Judicial Branch
Test Review
Supreme Court
• What is the highest court in the Country?
majority
• The Supreme Court needs a _________ vote
to decide a case.
Supreme Court
• Which of the federal courts has both original
and appellate jurisdiction?
Race, Gender, Party Affiliation, Judicial
Experience
• What characteristics might a President
consider when nominating Supreme Court
Justices?
Interpret the law
• What is the main role of the judicial branch?
Concurring
• A justice who agrees with the majority opinion
but has different reasons for supporting it may
write a ________ opinion.
9
• How many justices are there in the Supreme
Court?
Appellate Courts
• Courts that hear reviews or appeals of
decisions from the lower courts
Exclusive
• There are certain cases that can ONLY be
heard in federal courts. In this case the
federal courts would be thought to have
___________ jurisdiction
Judicial Restraint
• Philosophy that the courts should operate
strictly within the limits of the Constitution
and only answer questions if a clear violation
of the Constitution is present.
Cases involving federal laws and cases
beyond the authority of the individual
states.
• What types of cases do federal courts hear?
Dual
• The United States has a _______ system of
courts.
District Courts
• What are the lowest courts in the federal
court system known as?
plaintiff
• An individual who brings a complaint against
another
4 out of 9 (Rule of 4)
• How many supreme Court Justices must vote
in favor of a case being heard?
dissenting
• A justice who does not agree with the
majority’s decision may write a ________
opinion.
Mapp v. Ohio
• Supreme Court ruled that the protection
against unreasonable search and seizure
applied to the state and local governments, as
well as the national government, thus
nationalizing the exclusionary rule to prevent
illegally seized evidence from being
introduced into the courtroom.
appeals
• A court that is only concerned about the
fairness of a trial and the interpretation of the
law in a trial is a(n) ____________ court
verdict
• Decision at the end of a case.
The right to ask a higher court to
review a decision.
• What is the right to an appeal?
jury
• People who decide the outcome of a trial
They are appointed by the President
and confirmed by the Senate
• How are federal judges chosen?
The Judiciary Act
• Which U.S. law established the system of
lower courts?
Judicial review
• The power of the Supreme Court to overturn
any law that it finds is unconstitutional.
Judicial Review
• The decision in Marbury v. Madison
established the concept of…….?
Life
• Term of office for a member of the Supreme
Court
criminal
• A case in which the government or state
charges an individual with violating one or
more laws is known as a ________ case.
precedent
• An interpretation of a law that is used in later
trials.
Article III
• Which Article of the Constitution is associated
with the judicial branch?
District Courts, U.S. Courts of Appeals,
Supreme Court
• What is the correct order of U.S. court
supremacy from least powerful to most
powerful?
Equal to
• The decision in Marbury v. Madison ensured
that the judicial branch was ________ the
other branches of government.
panel
• When there is more than one judge, a group
of judges is called a _____________.
defendant
• Party who answers a complaint and defends
against it in a court.
State criminal court
• A young man is accused of robbing a
convenient store. The case will first be tried
in….
Population of the state
• How is the amount of district courts
determined for each state?
Due Process Clause
• No one can be deprived of life, liberty, or
property without proper legal procedures that
must be followed; clause found in the 5th and
14th amendments.
Judicial Activism
• The philosophy that the courts should play a
more active role in creating national policies
and answering questions of conflict in society
States were not restrained from
violating citizen’s rights because the
Bill of Rights only applied to the
federal government
• Why was selective incorporation of the Bill of
Rights needed to protect citizens from state
governments?
Original Jurisdiction
• What type of jurisdiction do federal district
courts have?
Marbury v. Madison
• First time the Supreme Court struck down an
act of congress for being unconstitutional
There are none
• What are the formal qualifications of federal
judges?
Chief Justice
• What is the head of the Supreme Court known
as?
false-there is no jury only the 9
supreme court justices
• T or F? The Supreme Court is a trial court.
Brown v. Board of Education
• Case established precedent that “separate but
equal” doctrine of Plessy v. Ferguson was not
equal. Led to desegregation of all public
schools and later public spaces and Civil Rights
Movement.
precedent
• A guideline, set by a case, that influences how
similar cases will be decided
Tinker v. Desmoines
• Which court case related to the rights of
students in school, specifically rights
guaranteed by the first amendment?
Miranda v. Arizona
• In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that
suspects must be told of their constitutional
rights to remain silent, that what they say can
and will be used against them, and of their
right to an attorney present during any
questioning (5th amendment).
Plessy v. Ferguson
• The ruling in this case established that
“separate but equal” facilities were legal.
Allowed Jim Crow Laws to flourish for
decades.