Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg):
Sept 17, 1862
Significance?
- Lee invasion of North repelled
- Bloodiest day in US history
- Lincoln keeps foreign allies against South with Proclamation
- Change from McClellan to Burnside
The origin
of the term
“sideburns”
Battle of
Fredericksburg:
December 15, 1862
Battle of Fredericksburg:
December 15, 1862
The Battle of Fredericksburg saw more troops engaged
than any other battle of the American Civil War (almost
200,000 men). It also involved the first major opposed
river crossing in the nation’s history.

Known as the Union’s biggest “folly”
• Burnside (U) plans to
invade the South and
capture the capital
(Richmond).
• Lee (C) has his men “dug
in” behind a stone wall at
Marye's Heights, the
highest point
War Room!
Battle of Fredericksburg:
Significance?
-Union
embarrassed…again!
-Prompts more leadership
changes with Union
(Burnside to Joe Hooker)
December 15, 1862
Battle of
Chancellorsville:
May 6, 1863
Battle of Chancellorsville:
May 6, 1863
Battle of Chancellorsville:
May 6, 1863
Significance?
-Lee’s greatest victory (defeats Union force twice his size)
-Lee loses “right hand man” (Stonewall Jackson) due to
friendly fire
Battle of Gettysburg:
July 1-3, 1863
Battle of Gettysburg:
July 1-3, 1863
Battle of Gettysburg:
July 1-3, 1863
Significance?
- Lee’s second invasion was thwarted
-20k more Union casualties, but turning point in war for
South
Siege of Vicksburg:
July 4, 1863
Siege of Vicksburg:
July 4, 1863
Siege of Vicksburg:
July 4, 1863
Significance?
- Union now controls Mississippi River
- Grant made commander of Army of Potomac
Sherman’s March to
the Sea:
Nov – Dec, 1864
Grant
began
a siege
on Richmond
and…
Due
to
Grant’s
success
in
the
west,
In Lincoln
July 1863,
General
Grant
took
Vicksburg
made
Grant
supreme
commander
& of
gained
control
of
the
Mississippi
River
Union army in 1864; Grant devised a
strategy to invade the South on all fronts
The
Lee ledSherman
an attackbegan
into the
William
hisNorth,
Civil
at (Atlanta
Gettysburg;
North’s
“march tobut
thelost
sea”
to Savannah)
real victory
the east
& destroyed1st
everything
of in
military
value
War
“Sherman’s Neckties”
Significance?
- Demoralizes the South
- Everything of value is destroyed (homes, fields, etc.)
Andersonville Prison:
Dec, 1864
MAP 1: Civil War Prison Camps
1. Bell Isle—Richmond, Virginia
2. Cahaba Prison—Cahaba, Alabama
3. Camp Chase—Columbus, Ohio
4. Camp Douglas—Chicago, Illinois
5. Camp Florence—Florence, South Carolina
6. Camp Lawton—Millen, Georgia
7. Camp Morton—Indianapolis, Indiana
8. Camp Sumter—Andersonville, Georgia
9. Castle Pickney—Charleston, S.C.
10. Elmira Prison—Elmira, New York
11. Johnson's Island—Sandusky, Ohio
12. Libby Prison—Richmond, Virginia
13. Old Capitol Prison—Washington, D.C.
14. Point Lookout—Point Lookout, MD
15. Rock Island—Rock Island, Illinois
16. Salisbury—Salisbury, North Carolina
Prisoners were exchanged on
the following basis:

1 general = 46 privates
1 major general = 40 privates
1 brigadier general = 20 privates
1 colonel = 15 privates
1 lieutenant colonel = 10 privates
1 major = 8 privates
1 captain = 6 privates
1 lieutenant = 4 privates
1 noncommissioned officer = 2 privates
(Andersonville National Historic Site, National Park
(Andersonville National Historic Site, National Park S
FUN FACT !!!
Roughly 5% of those fighting on
Civil War battlefields would die
on the battlefield. Roughly 14%
of those entering Civil War
prison camps would die while in
prison camps.
Which would you prefer?
CONCLUSION:
-
• Andersonville Prison was shut down
when the war ended in 1865.
• Some former prisoners remained in
federal service, but most returned to
their prewar civilian occupations.
• Andersonville Prison continues to
Significance?
symbolize the
prisoner of war
physical
and
mental
CSAexperience:
prison camp where
45,000 Union
POWs
were held
suffering and the need to cope with
- Represents the physical/mental suffering of war
almost intolerable conditions.
Battle of Appomattox
Courthouse:
April 9, 1865
On April 9, 1865, Lee surrendered
to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse,
ending the fighting of Civil War
Significance?
- Lee surrenders to Grant, ending the war
- Lincoln will be assassinated just 6 days later
Military Leadership During the Civil War
Both graduates of
West Point Academy
Both fearless, decisive
on battlefield
Both fought MexicanAmerican War
7th
Grant
commanding
Union general
Video
Lee commanding
general throughout
Slob in nature, messy
Refined, always
professional
“Unconditional
Surrender”
An unknown at war’s
start
Brilliant Strategist in
battle
Asked to lead UNION
army, helped VA