Administration of Safe-Settings Assessment Tools
INTRODUCTORY MODULE
Introduction
• Development of the module
– commissioned by:
• World Health Organization (WHO)
– technically supported by:
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Department of Health (DOH)
Council for the Welfare for Children (CWC)
National Youth Commission (NYC)
Department of Education (DepEd)
Safe Kids
Plan Philippines
Centers for Health Development (CHDs)
City Health Offices (CHOs)
Local Government Units (LGUs)
Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA)
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
Introduction
• Development of the module
– designed to engage parents, teachers
and community leaders in determining if
environments are safe to the growth and
development of their children, students
and constituents, respectively
General Objective
• To utilize the assessment tools in determining
if the homes, schools and communities meet the
standards of safety that would make them
conducive for the development of growing
children.
Specific Objectives
• To determine the extent of the problem regarding
child and adolescent injuries
• To determine the government efforts in preventing
child and adolescent injuries
• To utilize the safe-settings assessment tools for the:
– Home
– School
– Community
• To prepare a re-entry plan
Administration of Safe-Settings Assessment Tools
CURRENT SITUATION:
INTERNATIONAL AND THE PHILIPPINES
Definition of Terms
Child
– Child is defined as any person less than 18 years
of age (Convention of the Rights of a Child)
• definition adopted by most countries.
Injury
– “the physical damage that results when the
body is suddenly subjected to levels of energy
beyond the body's ability to absorb, or the result
of lack of vital elements such as air, water or
warmth” (WHO)
Definition of Terms
Two main categories of injury:
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Unintentional injuries for which traffic collisions,
burns, falls and drowning are the leading causes
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Intentional injuries which result from deliberate
acts of violence or neglect such as all forms of child
abuse, homicide cases, etc.
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Basic Principles of Injury
1
Injuries are not accidents.
2
Injuries are multi-factorial.
3
Injuries are predictable.
4
Injuries are preventable.
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Injuries have no ownership.
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Injuries affect the vulnerable.
CHILD INJURY:
International and
Philippine scenarios
Child Injury
International Scenario
Philippine Scenario
• 5.2 million people die annually as
a result of injury
• More than 875,000 children under
the age of 18 die of injury
annually
• 5th leading cause of
morbidity (308/100,000)
• 6th leading cause of
mortality (22/100,000)(DOH,
- The top leading causes of death
in children are road traffic injuries
and drowning
- Intentional injuries, such as child
abuse and adolescent violence,
are also leading causes of death
- Most injuries occur at home or
while at play.
Source: WHO Global Burden of Disease
Project for 2002
2000)
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Injury mortality rate in
children 0 to 17 years old is
59/100,000 population
Injury morbidity rate is higher
among males than females
(2.61:1) (PNIS), 2003)
Source: DOH (2000) and PNIS, 2003
Road Traffic Injuries
International Scenario
– 262,000 child deaths globally
(2004)
– Accounts for 2% of all deaths
among children
– 93% of these deaths occur in lowincome and middle-income
countries
– Death Rate: 10.7 /100,000
population (7.4 /100,000 in
Southeast Asia and 19.9 /100,000
in the African Region)
– Most common injuries are
concussions, cuts, bruises,
fractures and sprains
Source: World Report on Child Injury Prevention,
2008
Philippine Scenario
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Mortality rate among children 017 years old (9.4/100,000)
Leading cause of death among
children 5-9 years old
(14.6/100,000) and 15-17 years
old (8.1/100,000)
One of the leading cause of
injury morbidity among the 0 – 17
years old (156/100,000)
Source: PNIS, 2003
Drowning
International Scenario
• 175,000 of children and youth
under 20 years old around the
world died of drowning (2004)
• 98.1% of deaths due to drowning
occur in low-income and middleincome countries
• Death Rate:
o Western Pacific Region:
13.9/100,000
o African Region: 7.2/100,000
o South East Asia: 6.2/100,000
Source: World Report on Child Injury Prevention,
2008
Philippine Scenario
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One of the leading causes of
child injury with a mortality rate
of (9.4/100,000) among the 0 17 age group
A leading cause of death
among children 1-4 years old
(27/100,000)
Source: PNIS, 2003
Falls
International Scenario
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Philippine Scenario
424,000 people died due to falls (2004) •
Accounted for 47,000 deaths in
children and youth under 20.
