TABLE III
The Data
Panel A reports the total number of procedures and their breakup in the following five categories: (1) safety and health; (2) environment;
(3) taxes; (4) labor; and (5) screening. The table also reports the time, direct cost (as a fraction of GDP per capita in 1999) associated with
meeting government requirements, and direct cost plus the monetized value of the entrepreneur’s time (as a fraction of GDP per capita in
1999) as well as the level of GDP per capita in dollars in 1999. Countries are sorted in ascending order on the basis : (1) of the total number
of procedures; (2) time; and (3) cost. Panel B presents means of the variables by quartiles of GDP per capita in 1999. Panel C presents
t-statistics for differences in means across quartiles of per capita GDP in 1999. Table II describes the variables in detail.
Canada
Australia
New Zealand
Denmark
Ireland
United States
Norway
United Kingdom
Hong Kong
Mongolia
Finland
Israel
Zimbabwe
Sweden
Jamaica
Zambia
Panama
Switzerland
Singapore
Latvia
Malaysia
Sri Lanka
Netherlands
Belgium
Number of
Procedures
Safety &
Health
Environment
Taxes
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
Labor
Screening
Panel A: Data
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
2
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
1
4
0
4
3
1
1
2
1
2
1
4
1
3
1
3
1
5
1
4
2
4
1
4
1
5
1
6
0
5
2
5
Time
Cost
2
2
3
3
16
4
18
4
15
22
24
32
47
13
24
29
15
16
22
23
42
23
31
33
0.0145
0.0225
0.0053
0.1000
0.1157
0.0049
0.0472
0.0143
0.0333
0.0331
0.0116
0.2132
0.1289
0.0256
0.1879
0.6049
0.3074
0.1724
0.1191
0.4234
0.2645
0.1972
0.1841
0.0998
Cost+time GDP/POP1999
0.0225
0.0305
0.0173
0.1120
0.1797
0.0169
0.1192
0.0303
0.0933
0.1211
0.1076
0.3412
0.3169
0.0776
0.2839
0.7209
0.3674
0.2364
0.2071
0.5154
0.4325
0.2892
0.3081
0.2318
19,320
20,050
13,780
32,030
19,160
30,600
32,880
22,640
23,520
350
23,780
15,860
520
25,040
2,330
320
3,070
38,350
29,610
2,470
3,400
820
24,320
24,510
Taiwan, China
Hungary
Pakistan
Peru
South Africa
Kyrgyz Republic
Thailand
Nigeria
Austria
Tunisia
Slovenia
Lebanon
Uruguay
Bulgaria
Chile
Germany
Ghana
Lithuania
Czech Republic
India
Japan
Uganda
Egypt, Arab Rep.
Kenya
Armenia
Poland
Spain
Indonesia
Croatia
Kazakhstan
Portugal
Slovak Republic
China
Korea, Rep.
Tanzania
Ukraine
Number of
Procedures
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
Safety &
Health
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
Environment
Taxes
Labor
Screening
Time
Cost
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
2
2
1
3
2
2
0
0
1
1
2
3
1
1
2
1
3
2
2
2
2
1
3
4
2
2
1
2
2
5
2
5
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
4
0
2
2
4
1
2
3
2
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
3
3
2
3
2
4
2
3
5
6
5
4
5
7
4
5
6
7
8
7
5
8
5
7
4
5
7
4
7
6
8
6
9
5
5
8
6
8
8
7
5
7
5
8
37
39
50
83
26
32
35
36
37
41
47
63
23
27
28
42
45
46
65
77
26
29
51
54
55
58
82
128
38
42
76
89
92
27
29
30
0.0660
0.8587
0.3496
0.1986
0.0844
0.2532
0.0639
2.5700
0.2728
0.1722
0.2103
1.5672
0.4949
0.1441
0.1308
0.1569
0.2175
0.0546
0.0822
0.5776
0.1161
0.3040
0.9659
0.5070
0.1267
0.2546
0.1730
0.5379
0.4503
0.4747
0.1844
0.1452
0.1417
0.1627
3.3520
0.2569
Cost+time GDP/POP1999
0.2140
1.0147
0.5496
0.5306
0.1884
0.3812
0.2039
2.7140
0.4208
0.3362
0.3983
1.8192
0.5869
0.2521
0.2428
0.3249
0.3975
0.2386
0.3422
0.8856
0.2201
0.4200
1.1699
0.7230
0.3467
0.4866
0.5010
1.0499
0.6023
0.6427
0.4884
0.5012
0.5097
0.2707
3.4680
0.3769
13,248
4,650
470
2,390
3,160
300
1,960
310
25,970
2,100
9,890
3,700
5,900
1,380
4,740
25,350
390
2,620
5,060
450
32,230
320
1,400
360
490
3,960
14,000
580
4,580
1,230
10,600
3,590
780
8,490
240
750
Turkey
Malawi
Morocco
Georgia
Burkina Faso
Philippines
Argentina
Jordan
Venezuela
Greece
France
Brazil
Mexico
Mali
Italy
Senegal
Ecuador
Romania
Vietnam
Madagascar
Colombia
Mozambique
Russian Federation
Bolivia
Dominican Republic
Sample Average
Number of
Procedures
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
16
17
18
19
20
20
21
Safety &
Health
0
5
1
2
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
1
0
0
2
4
0
0
0
10.48
0.34
Environment
Taxes
Labor
Screening
Time
Cost
Cost+time GDP/POP1999
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
5
4
2
3
4
3
7
2
3
5
3
2
1
1
7
4
1
2
2
2
2
1
3
1
2
1
5
1
3
2
1
5
3
2
3
2
4
3
5
3
5
3
5
7
3
9
4
6
9
9
8
5
10
6
9
11
3
7
10
8
11
8
9
9
7
7
11
13
10
16
44
52
57
69
33
46
48
64
104
36
53
63
67
59
62
69
72
97
112
152
48
149
57
88
80
0.1932
0.1886
0.2126
0.6048
3.1883
0.1897
0.1019
0.5369
0.1060
0.5860
0.1430
0.2014
0.5664
0.3692
0.3966
0.4406
0.8808
3.3203
0.3737
0.2939
0.7929
0.5220
0.7300
0.3550
0.4534
0.8344
0.2002
1.2331
0.6223
0.1531
1.3377
0.4263
0.1480
1.1146
0.1979
2.6558
4.6309
0.4482
1.5091
0.9103
0.5411
1.7857
1.0343
0.3400
1.7106
0.4259
3.0078
4.9509
2,900
190
1,200
620
240
1,020
7,600
1,500
3,670
11,770
23,480
4,420
4,400
240
19,710
510
1,310
1,520
370
250
2,250
230
2,270
1,010
191
0.14
2.04
1.94
6.04
47.40
0.4708
0.6598
8,226
0.20
0.53
0.62
1.34
24,372
5,847
1,568
349
Panel B: Means by Quartiles of GDP per Capita in 1999
1st Quartile
2nd Quartile
3rd Quartile
4th Quartile
6.77
11.10
12.33
11.90
0.00
0.24
0.52
0.62
0.05
0.14
0.14
0.24
1.59
2.14
2.19
2.24
1.14
2.38
2.33
1.95
4.00
6.19
7.14
6.90
24.50
49.29
53.10
63.76
0.10
0.33
0.41
1.08