268
186.22
186.265
186.227
186.159
185.797
185.441
184.886
184.866
184.932
184.923
184.763
184.822
GW WELL 1
DS WATER EDGE
US WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
93
Table E.2: 2006 Total station survey data for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Point #
5051
5052
5053
5054
5055
5056
6036
6037
6038
6039
6041
6042
6043
6044
6032
6033
6034
6035
6000
6001
6002
6003
6004
6005
6006
6007
6008
6009
6010
6011
6012
6013
6014
6015
6016
6017
6018
6019
6020
6021
6022
6023
6024
6025
6026
6027
6028
6029
6030
6031
6045
6046
6047
6048
6049
6050
Date
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
Northing (ft)
622133.465
622155.881
622188.427
622212.524
622235.53
622259.971
621570.881
621581.99
621600.34
621613.674
621620.487
621633.209
621645.462
621661.549
621567.223
621557.02
621544.394
621532.522
621667.257
621283.706
621296.902
621323.288
621311.879
621306.632
621328.401
621349.981
621380.661
621362.534
621340.509
621347.934
621362.107
621382.978
621404.919
621445.917
621426.215
621398.922
621383.764
621419.109
621438.675
621468.648
621490.255
621527.891
621516.099
621501.699
621490.096
621516.549
621534.771
621554.866
621577.724
621593.762
621633.238
621629.846
621612.903
621618.705
621596.945
621590.228
Easting (ft)
7717902.304
7717883.077
7717865.403
7717842.647
7717817.397
7717804.766
7717963.573
7717964.213
7717970.193
7717974.776
7717976.899
7717982.449
7717987.494
7717993.652
7717964.327
7717969.084
7717976.449
7717980.922
7717923.43
7717735.179
7717723.879
7717751.211
7717766.002
7717822.083
7717802.063
7717773.663
7717799.793
7717817.607
7717837.117
7717887.46
7717870.762
7717839.244
7717815.341
7717825.871
7717868.072
7717913.558
7717943.466
7717948.783
7717919.608
7717877.66
7717856.335
7717886.154
7717912.621
7717944.64
7717975.174
7717976.634
7717971.154
7717961.978
7717955.061
7717947.672
7717988.711
7717996.41
7718000.049
7717984.34
7717974.038
7717987.307
Elevation (ft)
184.752
184.62
184.531
184.309
183.89
184.006
190.022
189.81
189.236
189.347
188.858
188.491
188.416
187.718
190.513
191.01
191.143
190.689
192.717
195.542
195.985
195.767
194.838
194.095
194.466
195.23
195.152
194.684
194.452
193.697
194.618
194.531
194.587
194.608
194.998
194.05
192.545
193.153
194.611
194.616
194.206
193.717
194.655
194.838
193.224
193.421
193.873
193.303
193.09
193.815
189.609
190.089
190.375
190.274
190.456
190.897
Description
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
HF
HF
HF
HF
HF
HF
HF
HF
BOT
BOT
BOT
BOT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
94
Table E.2: 2006 Total station survey data for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Point #
6051
6052
6053
6054
6055
6056
6057
6058
6059
6060
6061
6062
6063
6064
6065
6066
6067
6068
6069
6070
6071
6072
6073
6074
6075
6076
6077
6078
6079
6080
6081
6082
6083
6084
6085
6086
6087
6088
6089
6090
6091
6092
6093
6094
6095
6096
6097
6098
6099
6100
6101
6102
6103
6104
6105
6106
Date
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
Northing (ft)
621584.776
621569.625
621572.701
621576.16
621666.239
621630.253
621604.889
621568.98
621564.002
621541.263
621501.514
621472.165
621442.672
621399.507
621325.996
621267.219
621224.263
621180.609
621690.052
621646.492
621736.874
621680.458
621715.691
621769.716
621825.33
621776.532
621911.677
621942.41
621838.957
621981.745
622028.02
621896.171
622079.828
622093.469
621932.396
622132.575
621998.564
622159.309
622199.353
622061.119
622230.094
622252.772
622096.647
622166.113
622135.434
622141.706
622119.469
622111.875
622094.075
622168.221
622100.045
622091.459
622083.552
622077.341
622063.479
622040.322
Easting (ft)
7717998.905
7717999.182
7717981.181
7717967.51
7717922.237
7717899.03
7717886.503
7717873.052
7717860.18
7717821.541
7717787.213
7717766.75
7717765.961
7717719.63
7717657.822
7717635.505
7717619.279
7717590.407
7717911.777
7717971.105
7717892.612
7717985.759
7717989.965
7717991.965
7717983.81
7717870.676
7717957.252
7717943.862
7717873.125
7717925.584
7717901.618
7717899.305
7717887.781
7717864.712
7717897.41
7717868.116
7717876.121
7717844.444
7717828.199
7717841.777
7717799.658
7717783.877
7717809.682
7717856.153
7717874.017
7717804.183
7717900.244
7717888.765
7717864.297
7717791.679
7717917.455
7717899.901
7717885.62
7717936.545
7717915.095
7717897.032
Elevation (ft)
190.687
190.62
190.986
190.667
192.827
193.639
194.062
193.318
194.168
195.729
196.366
197.216
197.207
197.569
197.592
197.498
197.452
198.906
193.002
191.221
195.442
190.682
191.001
191.167
191.46
196.031
191.912
192.119
195.495
190.462
188.23
193.688
187.717
191.018
193.282
186.195
192.258
186.808
185.042
191.077
184.752
185.573
190.74
184.821
185.272
191.336
184.711
185.464
191.533
190.414
184.862
186.135
187.604
184.877
186.631
189.055
Description
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
95
Table E.2: 2006 Total station survey data for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Point #
6107
6108
6109
6110
6111
6112
6113
6114
6115
6116
6117
6118
6119
6120
6121
6122
Date
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
07/31/2006
Northing (ft)
622049.397
622033.96
622033.981
622206.727
622017.713
622016.895
622003.819
621979.87
622257.139
621990.331
621967.375
621945.939
622227.758
621928.988
622174.644
622134.558
Easting (ft)
7717960.902
7717935.828
7717935.786
7717774.769
7717913.885
7717979.218
7717957.706
7717925.525
7717755.918
7717986.195
7717969.694
7717966.346
7717787.971
7717949.615
7717822.303
7717830.588
Elevation (ft)
184.827
187.068
187.064
189.319
188.464
184.934
186.562
190.71
193.168
185.225
186.029
186.069
186.979
192.133
188.129
190.376
Description
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
TOPO_PT
Note: Northings and Eastings are in NAD83 Oregon North State Plane Projection. Elevations
are relative to the NAVD88 vertical datum.
96
Table E.3: 2006 Total station survey data for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
8000
8001
8002
8003
8004
8005
8006
8007
8008
8009
8010
8011
8012
8013
8014
8015
8016
8017
8018
8019
8020
8021
8022
8023
8024
8025
8026
8027
8028
8029
8030
8031
8032
8033
8034
8035
8036
8037
8038
8039
8040
8041
8042
8043
8044
8045
8046
8047
8048
8049
8050
8051
8052
8053
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
632895.381
632904.882
632886.163
632886.193
632881.345
632860.508
632860.466
632809.466
632775.149
632747.228
632738.183
632732.937
632718.095
632727.996
632758.709
632794.059
632824.304
632872.331
632878.126
632870.984
632869.824
632867.728
632854.514
632814.255
632778.356
632743.129
632727.565
632728.667
632758.686
632793.885
632817.609
632849.724
632825.052
632796.662
632764.822
632746.788
632747.504
632752.538
632760.560
632773.902
632782.666
632793.919
632778.274
632737.000
632743.789
632756.780
632774.062
632793.121
632806.895
632783.378
632790.931
632800.799
632808.254
632824.608
7708673.079
7708678.067
7708703.474
7708703.463
7708698.643
7708683.379
7708683.525
7708668.867
7708657.221
7708645.628
7708642.023
7708640.608
7708670.022
7708673.629
7708682.377
7708692.047
7708703.082
7708715.425
7708716.824
7708739.111
7708738.983
7708751.169
7708765.391
7708756.518
7708748.223
7708738.798
7708734.730
7708754.203
7708762.609
7708771.473
7708778.499
7708789.254
7708811.956
7708808.666
7708802.948
7708799.811
7708814.054
7708831.751
7708843.466
7708850.412
7708843.198
7708826.835
7708821.045
7708836.525
7708855.708
7708861.920
7708866.149
7708861.469
7708844.308
7708599.509
7708598.386
7708604.235
7708609.185
7708618.007
148.044
145.068
145.337
145.338
147.867
148.062
148.050
148.509
148.023
146.531
146.664
145.220
145.453
146.400
147.656
147.999
147.960
147.461
145.308
145.240
145.158
145.588
147.485
148.306
148.195
147.089
146.200
146.188
147.599
148.227
148.327
147.239
147.469
147.868
147.570
146.698
146.125
146.055
146.706
147.255
148.156
147.803
148.134
144.664
145.592
145.953
147.497
147.699
147.364
144.861
146.410
146.524
147.122
148.243
TOPO PT
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
WATER EDGE
1
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
WATER EDGE
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
97
Table E.3: 2006 Total station survey data for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
8054
8055
8056
8057
8058
8059
8060
8061
8062
8063
8064
8065
8066
8067
8068
8069
8070
8071
8072
8073
8074
8075
8076
8077
8078
8079
8080
8081
8082
8083
8084
8085
8086
8087
8088
8089
8090
8091
8092
8093
8094
8095
8096
8097
8098
8099
8100
8101
8102
8103
8104
8105
8106
8107
8108
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
632846.767
632859.772
632874.597
632881.986
632892.279
632900.630
632916.406
632919.900
632920.233
632937.420
632950.364
632921.025
632906.311
632864.391
632845.511
632829.629
632811.492
632820.685
632833.075
632846.695
632868.121
632880.509
632889.090
632897.239
632905.649
632919.070
632920.599
632905.998
632900.376
632897.180
632901.188
632907.073
632913.787
632918.269
632947.122
632967.347
632985.671
632992.928
632972.064
632953.846
632921.929
632907.949
632901.481
632894.170
632883.007
632868.425
632862.389
632855.270
632874.654
632886.065
632905.585
632915.437
632925.376
632932.951
632928.671
7708625.535
7708629.463
7708633.935
7708636.178
7708638.986
7708642.749
7708652.854
7708654.446
7708657.717
7708622.088
7708625.033
7708610.914
7708618.104
7708592.853
7708579.543
7708571.178
7708563.414
7708558.214
7708557.850
7708563.529
7708570.613
7708563.166
7708565.043
7708568.810
7708552.953
7708542.778
7708551.152
7708562.126
7708568.944
7708576.265
7708574.435
7708566.228
7708569.113
7708582.179
7708592.505
7708601.904
7708611.090
7708577.987
7708568.205
7708562.010
7708549.854
7708544.453
7708540.899
7708538.396
7708533.086
7708527.573
7708524.542
7708521.485
7708483.414
7708491.539
7708504.356
7708509.658
7708513.652
7708520.182
7708543.808
148.299
148.974
148.843
148.110
148.635
148.516
148.133
147.886
146.197
147.389
145.739
148.540
148.859
148.867
148.912
147.729
146.369
147.094
148.388
149.077
148.413
147.361
148.086
148.330
147.938
147.579
147.244
147.310
147.441
147.679
148.497
148.305
148.022
148.480
147.597
147.511
145.626
146.642
147.674
147.648
148.271
149.092
148.711
149.622
148.849
148.624
147.655
146.660
146.197
147.925
150.026
147.565
148.306
148.046
148.116
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
98
Table E.3: 2006 Total station survey data for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
8109
8110
8111
8112
8113
8114
8115
8116
8117
8118
8119
8120
8121
8122
8123
8124
8125
8126
8127
8128
8129
8130
8131
8132
8133
8134
8135
8136
8137
8138
8139
8140
8141
8142
8143
8144
8145
8146
8147
8148
8149
8150
8151
8152
8153
8154
8155
8156
8157
8158
8159
8160
8161
8162
8163
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
632934.437
632936.281
632937.178
632934.153
632935.972
632937.232
632918.445
632906.195
632898.545
632878.849
632867.092
632877.363
632896.033
632909.993
632905.777
632900.249
632895.455
632900.848
632906.536
632913.349
632921.518
632927.735
632930.943
632934.954
632924.776
632917.959
632943.699
632954.610
632955.555
632946.472
632908.242
632930.379
632942.118
632958.400
632980.332
632993.814
633004.025
633021.374
633052.815
633079.220
633116.623
633097.966
633080.600
633075.119
633067.480
633070.881
633074.111
633076.171
633072.617
633070.137
633063.036
633043.690
633036.084
633030.236
633017.394
7708537.391
7708536.916
7708539.242
7708543.273
7708518.260
7708527.328
7708525.099
7708520.737
7708518.856
7708513.506
7708507.242
7708479.911
7708485.707
7708489.919
7708504.659
7708525.193
7708547.019
7708549.709
7708533.886
7708515.465
7708494.890
7708485.725
7708491.580
7708491.611
7708513.819
7708530.165
7708486.617
7708484.121
7708497.420
7708499.552
7708475.109
7708464.878
7708449.580
7708422.027
7708400.694
7708383.476
7708368.033
7708348.481
7708316.235
7708291.629
7708315.990
7708339.685
7708361.524
7708352.735
7708360.080
7708365.058
7708358.163
7708356.610
7708356.134
7708357.995
7708367.356
7708380.178
7708390.496
7708397.341
7708408.152
145.088
144.686
144.452
145.517
146.478
145.014
147.663
147.498
148.871
148.013
146.019
145.169
147.515
149.119
148.880
148.513
148.455
147.762
147.658
147.166
145.803
144.089
145.841
146.514
147.662
147.720
147.597
146.704
146.918
147.794
147.513
146.416
146.210
145.747
144.585
144.891
144.193
143.757
143.542
143.685
143.815
143.841
144.051
143.431
143.717
144.103
143.291
143.246
143.198
143.389
144.841
144.641
144.569
145.603
145.223
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
POOL
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
99
Table E.3: 2006 Total station survey data for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
8164
8165
8166
8167
8168
8169
8170
8171
8172
8173
8174
8175
8176
8177
8178
8179
8180
8181
8182
8183
8184
8185
8186
8187
8188
8189
8190
8191
0107
0108
0109
0110
0111
500,
8501
8502
8503
8504
8505
8506
8507
8508
8509
8510
8511
8512
8513
8514
8515
8516
8517
8518
8519
8520
8521
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
633000.588
632987.592
632977.145
632964.841
632957.552
632954.918
632956.220
632947.578
632987.961
633003.550
633027.512
633041.047
633049.187
633059.279
633071.693
633083.166
633094.529
633098.137
633106.259
633126.727
633144.426
633159.101
633157.856
633128.244
633099.694
633045.665
633033.548
633013.103
632762.316
632777.263
632798.588
632838.002
632886.145
6632738.660
632754.245
632776.933
632780.690
632784.243
632789.110
632811.136
632828.939
632849.019
632864.745
632893.056
632934.234
632988.480
633022.958
633036.605
633081.448
633096.709
633136.463
633140.065
633115.257
633100.381
633089.102
7708423.150
7708433.275
7708450.625
7708478.374
7708482.146
7708485.338
7708492.224
7708487.547
7708493.395
7708503.095
7708478.999
7708458.182
7708443.373
7708428.199
7708409.862
7708394.150
7708380.224
7708374.276
7708364.995
7708348.262
7708330.491
7708316.685
7708301.892
7708319.601
7708340.976
7708399.227
7708417.125
7708440.854
7708617.032
7708626.513
7708636.957
7708654.606
7708670.110
7708607.069
7708591.611
7708580.947
7708588.136
7708581.733
7708585.536
7708553.065
7708550.771
7708519.219
7708482.469
7708447.641
7708405.657
7708367.432
7708343.430
7708321.511
7708280.373
7708262.834
7708256.163
7708266.285
7708288.969
7708296.453
7708304.260
144.742
144.639
145.027
145.988
145.548
146.819
147.059
147.474
145.878
146.652
147.139
147.659
147.896
147.777
147.671
147.636
148.016
147.311
144.707
144.376
144.555
144.062
143.675
144.258
144.202
146.418
146.669
146.182
145.548
147.234
148.012
149.140
148.719
144.613
144.373
144.116
143.844
143.839
143.884
143.755
144.015
143.793
143.680
143.583
143.602
143.642
143.569
143.611
143.560
143.524
143.013
142.785
142.925
143.307
143.411
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
TOPO PT
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
100
Table E.3: 2006 Total station survey data for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Elevation (ft)
Description
8522
8523
8524
8525
8526
8527
8528
8529
8530
8531
8532
8533
8534
8535
8536
8537
8538
8539
8540
8541
8542
8543
8544
8545
8546
8547
8548
8549
8550
8551
8552
8553
8554
8555
8556
8557
8558
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
08/01/2006
633055.623
633024.502
632999.060
632982.481
632970.033
632957.729
632945.387
632935.203
632932.863
632939.657
632957.163
632967.784
632976.523
632997.072
633027.695
633042.071
633075.826
633100.829
633139.452
633161.669
633163.195
633167.858
633169.244
633142.283
633120.171
633101.581
633064.053
633042.030
633022.777
633016.993
633004.187
632997.419
632983.043
632967.480
632946.255
632922.442
632906.738
7708322.936
7708349.666
7708382.104
7708409.777
7708429.813
7708444.548
7708461.911
7708474.806
7708482.248
7708478.147
7708476.616
7708460.185
7708439.301
7708417.576
7708389.178
7708372.864
7708347.188
7708319.556
7708290.015
7708292.058
7708309.121
7708310.703
7708313.603
7708339.838
7708363.461
7708388.616
7708437.177
7708475.951
7708508.708
7708531.540
7708561.250
7708601.610
7708631.916
7708624.085
7708634.653
7708658.061
7708676.036
143.547
143.452
143.472
143.264
143.510
143.468
143.337
143.344
143.415
143.210
143.424
143.328
143.394
143.557
143.410
143.575
143.384
143.461
142.877
142.860
142.876
142.897
142.845
142.924
142.951
142.985
142.965
142.891
143.289
143.168
143.265
143.243
143.489
144.488
145.185
145.184
145.209
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
EDGE WATER
Note: Northings and Eastings are in NAD83 Oregon North State Plane Projection. Elevations
are relative to the NAVD88 vertical datum.
