Exam Review
Topics: Islamic Civilization,
Byzantine Empire and Early
Russia
Exam – Friday (1/29/16)
Islam
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Meaning: Surrendering oneself to Allah
Hegira - Muhammad’s flight from Mecca to Medina –
622 A.D. – Year 1 on the Muslim calendar
5 Pillars of Islam
 Declaration of Faith
 Prayer
- 5 times a day
- face the holy city of Mecca
 Give Alms to the poor
 Fasting
 Hajj
Islam
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Caliph – political and religious successor of
Muhammad
Shiites
 Caliphs should only be descendants of Muhammad
Umayyad Dynasty – Political Center/Capital - Damascus
Abbasid Dynasty – Political Center/Capital - Baghdad
Contributions
 Medical Textbooks
 Architecture featuring minarets
 The Thousand and One Nights
 Algebra
Byzantine Empire
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Orthodox Christianity - form of Christianity
that emerged in the Byzantine Empire
Church built in Constantinople by Justinian –
Hagia Sophia
Greek was the official language
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Fell in 1453 A.D. – Ottoman Turks
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Early Russia
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Two missionaries responsible for the
creation of the written script for Slavic
language - Cyril and Methodius
(Cyrillic Alphabet)
Mongols (Tartars) - responsible for
the conquest of Kievan Russia after
1236