Death Rate
(Americas, Europe, Western Pacific)
o 0.2 to 1.0 / 100,000 in high-income
countries
o Rates: up to 3 x higher in lowincome and middle income
countries
(Southeast Asia and Eastern
Mediterranean Region)
o 2.7 to 2.9 / 100,000 in low and
middle-income countries
Source: World Report on Child Injury Prevention,
2008
one of the leading causes of
injury morbidity among children
0-17 years old (152/100,000)
Source: PNIS, 2003
Other Leading Causes of Child Injury
International Scenario
Philippine Scenario
Burns
Suffocation
• 310,000 died due to fire-related burns
globally (2004)
• 96,000 children under 20 died due to
fire-related burns (2004)
• Global Death Rate: 3.9/100,000
Poisoning
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345,814 deaths globally due to
accidental poisoning (2004)
45,000 deaths in children and young
people under 20 due to acute poisoning
Global Death Rate: 1.8 / 100,000
o 0.5/100,000 in high-income countries
o 2.0/100,000 in low-income and
middle-income countries.
Source: World Report on Child Injury Prevention, 2008
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Has a mortality rate of
10.2/100,000 among the
0-17 age group
Cut/sharp objects
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One of the leading
causes of injury among
children 0-17 years old
(156/100,100)
Source: PNIS, 2003
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RECOMMENDED STRATEGIC
DIRECTIONS (PNIS,2003)
Strengthen the capacity of parents,
families and communities
Improve knowledge and skills of key
workers
Develop partnership to generate and
mobilize resources
Build evidence for policy and decision
making and tracking progress
Transform health systems and
environments
Implement laws on child injury
Policies and legislations directed toward protection
of children and citizens of the country:
1. The Philippine Constitution
o mandates protection and promotion of right to health
of the people.
2. Presidential Proclamation No. 1370
o declared every third week of June as “National Safe
Kids Week.”
3. Administrative Order 2006-0016
o known as the “National Policy and Strategic
Framework on Child Injury and Prevention” (June,
2006, began to build the national program on
violence and injury prevention
o Priority areas are RTIs, poisoning, falls, burns and
scalds, drowning
Policies and legislations directed toward protection of
children and citizens of the country:
4. Administrative Order No. 2007-0010
• “National Policy on Violence and Injury Prevention”
5. Philippine Child Survival Strategy and Plan of
Action for 2008-2010
• Outline the essential child survival package of
interventions which include injury prevention and control
6. Administrative Order No. 341
• “Implementing the Philippine Health Promotion Program
(PHPP) Through Healthy Places”
Policies and legislations directed toward protection of
children and citizens of the country:
7. Other Legislations Addressing the Issue on Child
Injury
7.1. R A No 7183 – an act regulating the sale,
manufacturing, distribution and use of firecrackers
7.2. R A No. 8049 – act regulating hazing and other forms of
initiations.
7.3. R A No. 8703 – act requiring mandatory compliance on
the use of seatbelt.
Administration of Safe-Settings Assessment Tools
THE SAFE SCHOOL ASSESSMENT TOOL
The Safe School
The School
• not only site for education but
is also a venue for health and
nutrition
• the child’s second home
School health initiatives can:
a. reduce common health problems
b. increase the efficiency of the education
system, thereby improving the quality of life
and economic productivity of the nation
Characteristics of a Safe School
I.
Surroundings (inside and outside school premises)
A.
B.
C.
I.
Visible warning signage (ex. School zone, slow down,
children crossing, Warning! High Voltage).
Crossing guard
No Harmful plants (ex. Mushroom,
tuba-tuba, bayati, etc.)
Physical Structures
A.
B.
Clinic
Classroom has adequate
1. lighting
2. number of desks/chairs
3. space between seats
4. ventilation (ex. Electric fan/
exhaust fan)
1. electrical outlets with cover
Characteristics of a Safe School
C.Toilet with the following facilities/structures
which are in good condition
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
mirror
ceiling
toilet bowl
wall
floor
door
others
D. Playground
1. free of stray animals
2. clean (no scattered trash/rubbish)
3. proper fencing (no barbed
wires/pointed/sharp objects)
4. Flooring of play facilities
Characteristics of a Safe School
E. Gymnasium
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Sports facilities/equipment are properly installed
F. Swimming pool (if any)
1. fenced
2. with lifeguard
3. with posted warning signs
Characteristics of a Safe School
G. Hallway has the following:
1.
2.
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4.
Pathway free from obstruction
Non slippery flooring
Identified emergency exit/signage
Adequate lighting
H. Stairway has the following:
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5.
Handrails on both sides
Free from obstructions/holes
Non-slippery flooring
Adequate lighting
With directional signage
Characteristics of a Safe School
I.
Canteen has the following
J.
Laboratory/Technology shop has the following
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3.
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7.
Non-slippery flooring
Regularly maintained fire extinguisher
No leaking LPG
tidy tool room/box/cabinet
proper labels/tools in place)
Proper electrical connections (no octopus)
Posters with safety tips
Properly placed and secured chemicals
Regularly maintained fire extinguisher
Adequate safety equipment/gadgets
Flooring has color coding for safety; clean, non-slippery;
enough working space
Characteristics of a Safe School
K. Safety Manual (integrated in student
handbook/subject)
L. School Safety Program