101
APPENDIX F
PIEZOMETER (WELL) INSTALLATION
102
F.1. Well installation procedure
Given the larger diameter of pebbles, cobbles and boulders that constitute much of the
sediment on the lower Clackamas River, piezometer installation was very difficult.
Two major methods were used to drive wells into the ground.
F.1.1 Well installation tool (‘potato masher’)
The first method included driving a well installation tool into the ground by using a
combination of a sledgehammer and a large weight attached to an iron rod (Figure
F.1). This method worked for 2 wells (made of PVC) where the water table was
relatively near the surface and grain sizes on the bar were mostly gravel rather than
pebbles or cobbles. On most bars, however, hand-driven methods were not enough to
drive piezometers into the ground.
Figure F.1: Using sledgehammer to drive well installation tool into the ground.
103
F.1.2. Gas-powered jackhammer
The second method included utilizing a 60-lb, gas-powered jackhammer to drive steel
piezometers into the ground. A long steel rod (2 – 2.4 m long depending on whether
1.5- or 2.3-m piezometer was being installed) was inserted into the piezometer. The
section of the rod that protruded above the top of the well had hexagonal slats in order
to fit inside the jackhammer. One field crew member would stand on top of a ladder
to operate the jackhammer while another field crew member held onto the well to help
direct driving direction (Figure F.3)
Figure F.2 Steel rod with hexagonal tip exposed above an installed well.
104
Figure F.3. Crew members driving piezometer into ground using jackhammer.
105
APPENDIX G
METHODS OF ASSESSING HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY WITHIN
WELLS
2
4.03
4.93
4
8/31/2006
613220.127
7717787.773
All well slug tests analyzed by Bouwer and Rice (1976)
613215.538
7718112.654
9/03/2006
2
621452.373
621397.270
Northing (ft)
7717812.821
7718112.654
Easting (ft)
2
7.04
7.04
5.03
2.55
1.59
Water
Depth
(ft)
195.19
194.45
190.70
191.01
Water Table
Elevation (ft)
Top of Well
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Well
Water
Elevation (ft)
Depth
Depth
Top of Well
Water table
(ft)
(ft)
1
9/12/2006
632807.941
7708637.700
5.03
1.54
147.40
143.91
2
9/12/2006
632854.474
7708670.040
7.04
2.03
148.84
143.83
3
9/12/2006
632893.956
7708567.935
7.04
2.47
148.19
143.62
4
09/12/06
632917.601
7708509.427
5.03
2.05
146.37
143.39
5
09/12/06
632980.056
7708493.029
5.03
3.36
144.87
143.20
1
Wells 2, 5 analyzed by Bouwer and Rice (1976) and Wells 1, 3, and 4 analyzed by Butler and Garnett (2000).
2
K values assigned to well in MODFLOW groundwater model
Well No.
9.52 x 10-2
-4
Slug Test
3.36 x 10-4
1.34 x 10-6
3.56 x 10-4
1.03 x 10-3
8.37 x 10-5
1
3.52 x10-3
1.34 x 10-6
3.52 x10-3
3.52 x10-3
8.37 x 10-5
MODFLOW2
K (m/s)
5.29 x 10-2
-4
3.94 x 10
2.46 x 10-2
5.59 x 10-4
MODFLOW2
K (m/s)
1
Slug Test
1.79
195.80
190.55
4.19 x 10
K values assigned to well in MODFLOW groundwater model
Well
Depth
(ft)
Table G.3: 2006 Well locations and K values for Barton bar (RKM 20)
3
9/03/2006
621466.073
7717787.773
All well slug tests analyzed by Butler and Garnett (2000)
9/03/2006
1
1
Date
Well No.
7.76 x 10
2.89 x 10
1.59 x 10-5
222.40
225.60
1.59 x 10-5
2.15
224.49
222.34
K values assigned to well in MODFLOW groundwater model
224.25
227.78
7.76 x 10-5
1.79
2.75
2.89 x 10-5
Slug Test
-5
Water Table
K (m/s)
-5
Top of Well
Elevation (ft)
MODFLOW2
Water
Depth
(ft)
1
Well
Depth
(ft)
Table G.2: 2006 Well locations and K values for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
1
8/31/2006
3
612462.969
Easting (ft)
3.64
8/31/2006
1
Northing (ft)
7717812.821
Date
Well No.
Table G.1: 2006 Well locations and K values for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
G.1 Summary of K values for all wells
106
107
G.2 Slug Test Procedure, Analyses, and Data
G.2.1 Slug test procedure
Slug tests were conducted as falling-head tests, where water levels were recorded as
the well head recovered to its initial static level following an instantaneous
introduction of water.
1) WL16 Water Level Logger (Global Water Instrumentation, Inc., Gold River,
California, USA) was placed at the bottom of each piezometer, recording 10
readings per second.
2) Logger recorded static water levels for at least 2 minutes before introducing
water slug.
3) 3.8 liters (1 gallon) was added instantaneously into the well (took between 5-7
seconds to empty container).
4) Waited at least 5 minutes for water level to return to initial static water level.
5) Repeated steps 2-4 twice, completing 3 slug tests for each well.
G.2.2 Slug test analyses used to estimate hydraulic conductivity
G.2.2.1 Method 1: Bouwer and Rice (1976)
For partially-penetrating wells in an unconfined aquifer where recovery curves
demonstrated over-dampened behavior, we used the Bouwer and Rice (1976)
analytical solution:
Kr =
Kr
rc
rw
Re
Le
H0
Ht
t
rc2 ln( R e / rw ) 1 ⎡ H 0 ⎤
ln ⎢
⎥
t ⎣ Ht ⎦
2 Le
(G.1)
= hydraulic conductivity (L/T)
= radius of well casing (L)
= radius of gravel envelope (L)
= effective radial distance over which head is dissipated (L)
= length of the screen
= drawdown at time t = 0 (L)
= drawdown at time t = t (L)
= time since Ht = H0 (T)
An example using this solution is shown below.
108
EXAMPLE: Feldheimer Well 1 Slug Test
Recovery curve after introducing water slug into Feldheimer bar Well 3 shown in
Figure G.1.
Head in well (m)
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Time elapsed (s)
Figure G.1 Recovery curve from slug test in Well 3 on Feldheimer bar.
Recovery curve begins to exponentially decrease after 18.5 s. The drawdown at this
time becomes H0 and recovery time is reset to zero (t = 0). The equation variable 1/t
is calculated from the slope found by fitting a straight line to a plot of normalized head
(H0/Ht) versus time (Figure G.2).
Normalized head (H 0/H t)
1
0.1
0
5
10
15
20
Response time (s)
Figure G.2 Normalized head versus time.
25
30
35
109
The effective radius parameter, Re, needed for the analytical solution is estimated for a
partially penetrating well using the equation:
⎡
⎤
Re ⎢ 1.1
A + B ln[(H − Lw ) / rw ]⎥
=⎢
+
ln
⎥
Le
rw ⎢ ln⎛ Lw ⎞
⎥
⎜
⎟
rw
⎣⎢ ⎝ rw ⎠
⎦⎥
−1
(G.2)
where A and B are dimensionless numbers determined from Bouwer (1989).
F.2.2.2 Method 2: Butler and Garnett (2000)
For partially penetrating wells in an unconfined aquifer where recovery curves
demonstrated critically-dampened (concave down) or under-dampened (oscillatory)
behavior that are indicative of high-K, we used a spreadsheet program written by
Butler and Garnett (2000). The program applies a type-curve fitting method to slug
test data (namely the normalized head vs. dimensionless time). Access to this file and
program can be found at: http://www.krewg.org/Hydro/Publications/OFR00_4/index.html
Our slug test data demonstrated critically dampened behavior (concave down recovery
curve), which do not fit well to the type curves described in Butler and Garnett (2000)
(Figure G.3). This likely underestimates the value of K, because conducting a slug test
a smaller diameter well (< 0.5 m) in a high-K formation more likely measures the
effective hydraulic conductivity of the well, not the formation (Butler, 1998).
Normalized Head (H t/H 0)
1.000
0.000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Time (seconds)
Figure G.3 Eagle Creek Well 1 data (black) plotted against best-fit type curve
(gray) using Butler and Garnett (2000).
110
G.2.3 Response curves in Feldheimer wells
Slug Test Recovery Curve in Feldheimer Well 1
Head in well (m)
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Time elapsed (s)
Slug Test Recovery Curve in Feldheimer Well 3
Head in well (m)
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0
10
20
30
40
Time elapsed
50
60
70
111
Slug Test Recovery Curve in Feldheimer Well 4
Head in well (m)
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Time elapsed (s)
G.2.4 Response curves in Eagle Creek wells
Slug Test Recover Curvey in Eagle Creek Well 1
0.54
0.53
Head (m)
0.52
0.51
0.5
0.49
0.48
0.47
0
5
10
15
Time (s)
20
25
112
Slug Test Recovery Curve in Eagle Creek Well 2
0.84
0.83
Head (m)
0.82
0.81
0.8
0.79
0.78
0.77
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Tim e (s)
Slug Test 1, Well 3 - Eagle Creek Bar
0.63
0.62
0.61
Head (m)
0.6
0.59
0.58
0.57
0.56
0.55
0.54
0.53
0
5
10
15
Time (s)
20
25
113
G.2.3 Response curves in Barton wells
Slug Test Recovery Curve in Barton Well 1
Head (m)
0.6
0.55
0.5
0.45
0
5
10
15
20
Time (s)
Slug Test Recovery Curve in Barton Well 2
Head in well (m)
2.6
2.1
1.6
1.1
0.6
0
200
400
600
Time (s)
800
1000
1200
114
Slug Test Recovery Curve in Barton Well 3
1.2
Head (m)
1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Time (s)
Slug Test Recovery Curve in Barton Well 4
0.85
Head (m)
0.8
0.75
0.7
0.65
0.6
0
5
10
15
20
Time (s)
25
30
35
40
115
Slug Test Recovery Curve in Barton Well 5
1.6
1.5
Head (m)
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1
0
5
10
15
20
25
Time (s)
30
35
40
45
50
116
G.3 Determination of hydraulic conductivity using MODFLOW
Given the probable inaccuracies of slug tests (specifically within higher-K
formations), K estimates were also obtained through calibration of MODFLOW
groundwater models.
An average K estimate for each bar was obtained by spatially-averaging the K values
from the different hydraulic conductivity polygons within each groundwater model
(Table G.4).
Table G.4: Calculation of average bar K (area-weighted average)
Bar
Eagle
Creek
Feldheimer
Barton
Weight
(Polygon
Area/Total
Bar Area)
0.363080685
0.124388753
0.099327628
0.287591687
0.100550122
0.025061125
0.00896446
0.00658017
0.00594972
0.02739311
0.01061105
0.00247353
16843
2508
3294
2766
25411
0.662823187
0.098697415
0.129628901
0.108850498
1.1666E-05
1.0363E-06
4.537E-06
2.6124E-06
0.0000837
0.00000135
0.0035277
0.001763
2620
581
3816
656
0.341457057
0.075720057
0.497328294
0.085494591
2.858E-05
1.0222E-07
0.00175443
0.00015073
TOTAL
7673
Polygon K
(m/s)
Polygon
Area
(m2)
0.02469
0.0529
0.0599
0.09525
0.10553
0.0987
TOTAL
1188
407
325
941
329
82
3272
0.0000176
0.0000105
0.000035
0.000024
TOTAL
K*Weight
Average
bar K
(m/s)
6.19 x 10-2
1.99 x 10-5
1.93 x 10-3
117
APPENDIX H
GROUNDWATER MODELS OF FELDHEIMER, EAGLE CREEK AND
BARTON BARS
118
H.1 Feldheimer bar (RKM 30) groundwater model
Figure H.1 Feldheimer groundwater flow model with groundwater contours and
calibrated wells (pools of water).
Figure H.2 Feldheimer groundwater flow model showing hydraulic conductivity
polygons used to calibrate groundwater flow model.
119
H.2 Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26) groundwater model
Figure H.3 Entire Eagle Creek model, with boundary conditions defined by
groundwater wells installed within a paleochannel. Our primary interest was in
the bar section near the bottom of the figure.
120
Figure H.4. Close up view of Eagle Creek bar with calibrated groundwater wells.
121
Figure H.5. Eagle Creek bar with MODPATH particle tracking after 12 hours.
122
Figure H.6 Hydraulic conductivity polygons for Eagle Creek bar.
123
H.3 Barton bar (RKM 20) groundwater model
Figure H.7 Barton bar calibrated groundwater model.
124
Figure H.8 Hydraulic conductivity polygons for Barton bar.
