0715-AS4600V-D-2
Pg 1 of 5
Ancorsteel 4600V
®
Ancorsteel 4600V is a water atomized low
alloy steel powder containing nickel,
molybdenum, and manganese which satisfies
Metal Powder Industries Federation (MPIF)
material specification FL-4600.
Ancorsteel 4600V is particularly useful for
conventional P/M parts requiring greater
hardenability than is possible when using
admixed or diffusion alloyed powders. It has
good compressibility and green strength,
enabling parts to be made easily to densities
above 6.7 g/cm3. The use of nickel and
molybdenum as the principal alloying elements
permits Ancorsteel 4600V to be processed
using conventional P/M, temperatures and
atmospheres.
Ancorsteel 4600V, because of its high degree
of cleanliness and uniform chemistry, is ideally
suited for powder forging (P/F) applications
that require the hardenability and mechanical
properties associated with cast and wrought
steels. Part densities of 7.60 to 7.86 g/cm3
can be obtained using hot forming pressures of
415–1100 MPa (30–80 tsi).
Typical Analysis and Properties
Composition (weight %) (w/o)
C
Mo
Ni
Mn
0.01
0.56
1.83
0.15
O
0.13
Apparent Density
Flow Rate
2.96 g /cm3
25 s/ 50 g
Sieve Distribution (w/o)
Micrometers
+250 -250 /+150 -150 /+45 -45
U.S. Standard Mesh +60 -60 /+100 -100 /+325 -325
Trace
11
65
24
The Effect of Compaction Pressure on Green Properties
Compaction Pressure (tsi)
30
40
50
14
Green Strength (MPa)
Green Density (g/cm3)
Compaction Pressure (tsi)
30
40
50
2.0
12
7.0
6.6
6.2
0.75 w/o Zinc
Stearate Added
5.8
5.4
5.0
200
20
1.5
10
8
1.0
6
0.75 w/o Zinc
Stearate Added
4
0.5
Green Strength (103 psi)
7.4
20
2
300
400
500
600
700
800
Compaction Pressure (MPa)
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
0
200
300
400
500
600
700
0.0
800
Compaction Pressure (MPa)
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com
0715-AS4600V-D-2
Data Sheet
Pg 2 of 5
Ancorsteel 4600V
®
The Effect of the Combined Carbon on Sintered Properties
7.0 g/cm3
150
1000
6.6 g/cm3
120
750
90
6.0 g/cm3
500
60
250
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
Combined Carbon (w/o)
+0.3
Sintered 30 min. at 1120ºC (2050ºF)
in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere
+0.2
7.0 g/cm3
+0.1
0.0
55
5
55
55
5
55
55
55
555
55
55
555
555
555
555
555
6.6 g/cm3
6.0 g/cm3
-0.1
-0.2
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
Combined Carbon (w/o)
1.00
1.00
Apparent Hardness
100
Apparent Hardness (HRB)
Transverse Rupture Strength (103 psi)
Transverse Rupture Strength (MPa)
Sintered 30 min. at 1120ºC (2050ºF)
in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere
Dimensional Change
180
Dimensional Change (% From Die Size)
Transverse Rupture Strength
1250
Sintered 30 min. at 1120ºC (2050ºF)
in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere
7.0 g/cm3
80
6.6 g/cm3
60
6.0 g/cm3
40
20
0
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
Combined Carbon (w/o)
1.00
The Effect of the Sintering Temperature and Time on Properties
0.8 w/o graphite added
6.8 g/cm3
1000
160
1138˚C (2080˚F)
1110˚C (2030˚F)
150
140
900
130
120
800
110
700
0
30
60
90
Sintering Time At Temperature (mins.)
120
Dimensional Change (% From Die Size)
1100
Transverse Rupture Strength (103psi)
Transverse Rupture Strength (MPa)
Transverse Rupture Strength
+0.20
Dimensional Change
0.8 w/o graphite added
6.8 g/cm3
0
1110˚C (2030˚F)
-0.20
1138˚C (2080˚F)
-0.40
0
30
60
90
Sintering Time At Temperature (mins.)
120
Test specimens were sintered in an endothermic gas atmosphere.
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com
0715-AS4600V-D-2
Data Sheet
Pg 3 of 5
Ancorsteel 4600V
®
The Effect of Heat Treatment
Transverse Rupture Strength, MPa (103 psi)
(140)
(150)
(17 (160)
(1 0)
80
)
0.60
)
00
(2
5)
(19
42
12
0
131
0.40
03
11
12
11
0.20
35
10
0
100
1000
0)
(19
13
45
200
0.80
Combined Carbon (w/o)
Tempering Temperature ( ˚F)
400
600
800
200
300
400
5
96
500
Tempering Temperature (˚C)
6.8 g/cm3 test bars austenitized in endothermic atmosphere at 790–870˚C (1450–1600˚F), oil quenched.
Traverse From O.D., in 1/16˝
3
4
5 6
7 8
0.80
70
65
Ancorsteel 4600V
+0.9 w/o graphite
60
Cut
55
50
Ancorsteel 1000
+ 2w/o Ni+ 1 w/o graphite
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Traverse From O.D. (mm)
6.8 g/cm3 test bars sintered 30 mins. at 1120˚C (2050˚F)
in dissociated ammonia. Oil quenched from 815˚C (1500˚F).
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
0.60
200
1000
67
2
73
71
1
Combined Carbon (w/o)
Apparent Hardness, HRA
75
0
Apparent Hardness (HRA)
Tempering Temperature (˚F)
400
600
800
69
Hardenability
63
65
0.40
61
59
0.20
0
100
200
300
400
500
Tempering Temperature (˚C)
6.8 g/cm3 test bars austenitized in endothermic atmosphere
at 790˚–870˚C (1450˚–1600˚F), oil quenched.
