-junctions and non-equilibrium Josephson-effect in superconductor-normal- π superconductor systems
π
-junctions and non-equilibrium Josephson-effect in superconductor-normalsuperconductor systems
Teun M. Klapwijk a , T.M. Klapwijk b , and R.S. Keizer a a Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands b Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
The Josephson-current phase relationship I s
= I c sinϕ is an equilibrium relation in which the currentcarrying states are thermally occupied. Using a nano-scaled superconductor-normal metal-superconductor junction it is possible to create a non-equilibrium using a normal wire or tunnel-injection, which forces the net super current to flow in the opposite direction than expected for the given phase difference, a so-called π -junction. A summary will be given of experimental and theoretical results on controllable
π -junctions.
Sorting category: Be Superconductivity
Keywords: Josephson-effect, nonequilbrium, mesoscopics
INVITED PAPER
LT2297