125
APPENDIX I
TEMPERATURE MONITORING IN FELDHEIMER, EAGLE CREEK AND
BARTON BARS
126
Table I.1: 2006 Thermistor locations for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Approximate
elevation (ft)
of thermistor2
Description
7740
7735
7736
7737
7738
7730
7731
08/31/2006
08/31/2006
08/31/2006
08/31/2006
08/31/2006
08/31/2006
08/31/2006
612462.969
613215.538
613220.127
613000.351
612671.079
613281.999
613289.893
7718112.654
7717812.821
7717787.773
7717897.913
7718028.841
7717778.599
7717775.263
223.6
221.1
221.1
223.6
224.0
219.6
219.4
WELL 1
WELL 3
WELL 4
POOL 1
POOL 3
POOL AT TAIL
HF MAINSTEM
1
1
Northings and Eastings are in NAD83 Oregon North State Plane Projection. Elevations are relative to
the NAVD88 vertical datum
2
Depth of thermistors minus ground surface elevation
Table I.2: 2006 Thermistor locations for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Approximate
elevation (ft)
of thermistor
Description
7754
7755
7756
7757
7750
7751
09/03/2006
09/03/2006
09/03/2006
09/03/2006
09/03/2006
09/03/2006
621280.842
621397.270
621452.373
621466.073
621569.826
621483.896
7717766.599
7717892.594
7717922.032
7717910.459
7717962.950
7717983.082
194.1
190.0
188.8
189.8
190.5
190.5
BAR HEAD
WELL 1
WELL 2
WELL 3
HF CHANNEL
HF MAINSTEM
Table I.3: 2006 Thermistor locations for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Point #
Date
Northing (ft)
Easting (ft)
Approximate
elevation (ft)
of thermistor
8416
8400
8401
8402
8403
8405
8404
09/12/2006
09/12/2006
09/12/2006
09/12/2006
09/12/2006
09/12/2006
09/12/2006
632818.319
632807.941
632854.474
632893.956
632917.601
632980.056
632938.990
7708844.861
7708637.700
7708670.040
7708567.935
7708509.427
7708493.029
7708478.591
147.0
145.57
146.22
145.57
144.54
143.04
143.43
8406
09/12/2006
632963.689
7708450.036
142.25
Description
BAR HEAD
WELL 1
WELL 2
WELL 3
WELL 4
WELL 5
HF
HYPORHEIC
POOL
127
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/1/06 0:00
9/1/06 0:15
9/1/06 0:30
9/1/06 0:45
9/1/06 1:00
9/1/06 1:15
9/1/06 1:30
9/1/06 1:45
9/1/06 2:00
9/1/06 2:15
9/1/06 2:30
9/1/06 2:45
9/1/06 3:00
9/1/06 3:15
9/1/06 3:30
9/1/06 3:45
9/1/06 4:00
9/1/06 4:15
9/1/06 4:30
9/1/06 4:45
9/1/06 5:00
9/1/06 5:15
9/1/06 5:30
9/1/06 5:45
9/1/06 6:00
9/1/06 6:15
9/1/06 6:30
9/1/06 6:45
9/1/06 7:00
9/1/06 7:15
9/1/06 7:30
9/1/06 7:45
9/1/06 8:00
9/1/06 8:15
9/1/06 8:30
9/1/06 8:45
9/1/06 9:00
9/1/06 9:15
9/1/06 9:30
9/1/06 9:45
9/1/06 10:00
9/1/06 10:15
9/1/06 10:30
9/1/06 10:45
9/1/06 11:00
9/1/06 11:15
9/1/06 11:30
9/1/06 11:45
9/1/06 12:00
9/1/06 12:15
9/1/06 12:30
9/1/06 12:45
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.61
16.61
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.61
16.61
16.76
16.76
16.61
16.61
16.76
16.61
16.61
16.76
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.53
16.69
16.53
16.69
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.69
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.36
14.36
14.36
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.92
15.76
15.92
15.76
15.76
15.92
15.92
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.94
16.09
16.26
16.42
16.57
16.89
17.05
17.21
17.37
17.53
128
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/1/06 13:00
9/1/06 13:15
9/1/06 13:30
9/1/06 13:45
9/1/06 14:00
9/1/06 14:15
9/1/06 14:30
9/1/06 14:45
9/1/06 15:00
9/1/06 15:15
9/1/06 15:30
9/1/06 15:45
9/1/06 16:00
9/1/06 16:15
9/1/06 16:30
9/1/06 16:45
9/1/06 17:00
9/1/06 17:15
9/1/06 17:30
9/1/06 17:45
9/1/06 18:00
9/1/06 18:15
9/1/06 18:30
9/1/06 18:45
9/1/06 19:00
9/1/06 19:15
9/1/06 19:30
9/1/06 19:45
9/1/06 20:00
9/1/06 20:15
9/1/06 20:30
9/1/06 20:45
9/1/06 21:00
9/1/06 21:15
9/1/06 21:30
9/1/06 21:45
9/1/06 22:00
9/1/06 22:15
9/1/06 22:30
9/1/06 22:45
9/1/06 23:00
9/1/06 23:15
9/1/06 23:30
9/1/06 23:45
9/2/06 0:00
9/2/06 0:15
9/2/06 0:30
9/2/06 0:45
9/2/06 1:00
9/2/06 1:15
9/2/06 1:30
9/2/06 1:45
9/2/06 2:00
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.44
19.28
19.44
19.28
19.44
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.07
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
14.36
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.98
14.98
14.98
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
17.69
17.85
18.01
18.17
18.17
18.33
18.49
18.66
18.66
18.82
18.82
18.98
18.98
18.98
18.98
18.98
18.82
18.82
18.66
18.66
18.49
18.33
18.17
18.17
18.01
17.85
17.69
17.53
17.53
17.37
17.21
17.05
17.05
16.89
16.73
16.73
16.57
16.42
16.42
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
129
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/2/06 2:15
9/2/06 2:30
9/2/06 2:45
9/2/06 3:00
9/2/06 3:15
9/2/06 3:30
9/2/06 3:45
9/2/06 4:00
9/2/06 4:15
9/2/06 4:30
9/2/06 4:45
9/2/06 5:00
9/2/06 5:15
9/2/06 5:30
9/2/06 5:45
9/2/06 6:00
9/2/06 6:15
9/2/06 6:30
9/2/06 6:45
9/2/06 7:00
9/2/06 7:15
9/2/06 7:30
9/2/06 7:45
9/2/06 8:00
9/2/06 8:15
9/2/06 8:30
9/2/06 8:45
9/2/06 9:00
9/2/06 9:15
9/2/06 9:30
9/2/06 9:45
9/2/06 10:00
9/2/06 10:15
9/2/06 10:30
9/2/06 10:45
9/2/06 11:00
9/2/06 11:15
9/2/06 11:30
9/2/06 11:45
9/2/06 12:00
9/2/06 12:15
9/2/06 12:30
9/2/06 12:45
9/2/06 13:00
9/2/06 13:15
9/2/06 13:30
9/2/06 13:45
9/2/06 14:00
9/2/06 14:15
9/2/06 14:30
9/2/06 14:45
9/2/06 15:00
9/2/06 15:15
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.62
15.78
15.94
16.09
16.26
16.42
16.57
16.73
16.89
17.05
17.21
17.37
17.53
17.69
17.85
18.01
18.17
18.17
18.33
18.33
18.49
18.49
18.49
130
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/2/06 15:30
9/2/06 15:45
9/2/06 16:00
9/2/06 16:15
9/2/06 16:30
9/2/06 16:45
9/2/06 17:00
9/2/06 17:15
9/2/06 17:30
9/2/06 17:45
9/2/06 18:00
9/2/06 18:15
9/2/06 18:30
9/2/06 18:45
9/2/06 19:00
9/2/06 19:15
9/2/06 19:30
9/2/06 19:45
9/2/06 20:00
9/2/06 20:15
9/2/06 20:30
9/2/06 20:45
9/2/06 21:00
9/2/06 21:15
9/2/06 21:30
9/2/06 21:45
9/2/06 22:00
9/2/06 22:15
9/2/06 22:30
9/2/06 22:45
9/2/06 23:00
9/2/06 23:15
9/2/06 23:30
9/2/06 23:45
9/3/06 0:00
9/3/06 0:15
9/3/06 0:30
9/3/06 0:45
9/3/06 1:00
9/3/06 1:15
9/3/06 1:30
9/3/06 1:45
9/3/06 2:00
9/3/06 2:15
9/3/06 2:30
9/3/06 2:45
9/3/06 3:00
9/3/06 3:15
9/3/06 3:30
9/3/06 3:45
9/3/06 4:00
9/3/06 4:15
9/3/06 4:30
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.53
16.69
16.69
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.86
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
15.78
15.94
15.94
15.94
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.49
18.49
18.33
18.33
18.17
18.01
17.85
17.85
17.69
17.53
17.37
17.21
17.05
17.05
16.89
16.73
16.57
16.57
16.42
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
131
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/3/06 4:45
9/3/06 5:00
9/3/06 5:15
9/3/06 5:30
9/3/06 5:45
9/3/06 6:00
9/3/06 6:15
9/3/06 6:30
9/3/06 6:45
9/3/06 7:00
9/3/06 7:15
9/3/06 7:30
9/3/06 7:45
9/3/06 8:00
9/3/06 8:15
9/3/06 8:30
9/3/06 8:45
9/3/06 9:00
9/3/06 9:15
9/3/06 9:30
9/3/06 9:45
9/3/06 10:00
9/3/06 10:15
9/3/06 10:30
9/3/06 10:45
9/3/06 11:00
9/3/06 11:15
9/3/06 11:30
9/3/06 11:45
9/3/06 12:00
9/3/06 12:15
9/3/06 12:30
9/3/06 12:45
9/3/06 13:00
9/3/06 13:15
9/3/06 13:30
9/3/06 13:45
9/3/06 14:00
9/3/06 14:15
9/3/06 14:30
9/3/06 14:45
9/3/06 15:00
9/3/06 15:15
9/3/06 15:30
9/3/06 15:45
9/3/06 16:00
9/3/06 16:15
9/3/06 16:30
9/3/06 16:45
9/3/06 17:00
9/3/06 17:15
9/3/06 17:30
9/3/06 17:45
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.57
16.57
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.94
16.09
16.26
16.42
16.57
16.73
16.89
17.05
17.21
17.37
17.53
17.69
17.85
18.01
18.17
18.17
18.33
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.49
18.49
18.33
18.33
132
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/3/06 18:00
9/3/06 18:15
9/3/06 18:30
9/3/06 18:45
9/3/06 19:00
9/3/06 19:15
9/3/06 19:30
9/3/06 19:45
9/3/06 20:00
9/3/06 20:15
9/3/06 20:30
9/3/06 20:45
9/3/06 21:00
9/3/06 21:15
9/3/06 21:30
9/3/06 21:45
9/3/06 22:00
9/3/06 22:15
9/3/06 22:30
9/3/06 22:45
9/3/06 23:00
9/3/06 23:15
9/3/06 23:30
9/3/06 23:45
9/4/06 0:00
9/4/06 0:15
9/4/06 0:30
9/4/06 0:45
9/4/06 1:00
9/4/06 1:15
9/4/06 1:30
9/4/06 1:45
9/4/06 2:00
9/4/06 2:15
9/4/06 2:30
9/4/06 2:45
9/4/06 3:00
9/4/06 3:15
9/4/06 3:30
9/4/06 3:45
9/4/06 4:00
9/4/06 4:15
9/4/06 4:30
9/4/06 4:45
9/4/06 5:00
9/4/06 5:15
9/4/06 5:30
9/4/06 5:45
9/4/06 6:00
9/4/06 6:15
9/4/06 6:30
9/4/06 6:45
9/4/06 7:00
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
16.09
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
18.17
18.01
18.01
17.85
17.69
17.53
17.37
17.37
17.21
17.05
16.89
16.73
16.57
16.57
16.42
16.42
16.26
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
133
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/4/06 7:15
9/4/06 7:30
9/4/06 7:45
9/4/06 8:00
9/4/06 8:15
9/4/06 8:30
9/4/06 8:45
9/4/06 9:00
9/4/06 9:15
9/4/06 9:30
9/4/06 9:45
9/4/06 10:00
9/4/06 10:15
9/4/06 10:30
9/4/06 10:45
9/4/06 11:00
9/4/06 11:15
9/4/06 11:30
9/4/06 11:45
9/4/06 12:00
9/4/06 12:15
9/4/06 12:30
9/4/06 12:45
9/4/06 13:00
9/4/06 13:15
9/4/06 13:30
9/4/06 13:45
9/4/06 14:00
9/4/06 14:15
9/4/06 14:30
9/4/06 14:45
9/4/06 15:00
9/4/06 15:15
9/4/06 15:30
9/4/06 15:45
9/4/06 16:00
9/4/06 16:15
9/4/06 16:30
9/4/06 16:45
9/4/06 17:00
9/4/06 17:15
9/4/06 17:30
9/4/06 17:45
9/4/06 18:00
9/4/06 18:15
9/4/06 18:30
9/4/06 18:45
9/4/06 19:00
9/4/06 19:15
9/4/06 19:30
9/4/06 19:45
9/4/06 20:00
9/4/06 20:15
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.78
15.94
15.94
16.09
16.26
16.42
16.57
16.73
16.89
17.05
17.21
17.37
17.53
17.69
17.85
18.01
18.17
18.17
18.33
18.33
18.49
18.49
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.33
18.33
18.17
18.01
17.85
17.85
17.69
17.53
17.37
17.37
17.21
17.05
16.89
134
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/4/06 20:30
9/4/06 20:45
9/4/06 21:00
9/4/06 21:15
9/4/06 21:30
9/4/06 21:45
9/4/06 22:00
9/4/06 22:15
9/4/06 22:30
9/4/06 22:45
9/4/06 23:00
9/4/06 23:15
9/4/06 23:30
9/4/06 23:45
9/5/06 0:00
9/5/06 0:15
9/5/06 0:30
9/5/06 0:45
9/5/06 1:00
9/5/06 1:15
9/5/06 1:30
9/5/06 1:45
9/5/06 2:00
9/5/06 2:15
9/5/06 2:30
9/5/06 2:45
9/5/06 3:00
9/5/06 3:15
9/5/06 3:30
9/5/06 3:45
9/5/06 4:00
9/5/06 4:15
9/5/06 4:30
9/5/06 4:45
9/5/06 5:00
9/5/06 5:15
9/5/06 5:30
9/5/06 5:45
9/5/06 6:00
9/5/06 6:15
9/5/06 6:30
9/5/06 6:45
9/5/06 7:00
9/5/06 7:15
9/5/06 7:30
9/5/06 7:45
9/5/06 8:00
9/5/06 8:15
9/5/06 8:30
9/5/06 8:45
9/5/06 9:00
9/5/06 9:15
9/5/06 9:30
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
17.04
17.04
17.04
17.04
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.88
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
16.73
16.73
16.57
16.42
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
135
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/5/06 9:45
9/5/06 10:00
9/5/06 10:15
9/5/06 10:30
9/5/06 10:45
9/5/06 11:00
9/5/06 11:15
9/5/06 11:30
9/5/06 11:45
9/5/06 12:00
9/5/06 12:15
9/5/06 12:30
9/5/06 12:45
9/5/06 13:00
9/5/06 13:15
9/5/06 13:30
9/5/06 13:45
9/5/06 14:00
9/5/06 14:15
9/5/06 14:30
9/5/06 14:45
9/5/06 15:00
9/5/06 15:15
9/5/06 15:30
9/5/06 15:45
9/5/06 16:00
9/5/06 16:15
9/5/06 16:30
9/5/06 16:45
9/5/06 17:00
9/5/06 17:15
9/5/06 17:30
9/5/06 17:45
9/5/06 18:00
9/5/06 18:15
9/5/06 18:30
9/5/06 18:45
9/5/06 19:00
9/5/06 19:15
9/5/06 19:30
9/5/06 19:45
9/5/06 20:00
9/5/06 20:15
9/5/06 20:30
9/5/06 20:45
9/5/06 21:00
9/5/06 21:15
9/5/06 21:30
9/5/06 21:45
9/5/06 22:00
9/5/06 22:15
9/5/06 22:30
9/5/06 22:45
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.76
16.61
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.61
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.69
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.69
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.94
16.09
16.26
16.42
16.57
16.73
17.05
17.21
17.21
17.37
17.53
17.69
17.85
18.01
18.17
18.17
18.33
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.66
18.66
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.33
18.33
18.17
18.01
17.85
17.85
17.69
17.53
17.37
17.21
17.21
17.05
16.89
16.73
16.73
16.57
16.42
16.42
16.26
16.26
16.09
15.94
136
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/5/06 23:00
9/5/06 23:15
9/5/06 23:30
9/5/06 23:45
9/6/06 0:00
9/6/06 0:15
9/6/06 0:30
9/6/06 0:45
9/6/06 1:00
9/6/06 1:15
9/6/06 1:30
9/6/06 1:45
9/6/06 2:00
9/6/06 2:15
9/6/06 2:30
9/6/06 2:45
9/6/06 3:00
9/6/06 3:15
9/6/06 3:30
9/6/06 3:45
9/6/06 4:00
9/6/06 4:15
9/6/06 4:30
9/6/06 4:45
9/6/06 5:00
9/6/06 5:15
9/6/06 5:30
9/6/06 5:45
9/6/06 6:00
9/6/06 6:15
9/6/06 6:30
9/6/06 6:45
9/6/06 7:00
9/6/06 7:15
9/6/06 7:30
9/6/06 7:45
9/6/06 8:00
