Introduction to Manufacturing
Processes
Computer Integrated Manufacturing
© 2013 Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Types of Manufacturing Processes
• Primary Processing
– Raw materials to industrial materials
– Raw materials are renewable or exhaustible
• Secondary Processing
– Create final products from primary product
Manufacturing Process Example
Mine Extracting Raw
Materials
Secondary Processing
to Manufacture A Ladder
Primary Processing to
Manufacture Bar Stock
Manufacturing Process
Input
Process
Feedback
Output
Materials
• Ceramics, metals,
and plastics are wellsuited to
manufacturing.
• Their properties
determine the
process for which
they are best suited.
Materials
Organic
Materials
Solid
Engineering
(Industrial)
Materials
Inorganic
Materials
Liquid
Gas
NonEngineering
Materials
Polymeric
Metallic
Ceramic
Composite Video
Selecting Materials
Internal
Structure
Types of atoms
Bonds between
atoms
Molecular
structure
Property
Physical
Mechanical
Chemical
Thermal
Electrical –
Magnetic
Acoustical
Optical
Conditions
Chemicals
Radiation
Mechanical
Loads
Thermal
Electromagnetic
Fields
Sonic Forces
Casting and Molding
Casting and Molding Videos
Separating
• Involves the removal of material
• Also referred to as the subtractive process
• Includes two types of processes
– Chip Forming
– Non-Chip Forming
Separating Videos
Joining
• Also referred to as the
additive process
• Materials added in
layers to build a
finished part
• Examples
–
–
–
–
Welding
Gluing
Soldering
Prototyping
Forming
• Uses force to cause a
material to
permanently take a
shape
• Changes some of the
material properties
Forming Videos
Finishing
• May be completed before or after
assembly
• Used primarily to protect a product from
various conditions
• Also used to enhance a product’s
appearance
Finishing: Deburring
• Methods include filing, scraping, and
trimming
• Considerations include actual
requirements regarding work piece
specifications, production quantities, and
cost
Finishing: Cleaning
• Involves the process of removing
unwanted material from work pieces
• Techniques include
– Alkaline cleaning
– Electrolytic cleaning
– Solvent cleaning
– Vapor degreasing
– Acid cleaning
– Abrasive blasting
– Abrasive wheels
Finishing: Coating
• Involves a material
being applied to a
work piece
• May be mechanical,
electrolytic, or
conversion
Finishing: Assembling
• Involves putting parts together
• May be temporary or permanent
• Includes bonding and mechanical
fastening
Finishing: Conditioning
• Refers to changing
the physical or
mechanical properties
of a material
• Includes thermal,
chemical, and
mechanical
References
Custompart.net. (2008). Tutorials. Retrieved from
http://www.custompartnet.com/wu/InjectionMolding
Microsoft, Inc. (2008). Clip art. Retrieved from
http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx
Society of Manufacturing Engineers (Producer). (2010).
Forging. Available from the Society of Manufacturing
Engineers, One SME Drive: Dearborn, Michigan 48121.
The ABB Group. (2008). Photo gallery. Retrieved from
http://www.abb.com
Wikipedia (2010). Assorted bar stock for metalworking.
Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/enus/clipart/default.aspx
References
Wikipedia (2010). Weipa bauxite mine. Retrieved from
http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx