421 MDS Course
Course Director: Dr Asmaa Faden
http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/Asmaa Faden
Co-Course Director: Dr Sally ElHaddad
Course Contributors:
Prof. A AlDosari
Dr M AlShawaf
Dr A AlMobereek
Dental Diagnostic Skills
Diagnostic Method
Diagnosis means `through knowledge` and entails acquisition of
data about the patient and their complaints using the senses:
Observing
Hearing
Touching
Smelling
sometimes
Diagnostic Method
The purpose of diagnosis is to be
able to offer the most:
* Effective and
safe treatment
* Accurate
prognostication
Diagnostic Method
Diagnose
• Is to distinguish, to identify a disease by an
investigation of the signs & symptoms.
Diagnosis
• Is the process of evaluating the patient’s
health, as well as the resulting opinions
formulated by the clinician
Diagnostic Method
Oral
Diagnosis
• Is the ART of using scientific knowledge to
identify oral disease process & to distinguish one
disease from another.
Oral
Medicine
• Is concerned with diagnosis & treatment,
consultation, referral & other phases of patient
management.
• It deals especially with the relation between oral
& systemic diseases.
Diagnostic Method
 Accurate diagnosis depends on systematic approach to
unique diagnostic change posed by every patient.
 The most effective approach is by applying scientific
method to clinical decisions.
Diagnostic
Method
Diagnostic Method
Diagnostic Method
Diagnosis is made by the clinical examination, which
comprise the:
History, this offers
the diagnosis in
about 80% of cases
Physical
examination
Investigations
Sometimes
Types of Clinical
Examinations
1- Comprehensive Dental
Diagnosis
3- Diagnosis of
specific problem
(SOAP)
2- Re-call Diagnosis
4- Emergency
Diagnosis
5- Screening
Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis
- It provides the diagnostic approach needed to
compare the diagnostic finding exhibited by
the patient with those of several diseases
capable of producing the clinical findings.
Diagnostic Skills
SKILL = The ability to do something well
- A skill is a Process NOT an Aim
(Getting the right answer is not the aim)
Diagnostic Skills
The skills that the student should
develop fall into two basic
categories:
I-Investigative Skills
II- Analytical Skills
Diagnostic Skills
I- Investigative Skills:
Help to discover and name the problem/s
with which the patient present.
a- Interrogatory (Questioning) Skills.
b- Descriptive Skills.
c- Summative Skills.
Diagnostic Skills
I- Investigative Skills:
a- Interrogatory (Questioning) Skills.
- How to ask the patient questions.
- How to follow up with other questions,
until you get the information you need.
Diagnostic Skills
I- Investigative Skills:
b- Descriptive Skills.
- Allow to see accurately what you are
looking at.
- Notice what is important about what
you are seeing.
Diagnostic Skills
I- Investigative Skills:
c- Summative Skills.
- Allow to take in a large amount of information
and weed out exactly what you need.
- Then, decide what information is missing.
- Also aid in making a brief summary statement
of the problem that says what you need to say
and NO more.
Diagnostic Skills
II- Analytical Skills:
- Help you to take the large amount of
information you gather, compare it to a known
body of information on diseases (causes of
problems).
- Then, decide on the most probable cause of the
patients’ problem.
Diagnostic Skills
II- Analytical Skills:
- With good analytical skills you will know when
you don’t have enough information to make a
decision and what you have to do to get the
information you need.
- Deciding what to do to treat your patient once
you know what is the cause of the problem.
- Help in follow up the treatment and learn from
the results.
Diagnostic Skills
- The Goal of learning the Basic Diagnostic Skills
is to develop skills with which the student can
discover, analyze, diagnose, treat and follow up
patient problem.
Diagnostic Skills
Objectives:
1- Elicit and interpret a patient’s chief complaint.
2- Describe and interpret oral soft tissue and
hard tissue lesions in terms of Location, Color
and Morphology as they appear on physical
examination and on radiographs.
Diagnostic Skills
Objectives:
3- Synthesize data from the chief complaint,
history of the present illness, physical
examination, medical and dental histories and
other diagnostics tests to derive a pre-hypothesis
statement of the patient’s problem and an initial
hypothesis list (Differential Diagnosis) for the
patient’s problem.
Diagnostic Skills
Objectives:
4- Critically analyze data from texts and the
literature and known information discovered
from a patient to test (rule in OR rule out)
elements in the initial hypothesis list (Differential
Diagnosis).
Diagnostic Skills
Objectives:
5- Decide how to determine a final diagnosis
from the elements in the final differential
diagnosis list.
6- Recommend treatment and follow up for
patients whose problems you have analyzed.
THANK YOU
ANY
QUESTION??