9/6/06 8:15
9/6/06 8:30
9/6/06 8:45
9/6/06 9:00
9/6/06 9:15
9/6/06 9:30
9/6/06 9:45
9/6/06 10:00
9/6/06 10:15
9/6/06 10:30
9/6/06 10:45
9/6/06 11:00
9/6/06 11:15
9/6/06 11:30
9/6/06 11:45
9/6/06 12:00
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.69
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.85
16.69
16.69
16.85
16.69
16.85
16.69
16.69
16.85
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.85
16.69
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.69
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.69
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.78
15.94
15.94
16.26
16.42
16.42
16.57
16.89
17.05
137
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/6/06 12:15
9/6/06 12:30
9/6/06 12:45
9/6/06 13:00
9/6/06 13:15
9/6/06 13:30
9/6/06 13:45
9/6/06 14:00
9/6/06 14:15
9/6/06 14:30
9/6/06 14:45
9/6/06 15:00
9/6/06 15:15
9/6/06 15:30
9/6/06 15:45
9/6/06 16:00
9/6/06 16:15
9/6/06 16:30
9/6/06 16:45
9/6/06 17:00
9/6/06 17:15
9/6/06 17:30
9/6/06 17:45
9/6/06 18:00
9/6/06 18:15
9/6/06 18:30
9/6/06 18:45
9/6/06 19:00
9/6/06 19:15
9/6/06 19:30
9/6/06 19:45
9/6/06 20:00
9/6/06 20:15
9/6/06 20:30
9/6/06 20:45
9/6/06 21:00
9/6/06 21:15
9/6/06 21:30
9/6/06 21:45
9/6/06 22:00
9/6/06 22:15
9/6/06 22:30
9/6/06 22:45
9/6/06 23:00
9/6/06 23:15
9/6/06 23:30
9/6/06 23:45
9/7/06 0:00
9/7/06 0:15
9/7/06 0:30
9/7/06 0:45
9/7/06 1:00
9/7/06 1:15
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.69
16.69
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.85
16.69
16.69
16.85
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.85
16.69
16.85
16.69
16.69
16.85
16.85
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.72
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.57
16.41
16.41
16.41
16.41
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
17.21
17.37
17.53
17.53
17.69
17.85
18.01
18.17
18.33
18.33
18.49
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.82
18.82
18.82
18.82
18.82
18.66
18.66
18.49
18.33
18.33
18.17
18.01
17.85
17.69
17.53
17.53
17.37
17.21
17.05
17.05
16.89
16.73
16.57
16.42
16.42
16.26
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
138
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/7/06 1:30
9/7/06 1:45
9/7/06 2:00
9/7/06 2:15
9/7/06 2:30
9/7/06 2:45
9/7/06 3:00
9/7/06 3:15
9/7/06 3:30
9/7/06 3:45
9/7/06 4:00
9/7/06 4:15
9/7/06 4:30
9/7/06 4:45
9/7/06 5:00
9/7/06 5:15
9/7/06 5:30
9/7/06 5:45
9/7/06 6:00
9/7/06 6:15
9/7/06 6:30
9/7/06 6:45
9/7/06 7:00
9/7/06 7:15
9/7/06 7:30
9/7/06 7:45
9/7/06 8:00
9/7/06 8:15
9/7/06 8:30
9/7/06 8:45
9/7/06 9:00
9/7/06 9:15
9/7/06 9:30
9/7/06 9:45
9/7/06 10:00
9/7/06 10:15
9/7/06 10:30
9/7/06 10:45
9/7/06 11:00
9/7/06 11:15
9/7/06 11:30
9/7/06 11:45
9/7/06 12:00
9/7/06 12:15
9/7/06 12:30
9/7/06 12:45
9/7/06 13:00
9/7/06 13:15
9/7/06 13:30
9/7/06 13:45
9/7/06 14:00
9/7/06 14:15
9/7/06 14:30
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.41
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.78
16.09
16.26
16.42
16.57
16.89
17.05
17.21
17.21
17.37
17.53
17.69
17.85
18.01
18.17
18.17
139
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/7/06 14:45
9/7/06 15:00
9/7/06 15:15
9/7/06 15:30
9/7/06 15:45
9/7/06 16:00
9/7/06 16:15
9/7/06 16:30
9/7/06 16:45
9/7/06 17:00
9/7/06 17:15
9/7/06 17:30
9/7/06 17:45
9/7/06 18:00
9/7/06 18:15
9/7/06 18:30
9/7/06 18:45
9/7/06 19:00
9/7/06 19:15
9/7/06 19:30
9/7/06 19:45
9/7/06 20:00
9/7/06 20:15
9/7/06 20:30
9/7/06 20:45
9/7/06 21:00
9/7/06 21:15
9/7/06 21:30
9/7/06 21:45
9/7/06 22:00
9/7/06 22:15
9/7/06 22:30
9/7/06 22:45
9/7/06 23:00
9/7/06 23:15
9/7/06 23:30
9/7/06 23:45
9/8/06 0:00
9/8/06 0:15
9/8/06 0:30
9/8/06 0:45
9/8/06 1:00
9/8/06 1:15
9/8/06 1:30
9/8/06 1:45
9/8/06 2:00
9/8/06 2:15
9/8/06 2:30
9/8/06 2:45
9/8/06 3:00
9/8/06 3:15
9/8/06 3:30
9/8/06 3:45
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.12
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.54
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
18.33
18.33
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.33
18.33
18.17
18.17
18.01
17.85
17.69
17.53
17.53
17.37
17.21
17.05
16.89
16.73
16.73
16.57
16.42
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
140
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/8/06 4:00
9/8/06 4:15
9/8/06 4:30
9/8/06 4:45
9/8/06 5:00
9/8/06 5:15
9/8/06 5:30
9/8/06 5:45
9/8/06 6:00
9/8/06 6:15
9/8/06 6:30
9/8/06 6:45
9/8/06 7:00
9/8/06 7:15
9/8/06 7:30
9/8/06 7:45
9/8/06 8:00
9/8/06 8:15
9/8/06 8:30
9/8/06 8:45
9/8/06 9:00
9/8/06 9:15
9/8/06 9:30
9/8/06 9:45
9/8/06 10:00
9/8/06 10:15
9/8/06 10:30
9/8/06 10:45
9/8/06 11:00
9/8/06 11:15
9/8/06 11:30
9/8/06 11:45
9/8/06 12:00
9/8/06 12:15
9/8/06 12:30
9/8/06 12:45
9/8/06 13:00
9/8/06 13:15
9/8/06 13:30
9/8/06 13:45
9/8/06 14:00
9/8/06 14:15
9/8/06 14:30
9/8/06 14:45
9/8/06 15:00
9/8/06 15:15
9/8/06 15:30
9/8/06 15:45
9/8/06 16:00
9/8/06 16:15
9/8/06 16:30
9/8/06 16:45
9/8/06 17:00
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.12
19.12
19.28
19.12
19.28
19.28
19.28
19.12
19.28
19.12
19.28
19.12
19.28
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.28
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.71
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.94
16.26
16.42
16.73
16.89
16.89
17.05
17.21
17.37
17.53
17.69
17.85
17.85
18.01
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.17
141
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/8/06 17:15
9/8/06 17:30
9/8/06 17:45
9/8/06 18:00
9/8/06 18:15
9/8/06 18:30
9/8/06 18:45
9/8/06 19:00
9/8/06 19:15
9/8/06 19:30
9/8/06 19:45
9/8/06 20:00
9/8/06 20:15
9/8/06 20:30
9/8/06 20:45
9/8/06 21:00
9/8/06 21:15
9/8/06 21:30
9/8/06 21:45
9/8/06 22:00
9/8/06 22:15
9/8/06 22:30
9/8/06 22:45
9/8/06 23:00
9/8/06 23:15
9/8/06 23:30
9/8/06 23:45
9/9/06 0:00
9/9/06 0:15
9/9/06 0:30
9/9/06 0:45
9/9/06 1:00
9/9/06 1:15
9/9/06 1:30
9/9/06 1:45
9/9/06 2:00
9/9/06 2:15
9/9/06 2:30
9/9/06 2:45
9/9/06 3:00
9/9/06 3:15
9/9/06 3:30
9/9/06 3:45
9/9/06 4:00
9/9/06 4:15
9/9/06 4:30
9/9/06 4:45
9/9/06 5:00
9/9/06 5:15
9/9/06 5:30
9/9/06 5:45
9/9/06 6:00
9/9/06 6:15
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.71
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
18.17
18.01
18.01
17.85
17.69
17.53
17.37
17.21
17.21
17.05
16.89
16.73
16.73
16.57
16.42
16.42
16.26
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
142
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/9/06 6:30
9/9/06 6:45
9/9/06 7:00
9/9/06 7:15
9/9/06 7:30
9/9/06 7:45
9/9/06 8:00
9/9/06 8:15
9/9/06 8:30
9/9/06 8:45
9/9/06 9:00
9/9/06 9:15
9/9/06 9:30
9/9/06 9:45
9/9/06 10:00
9/9/06 10:15
9/9/06 10:30
9/9/06 10:45
9/9/06 11:00
9/9/06 11:15
9/9/06 11:30
9/9/06 11:45
9/9/06 12:00
9/9/06 12:15
9/9/06 12:30
9/9/06 12:45
9/9/06 13:00
9/9/06 13:15
9/9/06 13:30
9/9/06 13:45
9/9/06 14:00
9/9/06 14:15
9/9/06 14:30
9/9/06 14:45
9/9/06 15:00
9/9/06 15:15
9/9/06 15:30
9/9/06 15:45
9/9/06 16:00
9/9/06 16:15
9/9/06 16:30
9/9/06 16:45
9/9/06 17:00
9/9/06 17:15
9/9/06 17:30
9/9/06 17:45
9/9/06 18:00
9/9/06 18:15
9/9/06 18:30
9/9/06 18:45
9/9/06 19:00
9/9/06 19:15
9/9/06 19:30
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.61
16.76
16.76
16.76
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.69
16.53
16.69
16.53
16.69
16.69
16.53
16.69
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.78
15.78
15.94
16.09
16.26
16.42
16.42
16.42
16.42
16.73
16.73
16.89
17.05
17.05
17.21
17.37
17.37
17.53
17.53
17.69
17.69
17.69
17.69
17.85
17.69
17.69
17.69
17.69
17.69
17.69
17.69
17.53
17.53
17.37
17.37
17.21
17.05
17.05
16.89
16.89
16.73
143
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/9/06 19:45
9/9/06 20:00
9/9/06 20:15
9/9/06 20:30
9/9/06 20:45
9/9/06 21:00
9/9/06 21:15
9/9/06 21:30
9/9/06 21:45
9/9/06 22:00
9/9/06 22:15
9/9/06 22:30
9/9/06 22:45
9/9/06 23:00
9/9/06 23:15
9/9/06 23:30
9/9/06 23:45
9/10/06 0:00
9/10/06 0:15
9/10/06 0:30
9/10/06 0:45
9/10/06 1:00
9/10/06 1:15
9/10/06 1:30
9/10/06 1:45
9/10/06 2:00
9/10/06 2:15
9/10/06 2:30
9/10/06 2:45
9/10/06 3:00
9/10/06 3:15
9/10/06 3:30
9/10/06 3:45
9/10/06 4:00
9/10/06 4:15
9/10/06 4:30
9/10/06 4:45
9/10/06 5:00
9/10/06 5:15
9/10/06 5:30
9/10/06 5:45
9/10/06 6:00
9/10/06 6:15
9/10/06 6:30
9/10/06 6:45
9/10/06 7:00
9/10/06 7:15
9/10/06 7:30
9/10/06 7:45
9/10/06 8:00
9/10/06 8:15
9/10/06 8:30
9/10/06 8:45
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.86
16.71
16.71
16.86
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
15.91
15.91
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.26
16.09
16.09
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.51
14.51
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.2
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
16.73
16.57
16.42
16.42
16.26
16.26
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.68
14.83
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
144
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/10/06 9:00
9/10/06 9:15
9/10/06 9:30
9/10/06 9:45
9/10/06 10:00
9/10/06 10:15
9/10/06 10:30
9/10/06 10:45
9/10/06 11:00
9/10/06 11:15
9/10/06 11:30
9/10/06 11:45
9/10/06 12:00
9/10/06 12:15
9/10/06 12:30
9/10/06 12:45
9/10/06 13:00
9/10/06 13:15
9/10/06 13:30
9/10/06 13:45
9/10/06 14:00
9/10/06 14:15
9/10/06 14:30
9/10/06 14:45
9/10/06 15:00
9/10/06 15:15
9/10/06 15:30
9/10/06 15:45
9/10/06 16:00
9/10/06 16:15
9/10/06 16:30
9/10/06 16:45
9/10/06 17:00
9/10/06 17:15
9/10/06 17:30
9/10/06 17:45
9/10/06 18:00
9/10/06 18:15
9/10/06 18:30
9/10/06 18:45
9/10/06 19:00
9/10/06 19:15
9/10/06 19:30
9/10/06 19:45
9/10/06 20:00
9/10/06 20:15
9/10/06 20:30
9/10/06 20:45
9/10/06 21:00
9/10/06 21:15
9/10/06 21:30
9/10/06 21:45
9/10/06 22:00
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
19.12
18.96
19.12
18.96
18.96
19.12
18.96
18.96
19.12
19.12
19.12
18.96
18.96
19.12
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.38
16.53
16.38
16.38
16.38
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.04
14.04
14.04
14.04
14.04
14.04
14.04
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.36
14.36
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.98
14.98
14.98
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
14.83
14.99
14.99
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.62
15.62
15.78
16.09
16.26
16.42
16.73
16.89
16.89
17.05
17.21
17.37
17.53
17.69
17.69
17.85
18.01
18.01
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.01
18.01
17.85
17.69
17.53
17.53
17.37
17.21
17.05
17.05
16.89
16.73
16.57
16.42
16.42
16.26
16.09
16.09
15.94
15.78
15.78
145
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/10/06 22:15
9/10/06 22:30
9/10/06 22:45
9/10/06 23:00
9/10/06 23:15
9/10/06 23:30
9/10/06 23:45
9/11/06 0:00
9/11/06 0:15
9/11/06 0:30
9/11/06 0:45
9/11/06 1:00
9/11/06 1:15
9/11/06 1:30
9/11/06 1:45
9/11/06 2:00
9/11/06 2:15
9/11/06 2:30
9/11/06 2:45
9/11/06 3:00
9/11/06 3:15
9/11/06 3:30
9/11/06 3:45
9/11/06 4:00
9/11/06 4:15
9/11/06 4:30
9/11/06 4:45
9/11/06 5:00
9/11/06 5:15
9/11/06 5:30
9/11/06 5:45
9/11/06 6:00
9/11/06 6:15
9/11/06 6:30
9/11/06 6:45
9/11/06 7:00
9/11/06 7:15
9/11/06 7:30
9/11/06 7:45
9/11/06 8:00
9/11/06 8:15
9/11/06 8:30
9/11/06 8:45
9/11/06 9:00
9/11/06 9:15
9/11/06 9:30
9/11/06 9:45
9/11/06 10:00
9/11/06 10:15
9/11/06 10:30
9/11/06 10:45
9/11/06 11:00
9/11/06 11:15
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.53
16.38
16.38
16.53
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.53
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.46
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.04
14.04
14.04
14.04
13.89
13.89
13.89
13.89
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.74
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.83
14.83
14.99
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.62
15.78
15.94
146
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/11/06 11:30
9/11/06 11:45
9/11/06 12:00
9/11/06 12:15
9/11/06 12:30
9/11/06 12:45
9/11/06 13:00
9/11/06 13:15
9/11/06 13:30
9/11/06 13:45
9/11/06 14:00
9/11/06 14:15
9/11/06 14:30
9/11/06 14:45
9/11/06 15:00
9/11/06 15:15
9/11/06 15:30
9/11/06 15:45
9/11/06 16:00
9/11/06 16:15
9/11/06 16:30
9/11/06 16:45
9/11/06 17:00
9/11/06 17:15
9/11/06 17:30
9/11/06 17:45
9/11/06 18:00
9/11/06 18:15
9/11/06 18:30
9/11/06 18:45
9/11/06 19:00
9/11/06 19:15
9/11/06 19:30
9/11/06 19:45
9/11/06 20:00
9/11/06 20:15
9/11/06 20:30
9/11/06 20:45
9/11/06 21:00
9/11/06 21:15
9/11/06 21:30
9/11/06 21:45
9/11/06 22:00
9/11/06 22:15
9/11/06 22:30
9/11/06 22:45
9/11/06 23:00
9/11/06 23:15
9/11/06 23:30
9/11/06 23:45
9/12/06 0:00
