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Aflatoxin—Acute and Chronic Toxicology
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Which Turkey Was Fed Aflatoxin?
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Aflatoxicoses
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Acute lethal toxicity
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Immune suppression
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Hemorrhagic anemia syndrome
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Hepatotoxicity
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Teratogenicity
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Carcinogenicity
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LD
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Values for Different Species
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Measure of acute toxicity—single oral doses of aflatoxin B
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Acute Aflatoxicosis in Humans
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Syndrome characterized by vomiting, abdominal pain, pulmonary edema, and fatty infiltration and necrosis of the liver
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Western India (1974): unseasonal rain and scarce food prompted consumption of heavily molded corn [6-16 mg AFB1/kg (ppm)] by people in over 200 villages—at least 97 fatalities
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Acute Aflatoxicosis in Humans
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Acute aflatoxicoses also reported in Uganda, Kenya, Thailand, and
Taiwan
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Mutagenicity of Aflatoxin B
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Salmonella typhimurium
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E. coli
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Bacillus subtilis
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Algae
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Neurospora
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Rodent cells (V79, C3H)
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Human cells (lymphoblasts)
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Carcinogenicity of Aflatoxin B
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in Vertebrates
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Guppy
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Rat
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Sockeye salmon
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Rainbow trout
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Duck
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Ferret
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Tree shrew
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Marmoset
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Syrian hamster
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Mouse
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Monkey
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Man
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Trout Fed Control Diet
Source: http://aflatoxinasenalimentosdeconsumohumano.wikispaces.com
Creative Commons BY-SA
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Trout Fed 20 ppb Aflatoxin for 12 Months
LIVER TUMORS
Source: http://aflatoxinasenalimentosdeconsumohumano.wikispaces.com
Creative Commons BY-SA
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Dose-Response Characteristics of Aflatoxin B
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Dose-response characteristics of aflatoxin B
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F344 rats
carcinogenesis in male
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Aflatoxin B1 Structure
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Aflatoxin B1 Structure
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Aflatoxin-Guanine Adducts
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The Aflatoxin-DNA Adduct Is Excreted in Urine
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The aflatoxin-DNA adduct is unstable and is excreted in urine
Image Source: "Mycotoxin and Food Safety in Developing Countries", book edited by Hussaini Anthony Makun,
ISBN 978-953-51-1096-5, Published: April 10, 2013 under CC BY 3.0 license. © The Author(s).
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