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com
0715-AS4600V-D-2
Data Sheet
Pg 4 of 5
Ancorsteel 4600V
®
The Effect of Sintering Time and Temperature on the Tensile and Impact Properties
of Ancorsteel 4600V Compacted to 6.8 g/cm3
Sintering
Temperature
˚C
˚F
1120
1260
Time
minutes
2050
2300
30
15
30
45
Yield Strength
2% Offset
MPa
psi
Tensile
Strength
MPa
psi
270
300
300
300
320
365
370
395
39,300
43,300
43,500
43,800
Unnotched Charpy
Elongation
Impact Energy
% in 25.4 mm (1 inch) Joules
ft.lbf
46,200
53,200
54,000
57,000
2.3
2.1
2.8
3.2
12
9
10
12
8.5
6.8
7.6
8.6
The lubricant used in each case was 0.75 w/o zinc stearate. Graphite additions were adjusted until the sintered carbon analysis
was 0.4 w/o.
Sinter-Hardening Characteristics of Ancorsteel 4600V Premixed with 2 w/o Copper
Graphite
Addition
w/o
0
0.3
0.6
0.6
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Compaction
Pressure
MPa
tsi
530
530
530
530
540
540
540
540
38.4
38.4
38.4
38.4
39.2
39.2
39.2
39.2
Tempering
Temperature
60 min.
˚C
˚F
—
—
—
150
—
150
205
260
—
—
—
300
—
300
400
500
Dimensional
Charge
%
Transverse
Hardness Rupture Strength
HRB
MPa
psi
+0.52
+0.54
+0.62
+0.62
+0.28
+0.21
—
—
46
66
91
90
104
101
100
100
550
780
1005
1065
680
915
—
—
80,100
113,100
145,600
154,300
98,300
132,500
—
—
Tensile
Strength
MPa
psi
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
370 53,500
480 69,700
595 86,300
740 107,300
%
Martensite
0
0
50
50
75
75
—
—
All mixes include 0.75 w/o zinc stearate. They were compacted to 6.8 g/cm3 and were sintered 30 minutes at 1120˚C (2050˚F)
in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere.
Fatigue Endurance Limit of Heat Treated Ancorsteel 4600V + 0.6 w/o Graphite
Austenitized 840˚C (1550˚F) in D.A. for 30 min., oil quenched. Tempered 230˚C (450˚F) for 1 hr. in air.
Compaction
Pressure
Dimensional
Change
Sintered
Density
MPa tsi
(%)
g/cm3
-0.11
6.95
72 HRB
-0.13
7.25
35 HRC
620
45
DP-DS*
Rockwell
Hardness
Yield Strength
0.2% Offset
MPa
psi
— No Yield
Tensile
Strength
MPa psi
Elongation
% in 25.4 mm
(1 inch)
Endurance Endurance
Limit
Ratio
MPa psi
805 116,800
<1
290 41,800
0.36
1140 165,300 1140 173,300
<1
395 57,500
0.33
*DP-DS = Pressed at 620 MPa (45 tsi), pre-sintered at 840˚C (1550˚F) for 30 minutes in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere,
repressed at 620 MPa (45 tsi). and finally sintered at 1120˚C (2050˚F) for 30 minutes in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere.
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com
0715-AS4600V-D-2
Data Sheet
Pg 5 of 5
Ancorsteel 4600V
®
Powder Forging
Power forging (P/F) is a natural extension of the
conventional press and sinter (P/M) process, which
has long been recognized as an effective technology
for producing a great variety of parts to net or
near-net shape. In essence, a porous preform is
densified by means of hot forming in a single
operation. Forging is carried out in heated, totally
enclosed dies, and virtually no flash is generated.
Powder forging, therefore, is a deformation
processing technology aimed at increasing the
density of P/M parts and thus their performance
characteristics.
The Effect of P/F Carbon Content
on Hardenability
Upset
Repressed
90
60
80
70
50
60
40
50
30
40
30
0.02
0.04
0.06
Oxygen (w/o)
0.08
0.10
85
0
Distance From Quenched End (inches)
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.55 w/o C
80
Apparent Hardness (HRA)
100
Charpy V-Notch Impact Energy (ft. lbs)
Charpy V-Notch Impact Energy (Joules)
The Effect of Oxygen Content
on the Impact Energy
of the Finished P/F Part
75
0.42 w/o C
70
65
60
0.23 w/o C
55
50
45
0
5
10
15
20
25
Distance From Quenched End (mm)
Tensile and Impact Properties for Heat Treated Ancorsteel 4600 P/F with Various Forged Carbon Levels
Heat Treatment Forged Yield Strength UltimateTensile
Fast Oil Quenched Carbon 0.2% Offset
Strength
and Tempered
w/o
MPa
psi
MPa
psi
˚C
˚F
175
175
175
370
440
680
680
350
350
350
700
825
1255
1255
0.24
0.38
0.57
0.38
0.60
0.39
0.58
1425
1505
—
1340
1170
745
760
207,000
218,000
—
194,000
170,000
108,000
110,000
1565
1985
2275
1490
1455
825
860
Elongation
Reduction
in Area
% in 25.4 mm (1 in)
%
Joules
ft. lbf
13
11
3
10
10
21
20
42
33
6
40
32
57
50
16
11
7
28
14
62
45
12
8
5
21
10
46
33
227,000
288,000
330,000
216,000
211,000
120,000
125,000
R.T. Charpy V-Notch
Impact Energy
Core
Hardness
HRA
75
77
80
74
74
63
63
IMPORTANT NOTICE: The data shown are based on laboratory processing standard test specimens. Results may vary from those obtained in production processing.
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com