9/12/06 0:15
9/12/06 0:30
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.22
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
15.76
15.76
15.91
15.91
15.91
15.91
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.07
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.74
13.89
13.89
13.89
14.04
14.04
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.36
14.36
14.36
14.51
14.51
14.51
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
16.09
16.26
16.57
16.73
16.89
16.89
17.05
17.21
17.37
17.53
17.53
17.69
17.85
17.85
18.01
18.01
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.01
17.85
17.85
17.69
17.69
17.53
17.37
17.21
17.21
17.05
16.89
16.73
16.73
16.57
16.42
16.26
16.26
16.09
15.94
15.94
15.78
15.62
15.62
15.46
15.46
15.31
15.31
15.31
15.14
15.14
15.14
147
Table I.4: 2006 Temperature survey for Feldheimer bar (RKM 30)
Date/Time
9/12/06 0:45
9/12/06 1:00
9/12/06 1:15
9/12/06 1:30
9/12/06 1:45
9/12/06 2:00
9/12/06 2:15
9/12/06 2:30
9/12/06 2:45
9/12/06 3:00
9/12/06 3:15
9/12/06 3:30
9/12/06 3:45
9/12/06 4:00
9/12/06 4:15
9/12/06 4:30
9/12/06 4:45
9/12/06 5:00
9/12/06 5:15
9/12/06 5:30
9/12/06 5:45
9/12/06 6:00
Temperature (°C)
Well 1
Well 3
Well 4
Pool 1
Pool 3
Pool Tail
HF into
mainstem
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.96
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.44
16.44
16.44
16.44
16.44
16.44
16.44
16.44
16.44
16.44
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.38
16.22
16.38
16.22
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.54
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.23
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
15.14
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.98
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.67
14.51
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.14
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.99
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.83
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
14.68
148
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/4/06 0:00
9/4/06 0:15
9/4/06 0:30
9/4/06 0:45
9/4/06 1:00
9/4/06 1:15
9/4/06 1:30
9/4/06 1:45
9/4/06 2:00
9/4/06 2:15
9/4/06 2:30
9/4/06 2:45
9/4/06 3:00
9/4/06 3:15
9/4/06 3:30
9/4/06 3:45
9/4/06 4:00
9/4/06 4:15
9/4/06 4:30
9/4/06 4:45
9/4/06 5:00
9/4/06 5:15
9/4/06 5:30
9/4/06 5:45
9/4/06 6:00
9/4/06 6:15
9/4/06 6:30
9/4/06 6:45
9/4/06 7:00
9/4/06 7:15
9/4/06 7:30
9/4/06 7:45
9/4/06 8:00
9/4/06 8:15
9/4/06 8:30
9/4/06 8:45
9/4/06 9:00
9/4/06 9:15
9/4/06 9:30
9/4/06 9:45
9/4/06 10:00
9/4/06 10:15
9/4/06 10:30
9/4/06 10:45
9/4/06 11:00
9/4/06 11:15
9/4/06 11:30
9/4/06 11:45
9/4/06 12:00
9/4/06 12:15
9/4/06 12:30
9/4/06 12:45
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
16.00
16.00
15.84
15.84
15.84
15.68
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.37
15.53
15.68
15.84
16.16
16.32
16.47
16.63
16.79
16.95
17.11
17.43
17.58
17.74
17.91
18.07
18.23
18.39
17.16
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
17.76
17.76
17.59
17.59
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.27
17.11
17.11
16.96
16.96
16.96
16.79
16.79
16.79
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
15.85
16.01
16.01
16.97
16.97
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
149
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/4/06 13:00
9/4/06 13:15
9/4/06 13:30
9/4/06 13:45
9/4/06 14:00
9/4/06 14:15
9/4/06 14:30
9/4/06 14:45
9/4/06 15:00
9/4/06 15:15
9/4/06 15:30
9/4/06 15:45
9/4/06 16:00
9/4/06 16:15
9/4/06 16:30
9/4/06 16:45
9/4/06 17:00
9/4/06 17:15
9/4/06 17:30
9/4/06 17:45
9/4/06 18:00
9/4/06 18:15
9/4/06 18:30
9/4/06 18:45
9/4/06 19:00
9/4/06 19:15
9/4/06 19:30
9/4/06 19:45
9/4/06 20:00
9/4/06 20:15
9/4/06 20:30
9/4/06 20:45
9/4/06 21:00
9/4/06 21:15
9/4/06 21:30
9/4/06 21:45
9/4/06 22:00
9/4/06 22:15
9/4/06 22:30
9/4/06 22:45
9/4/06 23:00
9/4/06 23:15
9/4/06 23:30
9/4/06 23:45
9/5/06 0:00
9/5/06 0:15
9/5/06 0:30
9/5/06 0:45
9/5/06 1:00
9/5/06 1:15
9/5/06 1:30
9/5/06 1:45
9/5/06 2:00
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
18.55
18.71
18.87
19.03
19.03
19.19
19.19
19.36
19.36
19.36
19.36
19.36
19.36
19.36
19.36
19.19
19.19
19.03
18.87
18.87
18.71
18.55
18.55
18.39
18.23
18.07
18.07
17.91
17.74
17.58
17.58
17.43
17.27
17.11
16.95
16.79
16.79
16.63
16.47
16.47
16.32
16.16
16.00
16.00
15.84
15.84
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.37
15.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
16.84
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.41
17.41
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.32
16.32
16.48
16.48
16.64
16.64
16.79
16.79
16.96
17.11
17.11
17.27
17.27
17.43
17.43
17.59
17.59
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.11
17.11
16.66
16.66
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.97
16.97
16.97
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.29
17.29
17.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.26
150
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/5/06 2:15
9/5/06 2:30
9/5/06 2:45
9/5/06 3:00
9/5/06 3:15
9/5/06 3:30
9/5/06 3:45
9/5/06 4:00
9/5/06 4:15
9/5/06 4:30
9/5/06 4:45
9/5/06 5:00
9/5/06 5:15
9/5/06 5:30
9/5/06 5:45
9/5/06 6:00
9/5/06 6:15
9/5/06 6:30
9/5/06 6:45
9/5/06 7:00
9/5/06 7:15
9/5/06 7:30
9/5/06 7:45
9/5/06 8:00
9/5/06 8:15
9/5/06 8:30
9/5/06 8:45
9/5/06 9:00
9/5/06 9:15
9/5/06 9:30
9/5/06 9:45
9/5/06 10:00
9/5/06 10:15
9/5/06 10:30
9/5/06 10:45
9/5/06 11:00
9/5/06 11:15
9/5/06 11:30
9/5/06 11:45
9/5/06 12:00
9/5/06 12:15
9/5/06 12:30
9/5/06 12:45
9/5/06 13:00
9/5/06 13:15
9/5/06 13:30
9/5/06 13:45
9/5/06 14:00
9/5/06 14:15
9/5/06 14:30
9/5/06 14:45
9/5/06 15:00
9/5/06 15:15
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
15.37
15.37
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
15.05
15.05
15.37
15.53
15.68
15.84
15.84
16.16
16.32
16.47
16.63
16.79
17.11
17.27
17.43
17.74
17.74
18.07
18.23
18.39
18.55
18.55
18.71
18.87
19.03
19.19
19.19
19.19
19.36
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.37
16.37
17.24
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
17.11
16.96
16.96
16.79
16.79
16.79
16.79
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.16
16.16
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
151
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/5/06 15:30
9/5/06 15:45
9/5/06 16:00
9/5/06 16:15
9/5/06 16:30
9/5/06 16:45
9/5/06 17:00
9/5/06 17:15
9/5/06 17:30
9/5/06 17:45
9/5/06 18:00
9/5/06 18:15
9/5/06 18:30
9/5/06 18:45
9/5/06 19:00
9/5/06 19:15
9/5/06 19:30
9/5/06 19:45
9/5/06 20:00
9/5/06 20:15
9/5/06 20:30
9/5/06 20:45
9/5/06 21:00
9/5/06 21:15
9/5/06 21:30
9/5/06 21:45
9/5/06 22:00
9/5/06 22:15
9/5/06 22:30
9/5/06 22:45
9/5/06 23:00
9/5/06 23:15
9/5/06 23:30
9/5/06 23:45
9/6/06 0:00
9/6/06 0:15
9/6/06 0:30
9/6/06 0:45
9/6/06 1:00
9/6/06 1:15
9/6/06 1:30
9/6/06 1:45
9/6/06 2:00
9/6/06 2:15
9/6/06 2:30
9/6/06 2:45
9/6/06 3:00
9/6/06 3:15
9/6/06 3:30
9/6/06 3:45
9/6/06 4:00
9/6/06 4:15
9/6/06 4:30
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
19.36
19.36
19.36
19.36
19.36
19.19
19.19
19.03
19.03
18.87
18.71
18.55
18.55
18.39
18.39
18.23
18.07
18.07
17.91
17.74
17.58
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.11
16.95
16.95
16.79
16.63
16.47
16.47
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.00
16.00
15.84
15.84
15.68
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.21
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.32
16.32
16.48
16.48
16.64
16.64
16.79
16.96
16.96
17.11
17.11
17.27
17.43
17.43
17.59
17.59
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.59
17.59
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.11
17.11
17.11
16.96
16.96
16.79
16.79
16.79
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.09
17.09
17.09
152
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/6/06 4:45
9/6/06 5:00
9/6/06 5:15
9/6/06 5:30
9/6/06 5:45
9/6/06 6:00
9/6/06 6:15
9/6/06 6:30
9/6/06 6:45
9/6/06 7:00
9/6/06 7:15
9/6/06 7:30
9/6/06 7:45
9/6/06 8:00
9/6/06 8:15
9/6/06 8:30
9/6/06 8:45
9/6/06 9:00
9/6/06 9:15
9/6/06 9:30
9/6/06 9:45
9/6/06 10:00
9/6/06 10:15
9/6/06 10:30
9/6/06 10:45
9/6/06 11:00
9/6/06 11:15
9/6/06 11:30
9/6/06 11:45
9/6/06 12:00
9/6/06 12:15
9/6/06 12:30
9/6/06 12:45
9/6/06 13:00
9/6/06 13:15
9/6/06 13:30
9/6/06 13:45
9/6/06 14:00
9/6/06 14:15
9/6/06 14:30
9/6/06 14:45
9/6/06 15:00
9/6/06 15:15
9/6/06 15:30
9/6/06 15:45
9/6/06 16:00
9/6/06 16:15
9/6/06 16:30
9/6/06 16:45
9/6/06 17:00
9/6/06 17:15
9/6/06 17:30
9/6/06 17:45
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
15.21
15.21
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.21
15.53
15.68
15.84
16.00
16.16
16.47
16.63
16.79
16.95
17.11
17.27
17.43
17.74
17.91
18.07
18.23
18.39
18.55
18.71
18.87
19.03
19.19
19.36
19.36
19.52
19.52
19.52
19.52
19.52
19.68
19.68
19.52
19.52
19.52
19.36
19.19
19.03
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.37
16.21
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.68
16.68
16.93
16.93
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.64
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.16
16.16
16.32
16.32
16.48
16.48
16.64
16.64
16.79
16.79
16.96
17.11
17.11
17.27
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
153
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/6/06 18:00
9/6/06 18:15
9/6/06 18:30
9/6/06 18:45
9/6/06 19:00
9/6/06 19:15
9/6/06 19:30
9/6/06 19:45
9/6/06 20:00
9/6/06 20:15
9/6/06 20:30
9/6/06 20:45
9/6/06 21:00
9/6/06 21:15
9/6/06 21:30
9/6/06 21:45
9/6/06 22:00
9/6/06 22:15
9/6/06 22:30
9/6/06 22:45
9/6/06 23:00
9/6/06 23:15
9/6/06 23:30
9/6/06 23:45
9/7/06 0:00
9/7/06 0:15
9/7/06 0:30
9/7/06 0:45
9/7/06 1:00
9/7/06 1:15
9/7/06 1:30
9/7/06 1:45
9/7/06 2:00
9/7/06 2:15
9/7/06 2:30
9/7/06 2:45
9/7/06 3:00
9/7/06 3:15
9/7/06 3:30
9/7/06 3:45
9/7/06 4:00
9/7/06 4:15
9/7/06 4:30
9/7/06 4:45
9/7/06 5:00
9/7/06 5:15
9/7/06 5:30
9/7/06 5:45
9/7/06 6:00
9/7/06 6:15
9/7/06 6:30
9/7/06 6:45
9/7/06 7:00
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
18.87
18.71
18.55
18.55
18.39
18.39
18.23
18.07
17.91
17.74
17.58
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.11
16.95
16.79
16.63
16.63
16.47
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.00
15.84
15.84
15.84
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.73
16.68
16.68
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.61
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.93
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
17.27
17.43
17.59
17.59
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.92
17.92
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.11
17.11
16.96
16.96
16.96
16.79
16.79
16.79
16.79
16.64
16.64
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.16
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.29
17.13
17.13
17.13
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.26
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
154
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/7/06 7:15
9/7/06 7:30
9/7/06 7:45
9/7/06 8:00
9/7/06 8:15
9/7/06 8:30
9/7/06 8:45
9/7/06 9:00
9/7/06 9:15
9/7/06 9:30
9/7/06 9:45
9/7/06 10:00
9/7/06 10:15
9/7/06 10:30
9/7/06 10:45
9/7/06 11:00
9/7/06 11:15
9/7/06 11:30
9/7/06 11:45
9/7/06 12:00
9/7/06 12:15
9/7/06 12:30
9/7/06 12:45
9/7/06 13:00
9/7/06 13:15
9/7/06 13:30
9/7/06 13:45
9/7/06 14:00
9/7/06 14:15
9/7/06 14:30
9/7/06 14:45
9/7/06 15:00
9/7/06 15:15
9/7/06 15:30
9/7/06 15:45
9/7/06 16:00
9/7/06 16:15
9/7/06 16:30
9/7/06 16:45
9/7/06 17:00
9/7/06 17:15
9/7/06 17:30
9/7/06 17:45
9/7/06 18:00
9/7/06 18:15
9/7/06 18:30
9/7/06 18:45
9/7/06 19:00
9/7/06 19:15
9/7/06 19:30
9/7/06 19:45
9/7/06 20:00
9/7/06 20:15
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
14.73
14.73
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
15.05
15.21
15.37
15.37
15.53
15.53
15.84
16.16
16.47
16.63
16.95
17.11
17.27
17.58
17.74
17.91
18.07
18.23
18.39
18.55
18.71
18.87
18.87
19.03
19.03
19.19
19.19
19.19
19.19
19.19
19.19
19.19
19.19
19.03
19.03
18.87
18.71
18.55
18.39
18.39
18.23
18.23
18.07
18.07
17.91
17.74
17.58
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.77
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.93
16.93
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
16.01
16.01
16.16
16.16
16.32
16.32
16.48
16.48
16.64
16.79
16.79
16.96
17.11
17.11
17.27
17.27
17.43
17.43
17.59
17.59
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
155
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/7/06 20:30
9/7/06 20:45
9/7/06 21:00
