CHAPTER
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Rocks
the BIG idea
Rocks change into other rocks over time.
3.1 The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
3.2 Igneous rocks form from molten rock.
3.3 Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.
3.4 Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
CHAPTER RESOURCES
3.1
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
Processes at Earth's surface and heat within Earth
cause rocks to change into other types of rocks.
VOCABULARY
rock
rock cycle
sediment
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic
metamorphic rock
igneous
sedimentary
magma
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
3.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
Processes at Earth's surface and heat within Earth
cause rocks to change into other types of rocks.
VOCABULARY
rock
rock cycle
igneous rock
VISUALIZATION
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Explore how rocks form and
change.
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
3.2
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Igneous rocks form from molten rock.
As molten rock cools, minerals crystallize and form
igneous rocks.
VOCABULARY
intrusive igneous
rock
extrusive igneous
rock
igneous
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
3.2
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Igneous rocks form from molten rock.
As molten rock cools, minerals crystallize and form
igneous rocks.
Extrusive igneous
rocks cool quickly
at Earth's surface.
VOCABULARY
intrusive igneous
rock
extrusive igneous
rock
Intrusive igneous
rocks cool slowly
within Earth.
VISUALIZATION
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Explore an animation showing
how crystals form as molten
rock cools.
CHAPTER
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SECTION
OUTLINE
3.3
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.
Layers of sedimentary rocks form as
VOCABULARY
sediment
• sediments are pressed or cemented together
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
3.3
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.
Layers of sedimentary rocks form as
VOCABULARY
sediment
• sediments are pressed or cemented together
• dissolved minerals re-form as water evaporates
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
3.4
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks
change.
Metamorphic rocks form as the structure of the parent
rocks change and as their minerals recrystallize.
VOCABULARY
metamorphism
recrystallization
foliation
heat and pressure
shale
schist
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
3.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
I. The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
VOCABULARY
rock
A. Most rocks are made of minerals.
rock cycle
B. Our world is built of rocks.
igneous rock
C. Rocks change as they move through the rock
cycle.
1. Rock Types
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
2. Rocks in the Crust
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
3.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Igneous rocks form from molten rock.
II. Igneous rocks form from molten rock.
A. Magma and lava form different types of igneous
rocks.
1. Origin of Igneous Rocks
VOCABULARY
intrusive igneous
rock
extrusive igneous
rock
2. Textures of Igneous Rocks
3. Composition of Igneous Rocks
B. Igneous rocks make long-lasting landforms.
1. Intrusive Rock Formations
2. Extrusive Rock Formations
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
3.3
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.
III. Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.
VOCABULARY
sediment
A. Some rocks form from rock particles.
1. Forming and Transporting Rock Particles
2. Forming Loose Sediment into Rocks
B. Some rocks form from plants or shells.
1. Coal
2. Limestone
C. Some rocks form when dissolved minerals
re-form from water.
D. Sedimentary rocks show the action of wind
and water.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
3.4
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks
change.
IV. Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.
VOCABULARY
metamorphism
A. Heat and pressure change rocks.
B. Metamorphic changes occur over large and
small areas.
recrystallization
foliation
1. Change over Large Areas
2. Change over Small Areas
C. Most metamorphic rocks develop bands of
minerals.
1. Foliated Rocks
2. Nonfoliated Rocks
CHAPTER
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KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
CHAPTER HOME
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