THE ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS
• President James Madison’s second term.
• A period in the political history of the United States that reflected a sense of national purpose
• The era saw the collapse of the Federalist Party and an end to the bitter partisan disputes
• Postwar economic prosperity enhanced political optimism in the
United States.
• Banks lent money with little or no collateral to businessmen seeking to buy land, build factories, and develop industries.

SECOND BANK OF THE UNITED STATES
• John Calhoun, (S.C.) proposed bill for Second National Bank
• The Second Bank of the United States, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• The second federally authorized National Bank in the United States
• The bank handled all fiscal transactions for the U.S. Government, and was accountable to Congress and the U.S. Treasury
• Twenty percent of its capital was owned by the federal government, the
Bank's single largest stockholder
• The essential function of the Bank was to regulate the public credit issued by private banking institutions through the fiscal duties it performed for the U.S.
Treasury, and to establish a sound and stable national currency

TARIFFS AND TRANSPORTATION
• During the War of 1812 American manufactured goods were in high demand
• After the war British goods flooded the market at cheaper prices.
• Federal Government responded with the Tariff of 1816
• This was a protective Tariff designed to protect American
Manufacturers
• Calhoun Proposed a transportation Act, President Madison Vetoed it
• Transportation still moved forward with much governmental support with private businesses

• March 20, 1816
• First case to assert ultimate Supreme Court authority over state courts in civil matters of federal law
• During the American Revolution, the state of Virginia enacted legislation that allowed it to confiscate Loyalists' property
• Denny Martin, a British subject tried to sell land in Virginia inherited by his uncle
• Virginia Law stated that no “Enemy could inherit Land.
• The Virginia state supreme court upheld the confiscation. It did not do so on the grounds that Virginia law was superior to U.S. treaties
• The U.S. Supreme Court reversed the state court's decision on appeal, ruling that questions of federal law were within its jurisdiction, and thereby establishing its own supremacy in matters of constitutional interpretation.

MCCULLOCH V. MARYLAND
• Maryland enacted a statute imposing a tax on all banks operating in Maryland not chartered by the state.
• The statute provided that all such banks were prohibited from issuing bank notes except upon stamped paper issued by the state.
• The statute set forth the fees to be paid for the paper and established penalties for violations.
• The Second Bank of the United States was established pursuant to an 1816 act of
Congress.
• McCulloch, the cashier of the Baltimore branch of the Bank of the United States, issued bank notes without complying with the Maryland law.
• Maryland sued McCulloch for failing to pay the taxes due under the Maryland statute
• McCulloch contested the constitutionality of that act. The state court found for Maryland
• McCulloch appealed.

MCCULLOCH V. MARYLAND
• Supreme court Overruled the states of Maryland
• Congress has power under the Constitution to incorporate a bank pursuant to the Necessary and Proper clause (Article I, section 8)
• The State of Maryland does not have the power to tax an institution created by Congress pursuant to its powers under the Constitution https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzTlpDw-nvg

GIBBONS V. OGDEN
• In 1808 the Legislature of the State of New York granted to Robert R. Livingston and
Robert Fulton exclusive navigation privileges of all the waters within the jurisdiction of that
State, with boats moved by fire or steam, for a term of twenty years.
• They subsequently also petitioned other states and territorial legislatures for similar monopolies, hoping to develop a national network of steamboat lines
• Only the Orleans Territory accepted their petition and awarded them a monopoly on the lower Mississippi
• Aware of the potential of the new steamboat navigation, competitors challenged
Livingston and Fulton by arguing that the commerce power of the federal government was exclusive and superseded state laws
• Former New Jersey Gov. Aaron Ogden had tried to defy the monopoly, but ultimately purchased a license from the Livingston and Fulton assignees in 1815, and entered business with Thomas Gibbons from Georgia.

GIBBONS V. OGDEN
• The partnership collapsed three years later, however, when Gibbons operated another steamboat on Ogden’s route between Elizabethtown and New York City, that had been licensed by the United States Congress under a 1793 law regulating the coasting trade
• Aaron Ogden filed a complaint in the Court of Chancery of New York asking the court to restrain
Thomas Gibbons from operating on these waters.
• The Court of Chancery of New York and the Court of Errors of New York found in favor of
Ogden and issued an injunction to restrict Gibbons from operating his boats
• Gibbons appealed to the Supreme Court, arguing as he did in New York that the monopoly conflicted with federal law
• The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of Gibbons
• The sole argued source of Congress's power to promulgate the law at issue was the Commerce
Clause
• This marked the start of a 40-year period of history during which the Supreme Court limited the federal government's ability to regulate under the Interstate Commerce Clause.

NATIONAL DIPLOMACY
• Jackson Invades Florida
• Spanish held Florida angers and frustrates southerners
• Runaway slaves fled to Florida knowing America had no authority there
• Runaway slaves united with Creek groups (Native Americans) that fled to
Florida as well.
• These groups would become the Seminal Tribe
• Seminal being a Spanish word for Runaway
• General Andrew Jackson is Ordered to ordered into Florida to stop
Seminal Raids

• General Jackson seized Spanish settlements St. marks and
Pensacola
• Spanish officials demanded Jackson be punished
• Secretary of State John Quincy Adams argued that it was
Spain's fault for not being able to keep order in Florida
• With pressure building from Adams, Spain caves and releases
Spain to the United States in the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819
• The treaty finalized the western border of the Louisiana
Purchase

MONROE DOCTRINE
• A US foreign policy regarding Latin American countries in 1823
• It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in
North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression towards the United States
• At the same time, the doctrine noted that the United States would neither interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries
• Monroe's declaration was seen as a defining moment in the foreign policy of the United
States and one of its longest-standing tenets
• Its primary objective was to free the newly independent colonies of Latin America from
European intervention and avoid situations which could make the New World a battleground for the Old World powers
• The United States could exert its own influence undisturbed. The doctrine asserted that the New World and the Old World were to remain distinctly separate spheres of influence

CREATE A GRAPHIC ORGANIZER TO LIST EXAMPLES OF
NATIONALISM IN THE UNITED STATES AFTER THE WAR OF 1812
Economics
Examples of Nationalism
Judicial Diplomatic