9/7/06 21:15
9/7/06 21:30
9/7/06 21:45
9/7/06 22:00
9/7/06 22:15
9/7/06 22:30
9/7/06 22:45
9/7/06 23:00
9/7/06 23:15
9/7/06 23:30
9/7/06 23:45
9/8/06 0:00
9/8/06 0:15
9/8/06 0:30
9/8/06 0:45
9/8/06 1:00
9/8/06 1:15
9/8/06 1:30
9/8/06 1:45
9/8/06 2:00
9/8/06 2:15
9/8/06 2:30
9/8/06 2:45
9/8/06 3:00
9/8/06 3:15
9/8/06 3:30
9/8/06 3:45
9/8/06 4:00
9/8/06 4:15
9/8/06 4:30
9/8/06 4:45
9/8/06 5:00
9/8/06 5:15
9/8/06 5:30
9/8/06 5:45
9/8/06 6:00
9/8/06 6:15
9/8/06 6:30
9/8/06 6:45
9/8/06 7:00
9/8/06 7:15
9/8/06 7:30
9/8/06 7:45
9/8/06 8:00
9/8/06 8:15
9/8/06 8:30
9/8/06 8:45
9/8/06 9:00
9/8/06 9:15
9/8/06 9:30
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.11
16.95
16.79
16.63
16.63
16.47
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.00
15.84
15.84
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.21
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
15.05
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
15.05
15.05
15.21
15.21
15.21
16.84
16.84
16.84
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.21
16.21
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
17.76
17.76
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.59
17.59
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.11
17.11
16.96
16.96
16.96
16.79
16.79
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
15.85
15.85
16.34
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
17.13
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.46
16.46
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.46
16.46
156
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/8/06 9:45
9/8/06 10:00
9/8/06 10:15
9/8/06 10:30
9/8/06 10:45
9/8/06 11:00
9/8/06 11:15
9/8/06 11:30
9/8/06 11:45
9/8/06 12:00
9/8/06 12:15
9/8/06 12:30
9/8/06 12:45
9/8/06 13:00
9/8/06 13:15
9/8/06 13:30
9/8/06 13:45
9/8/06 14:00
9/8/06 14:15
9/8/06 14:30
9/8/06 14:45
9/8/06 15:00
9/8/06 15:15
9/8/06 15:30
9/8/06 15:45
9/8/06 16:00
9/8/06 16:15
9/8/06 16:30
9/8/06 16:45
9/8/06 17:00
9/8/06 17:15
9/8/06 17:30
9/8/06 17:45
9/8/06 18:00
9/8/06 18:15
9/8/06 18:30
9/8/06 18:45
9/8/06 19:00
9/8/06 19:15
9/8/06 19:30
9/8/06 19:45
9/8/06 20:00
9/8/06 20:15
9/8/06 20:30
9/8/06 20:45
9/8/06 21:00
9/8/06 21:15
9/8/06 21:30
9/8/06 21:45
9/8/06 22:00
9/8/06 22:15
9/8/06 22:30
9/8/06 22:45
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
15.37
15.37
15.53
16.00
16.32
16.47
16.79
16.95
17.11
17.27
17.58
17.74
17.91
18.07
18.23
18.23
18.39
18.55
18.55
18.71
18.71
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.71
18.71
18.55
18.39
18.23
18.07
18.07
18.07
17.91
17.74
17.74
17.58
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.11
16.95
16.79
16.79
16.63
16.47
16.32
16.32
16.16
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
17.09
17.09
17.09
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
16.01
16.01
16.16
16.16
16.32
16.48
16.48
16.64
16.64
16.79
16.96
16.96
17.11
17.11
17.27
17.27
17.43
17.43
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.59
17.59
17.59
16.81
16.81
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.66
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.62
16.62
157
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/8/06 23:00
9/8/06 23:15
9/8/06 23:30
9/8/06 23:45
9/9/06 0:00
9/9/06 0:15
9/9/06 0:30
9/9/06 0:45
9/9/06 1:00
9/9/06 1:15
9/9/06 1:30
9/9/06 1:45
9/9/06 2:00
9/9/06 2:15
9/9/06 2:30
9/9/06 2:45
9/9/06 3:00
9/9/06 3:15
9/9/06 3:30
9/9/06 3:45
9/9/06 4:00
9/9/06 4:15
9/9/06 4:30
9/9/06 4:45
9/9/06 5:00
9/9/06 5:15
9/9/06 5:30
9/9/06 5:45
9/9/06 6:00
9/9/06 6:15
9/9/06 6:30
9/9/06 6:45
9/9/06 7:00
9/9/06 7:15
9/9/06 7:30
9/9/06 7:45
9/9/06 8:00
9/9/06 8:15
9/9/06 8:30
9/9/06 8:45
9/9/06 9:00
9/9/06 9:15
9/9/06 9:30
9/9/06 9:45
9/9/06 10:00
9/9/06 10:15
9/9/06 10:30
9/9/06 10:45
9/9/06 11:00
9/9/06 11:15
9/9/06 11:30
9/9/06 11:45
9/9/06 12:00
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
16.00
16.00
15.84
15.84
15.84
15.84
15.84
15.68
15.68
15.68
15.68
15.68
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.68
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.68
15.68
15.68
16.00
16.16
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.47
16.63
16.32
16.47
16.95
17.27
17.43
16.95
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
17.09
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
17.59
17.59
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.27
17.11
17.11
16.96
16.96
16.96
16.79
16.79
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.01
16.01
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
158
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/9/06 12:15
9/9/06 12:30
9/9/06 12:45
9/9/06 13:00
9/9/06 13:15
9/9/06 13:30
9/9/06 13:45
9/9/06 14:00
9/9/06 14:15
9/9/06 14:30
9/9/06 14:45
9/9/06 15:00
9/9/06 15:15
9/9/06 15:30
9/9/06 15:45
9/9/06 16:00
9/9/06 16:15
9/9/06 16:30
9/9/06 16:45
9/9/06 17:00
9/9/06 17:15
9/9/06 17:30
9/9/06 17:45
9/9/06 18:00
9/9/06 18:15
9/9/06 18:30
9/9/06 18:45
9/9/06 19:00
9/9/06 19:15
9/9/06 19:30
9/9/06 19:45
9/9/06 20:00
9/9/06 20:15
9/9/06 20:30
9/9/06 20:45
9/9/06 21:00
9/9/06 21:15
9/9/06 21:30
9/9/06 21:45
9/9/06 22:00
9/9/06 22:15
9/9/06 22:30
9/9/06 22:45
9/9/06 23:00
9/9/06 23:15
9/9/06 23:30
9/9/06 23:45
9/10/06 0:00
9/10/06 0:15
9/10/06 0:30
9/10/06 0:45
9/10/06 1:00
9/10/06 1:15
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
16.95
17.11
17.27
17.91
18.07
17.58
17.74
17.74
18.55
18.23
18.55
18.39
18.55
18.55
18.39
18.55
18.55
18.39
18.39
18.23
17.91
17.91
17.74
17.74
17.58
17.58
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.11
16.95
16.95
16.79
16.63
16.63
16.47
16.47
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.00
15.84
15.84
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.37
15.37
15.21
15.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.84
16.84
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.79
16.79
16.79
16.96
16.96
17.11
17.11
17.11
17.27
17.27
17.27
17.27
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.27
17.27
17.27
17.11
17.11
17.11
17.11
16.96
16.96
16.79
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
159
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/10/06 1:30
9/10/06 1:45
9/10/06 2:00
9/10/06 2:15
9/10/06 2:30
9/10/06 2:45
9/10/06 3:00
9/10/06 3:15
9/10/06 3:30
9/10/06 3:45
9/10/06 4:00
9/10/06 4:15
9/10/06 4:30
9/10/06 4:45
9/10/06 5:00
9/10/06 5:15
9/10/06 5:30
9/10/06 5:45
9/10/06 6:00
9/10/06 6:15
9/10/06 6:30
9/10/06 6:45
9/10/06 7:00
9/10/06 7:15
9/10/06 7:30
9/10/06 7:45
9/10/06 8:00
9/10/06 8:15
9/10/06 8:30
9/10/06 8:45
9/10/06 9:00
9/10/06 9:15
9/10/06 9:30
9/10/06 9:45
9/10/06 10:00
9/10/06 10:15
9/10/06 10:30
9/10/06 10:45
9/10/06 11:00
9/10/06 11:15
9/10/06 11:30
9/10/06 11:45
9/10/06 12:00
9/10/06 12:15
9/10/06 12:30
9/10/06 12:45
9/10/06 13:00
9/10/06 13:15
9/10/06 13:30
9/10/06 13:45
9/10/06 14:00
9/10/06 14:15
9/10/06 14:30
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
15.21
15.05
15.05
15.05
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.42
14.42
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.73
15.05
15.21
15.37
15.68
15.84
16.00
16.16
16.32
16.47
16.63
16.95
17.11
17.27
17.43
17.58
17.74
17.91
18.07
18.23
18.39
18.39
18.55
18.55
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
16.93
16.93
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
16.79
16.79
16.64
16.64
16.64
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.37
15.37
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.69
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.97
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
160
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/10/06 14:45
9/10/06 15:00
9/10/06 15:15
9/10/06 15:30
9/10/06 15:45
9/10/06 16:00
9/10/06 16:15
9/10/06 16:30
9/10/06 16:45
9/10/06 17:00
9/10/06 17:15
9/10/06 17:30
9/10/06 17:45
9/10/06 18:00
9/10/06 18:15
9/10/06 18:30
9/10/06 18:45
9/10/06 19:00
9/10/06 19:15
9/10/06 19:30
9/10/06 19:45
9/10/06 20:00
9/10/06 20:15
9/10/06 20:30
9/10/06 20:45
9/10/06 21:00
9/10/06 21:15
9/10/06 21:30
9/10/06 21:45
9/10/06 22:00
9/10/06 22:15
9/10/06 22:30
9/10/06 22:45
9/10/06 23:00
9/10/06 23:15
9/10/06 23:30
9/10/06 23:45
9/11/06 0:00
9/11/06 0:15
9/11/06 0:30
9/11/06 0:45
9/11/06 1:00
9/11/06 1:15
9/11/06 1:30
9/11/06 1:45
9/11/06 2:00
9/11/06 2:15
9/11/06 2:30
9/11/06 2:45
9/11/06 3:00
9/11/06 3:15
9/11/06 3:30
9/11/06 3:45
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
18.71
18.71
18.71
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.71
18.71
18.71
18.55
18.55
18.39
18.23
18.07
17.91
17.91
17.74
17.74
17.58
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.11
16.95
16.79
16.63
16.63
16.47
16.32
16.16
16.00
16.00
15.84
15.68
15.68
15.53
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.21
15.21
15.05
15.05
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.89
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.73
14.58
14.58
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.93
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
15.69
15.85
15.85
16.01
16.01
16.16
16.16
16.32
16.48
16.48
16.64
16.64
16.79
16.96
16.96
17.11
17.11
17.27
17.27
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.59
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.27
17.11
17.11
16.96
16.96
16.96
16.79
16.79
16.64
16.64
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.32
16.32
16.32
16.18
16.18
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
16.14
15.98
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
16.78
161
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/11/06 4:00
9/11/06 4:15
9/11/06 4:30
9/11/06 4:45
9/11/06 5:00
9/11/06 5:15
9/11/06 5:30
9/11/06 5:45
9/11/06 6:00
9/11/06 6:15
9/11/06 6:30
9/11/06 6:45
9/11/06 7:00
9/11/06 7:15
9/11/06 7:30
9/11/06 7:45
9/11/06 8:00
9/11/06 8:15
9/11/06 8:30
9/11/06 8:45
9/11/06 9:00
9/11/06 9:15
9/11/06 9:30
9/11/06 9:45
9/11/06 10:00
9/11/06 10:15
9/11/06 10:30
9/11/06 10:45
9/11/06 11:00
9/11/06 11:15
9/11/06 11:30
9/11/06 11:45
9/11/06 12:00
9/11/06 12:15
9/11/06 12:30
9/11/06 12:45
9/11/06 13:00
9/11/06 13:15
9/11/06 13:30
9/11/06 13:45
9/11/06 14:00
9/11/06 14:15
9/11/06 14:30
9/11/06 14:45
9/11/06 15:00
9/11/06 15:15
9/11/06 15:30
9/11/06 15:45
9/11/06 16:00
9/11/06 16:15
9/11/06 16:30
9/11/06 16:45
9/11/06 17:00
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.58
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.42
14.58
14.89
15.05
15.21
15.37
15.68
15.68
15.84
16.16
16.32
16.47
16.79
16.79
17.11
17.27
17.58
17.58
17.74
17.91
18.23
18.39
18.39
18.55
18.55
18.71
18.71
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.87
18.71
18.71
18.71
16.37
16.37
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.73
15.73
15.73
15.73
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
15.89
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.05
16.61
16.61
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
16.16
16.16
16.16
16.01
16.01
16.01
16.01
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.85
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.69
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.53
15.53
15.53
15.69
15.69
15.85
15.85
16.01
16.01
16.16
16.32
16.32
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.81
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.66
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.49
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
16.78
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.62
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
15.82
162
Table I.5: 2006 Temperature survey for Eagle Creek bar (RKM 26)
Date/Time
9/11/06 17:15
9/11/06 17:30
9/11/06 17:45
9/11/06 18:00
9/11/06 18:15
9/11/06 18:30
9/11/06 18:45
9/11/06 19:00
9/11/06 19:15
9/11/06 19:30
9/11/06 19:45
9/11/06 20:00
9/11/06 20:15
9/11/06 20:30
9/11/06 20:45
9/11/06 21:00
9/11/06 21:15
9/11/06 21:30
9/11/06 21:45
9/11/06 22:00
9/11/06 22:15
9/11/06 22:30
9/11/06 22:45
9/11/06 23:00
9/11/06 23:15
9/11/06 23:30
9/11/06 23:45
Temperature (°C)
Bar
Head
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
HF channel
HF into mainstem
18.55
18.39
18.23
18.07
18.07
17.91
17.91
17.74
17.74
17.58
17.43
17.27
17.27
17.11
16.95
16.79
16.63
16.63
16.47
16.32
16.16
16.00
16.00
15.84
15.68
15.68
15.53
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.21
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.37
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.46
16.46
16.46
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.61
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.77
16.48
16.64
16.64
16.79
16.79
16.96
17.11
17.11
17.11
17.27
17.27
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.43
17.27
17.27
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.02
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.18
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.34
16.49
16.49
15.82
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
15.98
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.14
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
16.29
163
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/13/06 0:00
9/13/06 0:15
9/13/06 0:30
9/13/06 0:45
9/13/06 1:00
9/13/06 1:15
9/13/06 1:30
9/13/06 1:45
9/13/06 2:00
9/13/06 2:15
9/13/06 2:30
9/13/06 2:45
9/13/06 3:00
9/13/06 3:15
9/13/06 3:30
9/13/06 3:45
9/13/06 4:00
9/13/06 4:15
9/13/06 4:30
9/13/06 4:45
9/13/06 5:00
9/13/06 5:15
9/13/06 5:30
9/13/06 5:45
9/13/06 6:00
9/13/06 6:15
9/13/06 6:30
9/13/06 6:45
9/13/06 7:00
9/13/06 7:15
9/13/06 7:30
9/13/06 7:45
9/13/06 8:00
9/13/06 8:15
9/13/06 8:30
9/13/06 8:45
9/13/06 9:00
9/13/06 9:15
9/13/06 9:30
9/13/06 9:45
9/13/06 10:00
9/13/06 10:15
9/13/06 10:30
9/13/06 10:45
9/13/06 11:00
9/13/06 11:15
9/13/06 11:30
9/13/06 11:45
9/13/06 12:00
9/13/06 12:15
9/13/06 12:30
9/13/06 12:45
9/13/06 13:00
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
16.71
16.55
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.07
15.92
15.76
15.76
15.6
15.6
15.44
15.44
15.28
15.28
15.13
15.13
14.97
14.97
14.97
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.65
14.65
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.97
15.13
15.28
15.76
15.92
15.92
15.92
16.39
16.23
16.71
16.87
17.02
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.66
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
HF
HF Pool
18.04
18.04
18.04
18.04
17.88
18.04
18.04
17.88
18.04
18.04
17.88
18.04
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.96
17.96
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.64
17.8
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
164
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/13/06 13:15
9/13/06 13:30
9/13/06 13:45
9/13/06 14:00
9/13/06 14:15
9/13/06 14:30
9/13/06 14:45
9/13/06 15:00
9/13/06 15:15
9/13/06 15:30
9/13/06 15:45
9/13/06 16:00
9/13/06 16:15
9/13/06 16:30
9/13/06 16:45
9/13/06 17:00
9/13/06 17:15
9/13/06 17:30
9/13/06 17:45
9/13/06 18:00
9/13/06 18:15
9/13/06 18:30
9/13/06 18:45
9/13/06 19:00
9/13/06 19:15
9/13/06 19:30
9/13/06 19:45
9/13/06 20:00
9/13/06 20:15
9/13/06 20:30
9/13/06 20:45
9/13/06 21:00
9/13/06 21:15
9/13/06 21:30
9/13/06 21:45
9/13/06 22:00
9/13/06 22:15
9/13/06 22:30
9/13/06 22:45
9/13/06 23:00
9/13/06 23:15
9/13/06 23:30
9/13/06 23:45
9/14/06 0:00
9/14/06 0:15
9/14/06 0:30
9/14/06 0:45
9/14/06 1:00
9/14/06 1:15
9/14/06 1:30
9/14/06 1:45
9/14/06 2:00
9/14/06 2:15
9/14/06 2:30
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
17.18
17.34
17.51
17.51
17.67
17.83
17.99
18.15
18.47
18.15
17.99
17.99
17.99
17.83
17.83
17.67
17.67
17.67
17.51
17.51
17.51
17.34
17.18
17.18
17.18
17.02
17.02
17.02
16.87
16.87
16.71
16.71
16.55
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.07
16.07
15.92
15.76
15.76
15.6
15.6
15.44
15.44
15.44
15.28
15.28
15.13
15.13
15.13
14.97
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
HF
HF Pool
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
165
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/14/06 2:45
9/14/06 3:00
9/14/06 3:15
9/14/06 3:30
9/14/06 3:45
9/14/06 4:00
9/14/06 4:15
9/14/06 4:30
9/14/06 4:45
9/14/06 5:00
9/14/06 5:15
9/14/06 5:30
9/14/06 5:45
9/14/06 6:00
9/14/06 6:15
9/14/06 6:30
9/14/06 6:45
9/14/06 7:00
9/14/06 7:15
9/14/06 7:30
9/14/06 7:45
9/14/06 8:00
9/14/06 8:15
9/14/06 8:30
9/14/06 8:45
9/14/06 9:00
9/14/06 9:15
9/14/06 9:30
9/14/06 9:45
9/14/06 10:00
9/14/06 10:15
9/14/06 10:30
9/14/06 10:45
9/14/06 11:00
9/14/06 11:15
9/14/06 11:30
9/14/06 11:45
9/14/06 12:00
9/14/06 12:15
9/14/06 12:30
9/14/06 12:45
9/14/06 13:00
9/14/06 13:15
9/14/06 13:30
9/14/06 13:45
9/14/06 14:00
9/14/06 14:15
9/14/06 14:30
9/14/06 14:45
9/14/06 15:00
9/14/06 15:15
9/14/06 15:30
9/14/06 15:45
9/14/06 16:00
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
14.97
14.97
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.65
14.65
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.97
14.97
14.97
15.28
15.28
15.13
15.13
15.13
15.13
15.28
15.28
15.44
15.44
15.6
15.76
15.6
15.6
15.44
15.44
15.44
15.44
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.05
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.56
18.72
18.56
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.56
18.56
18.72
18.56
18.56
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
17.96
17.96
18.12
18.12
17.96
17.96
17.96
18.12
18.12
18.12
18.12
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
HF
HF Pool
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.96
17.96
166
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/14/06 16:15
9/14/06 16:30
9/14/06 16:45
9/14/06 17:00
9/14/06 17:15
9/14/06 17:30
9/14/06 17:45
9/14/06 18:00
9/14/06 18:15
9/14/06 18:30
9/14/06 18:45
9/14/06 19:00
9/14/06 19:15
9/14/06 19:30
9/14/06 19:45
9/14/06 20:00
9/14/06 20:15
9/14/06 20:30
9/14/06 20:45
9/14/06 21:00
9/14/06 21:15
9/14/06 21:30
9/14/06 21:45
9/14/06 22:00
9/14/06 22:15
9/14/06 22:30
9/14/06 22:45
9/14/06 23:00
9/14/06 23:15
9/14/06 23:30
9/14/06 23:45
9/15/06 0:00
9/15/06 0:15
9/15/06 0:30
9/15/06 0:45
9/15/06 1:00
9/15/06 1:15
9/15/06 1:30
9/15/06 1:45
9/15/06 2:00
9/15/06 2:15
9/15/06 2:30
9/15/06 2:45
9/15/06 3:00
9/15/06 3:15
9/15/06 3:30
9/15/06 3:45
9/15/06 4:00
9/15/06 4:15
9/15/06 4:30
9/15/06 4:45
9/15/06 5:00
9/15/06 5:15
9/15/06 5:30
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
15.6
15.6
15.44
15.6
15.44
15.6
15.44
15.44
15.44
15.44
15.44
15.44
15.28
14.97
15.13
14.97
14.97
14.97
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.34
14.34
14.34
14.34
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
18.05
17.89
18.05
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
18.05
17.89
18.05
18.05
17.89
17.89
18.05
18.05
17.89
18.05
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.72
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
HF
HF Pool
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.32
17.32
167
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/15/06 5:45
9/15/06 6:00
9/15/06 6:15
9/15/06 6:30
9/15/06 6:45
9/15/06 7:00
9/15/06 7:15
9/15/06 7:30
9/15/06 7:45
9/15/06 8:00
9/15/06 8:15
9/15/06 8:30
9/15/06 8:45
9/15/06 9:00
9/15/06 9:15
9/15/06 9:30
9/15/06 9:45
9/15/06 10:00
9/15/06 10:15
9/15/06 10:30
9/15/06 10:45
9/15/06 11:00
9/15/06 11:15
9/15/06 11:30
9/15/06 11:45
9/15/06 12:00
9/15/06 12:15
9/15/06 12:30
9/15/06 12:45
9/15/06 13:00
9/15/06 13:15
9/15/06 13:30
9/15/06 13:45
9/15/06 14:00
9/15/06 14:15
9/15/06 14:30
9/15/06 14:45
9/15/06 15:00
9/15/06 15:15
9/15/06 15:30
9/15/06 15:45
9/15/06 16:00
9/15/06 16:15
9/15/06 16:30
9/15/06 16:45
9/15/06 17:00
9/15/06 17:15
9/15/06 17:30
9/15/06 17:45
9/15/06 18:00
9/15/06 18:15
9/15/06 18:30
9/15/06 18:45
9/15/06 19:00
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.18
14.18
14.49
14.34
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.65
14.97
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.97
14.97
15.13
15.13
15.28
15.44
15.44
15.6
16.07
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.92
16.23
16.23
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.23
16.07
16.07
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
18.49
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.96
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.96
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
HF
HF Pool
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.88
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
168
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/15/06 19:15
9/15/06 19:30
9/15/06 19:45
9/15/06 20:00
9/15/06 20:15
9/15/06 20:30
9/15/06 20:45
9/15/06 21:00
9/15/06 21:15
9/15/06 21:30
9/15/06 21:45
9/15/06 22:00
9/15/06 22:15
9/15/06 22:30
9/15/06 22:45
9/15/06 23:00
9/15/06 23:15
9/15/06 23:30
9/15/06 23:45
9/16/06 0:00
9/16/06 0:15
9/16/06 0:30
9/16/06 0:45
9/16/06 1:00
9/16/06 1:15
9/16/06 1:30
9/16/06 1:45
9/16/06 2:00
9/16/06 2:15
9/16/06 2:30
9/16/06 2:45
9/16/06 3:00
9/16/06 3:15
9/16/06 3:30
9/16/06 3:45
9/16/06 4:00
9/16/06 4:15
9/16/06 4:30
9/16/06 4:45
9/16/06 5:00
9/16/06 5:15
9/16/06 5:30
9/16/06 5:45
9/16/06 6:00
9/16/06 6:15
9/16/06 6:30
9/16/06 6:45
9/16/06 7:00
9/16/06 7:15
9/16/06 7:30
9/16/06 7:45
9/16/06 8:00
9/16/06 8:15
9/16/06 8:30
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
16.07
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.6
15.6
15.44
15.44
15.28
15.28
15.28
15.13
15.13
14.97
14.97
14.81
14.81
14.81
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.49
14.49
14.34
14.34
14.34
14.34
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
18.49
18.49
18.33
18.49
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
HF
HF Pool
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
169
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/16/06 8:45
9/16/06 9:00
9/16/06 9:15
9/16/06 9:30
9/16/06 9:45
9/16/06 10:00
9/16/06 10:15
9/16/06 10:30
9/16/06 10:45
9/16/06 11:00
9/16/06 11:15
9/16/06 11:30
9/16/06 11:45
9/16/06 12:00
9/16/06 12:15
9/16/06 12:30
9/16/06 12:45
9/16/06 13:00
9/16/06 13:15
9/16/06 13:30
9/16/06 13:45
9/16/06 14:00
9/16/06 14:15
9/16/06 14:30
9/16/06 14:45
9/16/06 15:00
9/16/06 15:15
9/16/06 15:30
9/16/06 15:45
9/16/06 16:00
9/16/06 16:15
9/16/06 16:30
9/16/06 16:45
9/16/06 17:00
9/16/06 17:15
9/16/06 17:30
9/16/06 17:45
9/16/06 18:00
9/16/06 18:15
9/16/06 18:30
9/16/06 18:45
9/16/06 19:00
9/16/06 19:15
9/16/06 19:30
9/16/06 19:45
9/16/06 20:00
9/16/06 20:15
9/16/06 20:30
9/16/06 20:45
9/16/06 21:00
9/16/06 21:15
9/16/06 21:30
9/16/06 21:45
9/16/06 22:00
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
13.87
13.87
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.18
14.34
14.49
14.34
14.65
14.49
14.65
14.65
14.81
15.13
15.13
15.28
15.28
15.6
15.76
15.76
15.92
15.92
16.07
16.07
16.23
16.55
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.55
16.39
16.55
16.55
16.55
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.23
16.23
16.07
16.07
15.92
15.92
15.76
15.76
15.6
15.6
15.44
15.28
15.28
15.13
15.13
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.89
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.89
17.73
17.89
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.56
18.4
18.56
18.4
18.4
18.56
18.56
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.57
17.57
17.73
17.73
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
HF
HF Pool
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.72
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.48
17.48
170
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/16/06 22:15
9/16/06 22:30
9/16/06 22:45
9/16/06 23:00
9/16/06 23:15
9/16/06 23:30
9/16/06 23:45
9/17/06 0:00
9/17/06 0:15
9/17/06 0:30
9/17/06 0:45
9/17/06 1:00
9/17/06 1:15
9/17/06 1:30
9/17/06 1:45
9/17/06 2:00
9/17/06 2:15
9/17/06 2:30
9/17/06 2:45
9/17/06 3:00
9/17/06 3:15
9/17/06 3:30
9/17/06 3:45
9/17/06 4:00
9/17/06 4:15
9/17/06 4:30
9/17/06 4:45
9/17/06 5:00
9/17/06 5:15
9/17/06 5:30
9/17/06 5:45
9/17/06 6:00
9/17/06 6:15
9/17/06 6:30
9/17/06 6:45
9/17/06 7:00
9/17/06 7:15
9/17/06 7:30
9/17/06 7:45
9/17/06 8:00
9/17/06 8:15
9/17/06 8:30
9/17/06 8:45
9/17/06 9:00
9/17/06 9:15
9/17/06 9:30
9/17/06 9:45
9/17/06 10:00
9/17/06 10:15
9/17/06 10:30
9/17/06 10:45
9/17/06 11:00
9/17/06 11:15
9/17/06 11:30
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
14.97
14.97
14.81
14.81
14.65
14.65
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.34
14.34
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.87
13.87
13.87
14.03
14.03
14.18
14.18
14.34
14.49
14.65
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
18.33
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.79
17.63
17.79
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
HF
HF Pool
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.56
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.32
17.32
171
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/17/06 11:45
9/17/06 12:00
9/17/06 12:15
9/17/06 12:30
9/17/06 12:45
9/17/06 13:00
9/17/06 13:15
9/17/06 13:30
9/17/06 13:45
9/17/06 14:00
9/17/06 14:15
9/17/06 14:30
9/17/06 14:45
9/17/06 15:00
9/17/06 15:15
9/17/06 15:30
9/17/06 15:45
9/17/06 16:00
9/17/06 16:15
9/17/06 16:30
9/17/06 16:45
9/17/06 17:00
9/17/06 17:15
9/17/06 17:30
9/17/06 17:45
9/17/06 18:00
9/17/06 18:15
9/17/06 18:30
9/17/06 18:45
9/17/06 19:00
9/17/06 19:15
9/17/06 19:30
9/17/06 19:45
9/17/06 20:00
9/17/06 20:15
9/17/06 20:30
9/17/06 20:45
9/17/06 21:00
9/17/06 21:15
9/17/06 21:30
9/17/06 21:45
9/17/06 22:00
9/17/06 22:15
9/17/06 22:30
9/17/06 22:45
9/17/06 23:00
9/17/06 23:15
9/17/06 23:30
9/17/06 23:45
9/18/06 0:00
9/18/06 0:15
9/18/06 0:30
9/18/06 0:45
9/18/06 1:00
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
14.97
14.97
15.13
15.28
15.44
15.6
15.76
15.92
16.07
16.07
16.23
16.39
16.39
16.55
16.55
16.55
16.55
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.87
16.87
16.87
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.71
16.55
16.55
16.39
16.39
16.39
16.23
16.07
16.07
15.92
15.92
15.76
15.76
15.6
15.44
15.44
15.28
15.28
15.13
15.13
14.97
14.97
14.81
14.81
14.65
14.65
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
HF
HF Pool
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.64
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.32
17.48
17.48
17.32
172
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/18/06 1:15
9/18/06 1:30
9/18/06 1:45
9/18/06 2:00
9/18/06 2:15
9/18/06 2:30
9/18/06 2:45
9/18/06 3:00
9/18/06 3:15
9/18/06 3:30
9/18/06 3:45
9/18/06 4:00
9/18/06 4:15
9/18/06 4:30
9/18/06 4:45
9/18/06 5:00
9/18/06 5:15
9/18/06 5:30
9/18/06 5:45
9/18/06 6:00
9/18/06 6:15
9/18/06 6:30
9/18/06 6:45
9/18/06 7:00
9/18/06 7:15
9/18/06 7:30
9/18/06 7:45
9/18/06 8:00
9/18/06 8:15
9/18/06 8:30
9/18/06 8:45
9/18/06 9:00
9/18/06 9:15
9/18/06 9:30
9/18/06 9:45
9/18/06 10:00
9/18/06 10:15
9/18/06 10:30
9/18/06 10:45
9/18/06 11:00
9/18/06 11:15
9/18/06 11:30
9/18/06 11:45
9/18/06 12:00
9/18/06 12:15
9/18/06 12:30
9/18/06 12:45
9/18/06 13:00
9/18/06 13:15
9/18/06 13:30
9/18/06 13:45
9/18/06 14:00
9/18/06 14:15
9/18/06 14:30
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.34
14.34
14.34
14.34
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.34
14.34
14.34
14.49
14.49
14.65
14.97
15.13
15.28
15.44
15.28
15.28
15.44
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.57
17.57
17.73
17.73
17.73
17.57
17.73
17.57
17.57
17.73
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.73
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.24
18.4
18.24
18.4
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.47
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.63
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
HF
HF Pool
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
173
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/18/06 14:45
9/18/06 15:00
9/18/06 15:15
9/18/06 15:30
9/18/06 15:45
9/18/06 16:00
9/18/06 16:15
9/18/06 16:30
9/18/06 16:45
9/18/06 17:00
9/18/06 17:15
9/18/06 17:30
9/18/06 17:45
9/18/06 18:00
9/18/06 18:15
9/18/06 18:30
9/18/06 18:45
9/18/06 19:00
9/18/06 19:15
9/18/06 19:30
9/18/06 19:45
9/18/06 20:00
9/18/06 20:15
9/18/06 20:30
9/18/06 20:45
9/18/06 21:00
9/18/06 21:15
9/18/06 21:30
9/18/06 21:45
9/18/06 22:00
9/18/06 22:15
9/18/06 22:30
9/18/06 22:45
9/18/06 23:00
9/18/06 23:15
9/18/06 23:30
9/18/06 23:45
9/19/06 0:00
9/19/06 0:15
9/19/06 0:30
9/19/06 0:45
9/19/06 1:00
9/19/06 1:15
9/19/06 1:30
9/19/06 1:45
9/19/06 2:00
9/19/06 2:15
9/19/06 2:30
9/19/06 2:45
9/19/06 3:00
9/19/06 3:15
9/19/06 3:30
9/19/06 3:45
9/19/06 4:00
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
15.44
15.6
15.6
15.76
15.76
15.6
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.76
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.44
15.44
15.44
15.28
15.28
15.13
15.13
14.97
14.97
14.97
14.81
14.81
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.34
14.34
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.03
14.03
14.03
14.03
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.08
18.24
18.24
18.24
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.24
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
HF
HF Pool
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.48
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
174
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/19/06 4:15
9/19/06 4:30
9/19/06 4:45
9/19/06 5:00
9/19/06 5:15
9/19/06 5:30
9/19/06 5:45
9/19/06 6:00
9/19/06 6:15
9/19/06 6:30
9/19/06 6:45
9/19/06 7:00
9/19/06 7:15
9/19/06 7:30
9/19/06 7:45
9/19/06 8:00
9/19/06 8:15
9/19/06 8:30
9/19/06 8:45
9/19/06 9:00
9/19/06 9:15
9/19/06 9:30
9/19/06 9:45
9/19/06 10:00
9/19/06 10:15
9/19/06 10:30
9/19/06 10:45
9/19/06 11:00
9/19/06 11:15
9/19/06 11:30
9/19/06 11:45
9/19/06 12:00
9/19/06 12:15
9/19/06 12:30
9/19/06 12:45
9/19/06 13:00
9/19/06 13:15
9/19/06 13:30
9/19/06 13:45
9/19/06 14:00
9/19/06 14:15
9/19/06 14:30
9/19/06 14:45
9/19/06 15:00
9/19/06 15:15
9/19/06 15:30
9/19/06 15:45
9/19/06 16:00
9/19/06 16:15
9/19/06 16:30
9/19/06 16:45
9/19/06 17:00
9/19/06 17:15
9/19/06 17:30
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.72
13.87
13.87
13.87
13.87
14.03
14.18
14.18
14.49
14.34
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.49
14.65
14.81
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.81
14.97
15.13
15.13
15.13
15.13
15.28
15.28
15.44
15.44
15.44
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.01
18.17
18.01
18.01
18.17
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.17
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.47
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.41
17.57
HF
HF Pool
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.08
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.24
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
17.32
175
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/19/06 17:45
9/19/06 18:00
9/19/06 18:15
9/19/06 18:30
9/19/06 18:45
9/19/06 19:00
9/19/06 19:15
9/19/06 19:30
9/19/06 19:45
9/19/06 20:00
9/19/06 20:15
9/19/06 20:30
9/19/06 20:45
9/19/06 21:00
9/19/06 21:15
9/19/06 21:30
9/19/06 21:45
9/19/06 22:00
9/19/06 22:15
9/19/06 22:30
9/19/06 22:45
9/19/06 23:00
9/19/06 23:15
9/19/06 23:30
9/19/06 23:45
9/20/06 0:00
9/20/06 0:15
9/20/06 0:30
9/20/06 0:45
9/20/06 1:00
9/20/06 1:15
9/20/06 1:30
9/20/06 1:45
9/20/06 2:00
9/20/06 2:15
9/20/06 2:30
9/20/06 2:45
9/20/06 3:00
9/20/06 3:15
9/20/06 3:30
9/20/06 3:45
9/20/06 4:00
9/20/06 4:15
9/20/06 4:30
9/20/06 4:45
9/20/06 5:00
9/20/06 5:15
9/20/06 5:30
9/20/06 5:45
9/20/06 6:00
9/20/06 6:15
9/20/06 6:30
9/20/06 6:45
9/20/06 7:00
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
15.44
15.44
15.44
15.44
15.28
15.28
15.13
15.13
14.97
14.81
14.81
14.65
14.65
14.65
14.49
14.49
14.34
14.34
14.34
14.18
14.18
14.18
14.03
14.03
14.03
13.87
13.87
13.72
13.72
13.72
13.57
13.57
13.57
13.41
13.41
13.41
13.41
13.26
13.26
13.26
13.26
13.26
13.26
13.11
13.11
13.11
13.11
13.11
13.11
13.11
12.95
12.95
12.95
12.95
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.57
17.41
17.57
17.57
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.57
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
17.92
18.08
18.08
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
18.08
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
HF
HF Pool
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17.16
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.84
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
176
Table I.6: 2006 Temperature survey for Barton bar (RKM 20)
Date/Time
9/20/06 7:15
9/20/06 7:30
9/20/06 7:45
9/20/06 8:00
9/20/06 8:15
9/20/06 8:30
9/20/06 8:45
9/20/06 9:00
9/20/06 9:15
9/20/06 9:30
9/20/06 9:45
9/20/06 10:00
9/20/06 10:15
9/20/06 10:30
9/20/06 10:45
9/20/06 11:00
9/20/06 11:15
9/20/06 11:30
9/20/06 11:45
9/20/06 12:00
Bar Head
Well 1
Well 2
12.95
12.95
12.95
12.95
12.95
12.95
12.95
12.95
12.95
12.95
13.11
13.11
13.26
13.26
13.26
13.26
13.41
13.57
13.57
13.72
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
18.01
17.85
17.85
18.01
17.85
17.85
Temperature (°C)
Well 3 Well 4 Well 5
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.31
17.15
17.15
17.15
17.15
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
17.41
HF
HF Pool
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
17.08
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.52
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
16.68
177
APPENDIX J
SPREADSHEET OF ANOMALY DISCHARGE CALCULATIONS
RKM
34.6
34.6
33.5
33.2
32.5
30.6
29.7
28.4
27.4
27.4
27.2
26.6
26.6
26.4
26.1
23.7
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.2
22.4
20.4
20.1
20.1
20.0
19.6
19.0
Temp.
Anomaly
#
1
2
5
6
8
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
19
20
22
24
25
26
27
28
31
32
33
34
35
36
602111.4
602170.8
603982.4
604548.0
605193.2
610165.1
613292.0
616197.4
618169.0
618325.5
618540.1
620414.9
620470.5
620683.7
621509.9
627363.7
626533.7
626782.4
626777.3
627079.1
628860.0
632812.9
632929.0
633394.9
633799.8
633860.4
633254.4
Northing
(ft)1
7721596.7
7721363.1
7722191.3
7720683.9
7718937.9
7718132.3
7717772.6
7716887.6
7717492.3
7717761.2
7717328.2
7718201.8
7718278.8
7717650.1
7717982.2
7713715.8
7714443.4
7714245.2
7714419.4
7714343.7
7713530.4
7709376.8
7708505.7
7708307.5
7708410.3
7706996.3
7705173.3
Easting
(ft)
Ave. Flow
Path
Length
(m)
65
120
150
150
50
25
346
50
90
110
18
40
30
30
100
175
57
75
140
80
70
47
90
40
55
48
25
0.005
0.015
0.005
0.007
0.005
0.008
0.01
0.005
0.017
0.0029
0.059
0.007
0.008
0.004
0.012
0.02
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.019
0.015
0.01
0.01
0.007
0.006
Ave.
Gradient
6.19E-02
1.99E-05
1.99E-05
1.99E-05
1.99E-05
1.99E-05
1.99E-05
1.99E-05
1.93E-03
1.93E-03
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
1.93E-03
1.99E-05
6.19E-02
1.93E-03
1.93E-03
1.93E-03
1.93E-03
1.93E-03
1.93E-03
6.19E-02
1.93E-03
1.93E-03
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
Estimated
Mean K
(m/s)
1.03E-03
9.95E-07
3.32E-07
4.64E-07
3.32E-07
5.31E-07
6.63E-07
3.32E-07
1.09E-04
1.87E-05
1.22E-02
1.44E-03
5.15E-05
2.65E-07
2.48E-03
1.29E-04
4.50E-05
4.50E-05
4.50E-05
4.50E-05
4.50E-05
3.92E-03
9.65E-05
6.43E-05
2.06E-03
1.44E-03
1.24E-03
Mean
Travel
Velocity
(m/s)
0.729223
1395.868
5234.506
3738.933
1744.835
545.261
6037.13
1744.835
9.524535
68.24092
0.017113
0.320537
6.746546
1308.626
0.46745
15.74194
14.64964
19.27585
35.98158
20.5609
17.99079
0.138759
10.79447
7.196315
0.308517
0.384645
0.233725
Mean
Travel
Time (d)
Table J.1: Spreadsheet used for calculating hyporheic anomaly discharges
5
3
15
3
81
22
17
1
1
3.7
0.5
6.7
15
3.5
22
2
2
2.6
27
1
66
1
4
3.5
3
3
1
Ave.
Anomaly
Width
6
(m)
2.5
2
1.5
1
1
1
2
1
3
1.5
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.5
3
3
1
1
1
1
1.5
2
2
0.5
1.5
0.5
1
Ave.
Anomaly
Depth
(m)7
3.87E-03
1.79E-06
2.24E-06
4.18E-07
8.06E-06
3.50E-06
6.77E-06
9.95E-08
9.84E-05
3.11E-05
1.10E-03
5.81E-04
4.63E-05
1.39E-07
4.90E-02
2.32E-04
2.70E-05
3.51E-05
3.65E-04
1.35E-05
1.34E-03
2.35E-03
2.32E-04
3.38E-05
2.79E-03
6.50E-04
3.71E-04
Mean
calculated Q
3
(m /s)
178
632740.8
632505.8
634024.6
635867.8
635261.8
635525.7
635846.4
619013.6
620820.8
635734.1
626799.7
626818.6
626764.3
Northing
1
(ft)
7704584.9
7698528.8
7698883.9
7694699.7
7692058.6
7690794.8
7690601.7
7717458.2
7718413.5
7695136.9
7713497.6
7713455.9
7713815.2
Easting
(ft)
Ave. Flow
Path
Length
(m)
140
35
67
33
45
70
13
22
25
55
75
50
50
0.007
0.013
0.012
0.01
0.01
0.007
0.007
0.004
0.01
0.01
0.007
0.007
0.007
Ave.
Gradient
1.93E-03
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
1.93E-03
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
6.19E-02
Estimated
Mean K
(m/s)
Northings and Eastings are in NAD83 Oregon North State Plane Projection.
18.8
16.7
15.0
14.6
13.8
13.5
13.2
27.2
26.4
14.8
24.1
24.1
24.1
37
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
48
49
50
51
52
1
RKM
Temp.
Anomaly
#
4.50E-05
2.68E-03
2.48E-03
2.06E-03
2.06E-03
4.50E-05
1.44E-03
8.25E-04
2.06E-03
2.06E-03
1.44E-03
1.44E-03
1.44E-03
Mean
Travel
Velocity
(m/s)
35.98158
0.151022
0.313192
0.18511
0.252423
17.99079
0.104175
0.308517
0.140235
0.308517
0.601008
0.400672
0.400672
Mean
Travel
Time (d)
Table J.1: Spreadsheet used for calculating hyporheic anomaly discharges
2.4
35
29
4
2.5
4
20
7
3
2
8
3.6
1
Ave.
Anomaly
Width
6
(m)
1
0.5
2.5
1.5
2.5
1
1
0.5
0.75
2.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
Ave.
Anomaly
Depth
(m)7
3.24E-05
1.41E-02
5.39E-02
3.71E-03
3.87E-03
5.40E-05
8.67E-03
8.67E-04
1.39E-03
3.10E-03
1.73E-03
7.80E-04
2.17E-04
Mean
calculated Q
3
(m /s)
179