8.2 READ Qs
1-IDENTIFY two ways cells can use glucose
-build complex sugars, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
-energy
2- NAME: Check the organism that has chloroplasts
 Mushroom
 oak tree

 earthworm
8.2 READ Qs
3- ILLUSTRATE/LABEL - thylakoid, granum, stroma
8.2 READ Qs
4- EXPLAIN why the leaves of some trees change
color in the fall
-in the fall plants break down their chlorophyll—the
other pigments of the leaf can then be seen
8.2 READ Qs
5-DESCRIBE what photosystem I & II are made of
- light-absorbing pigments & proteins
8.2 READ Qs
6-IDENTIFY: Highlight on the diagram the path
electrons follow
-CIRCLE: What molecule is the electron’s final
- NADPH
destination __________________________
8.2 PHOTOSYNTHESIS
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN
-the two phases of photosynthesis [ describe / diagram ]
-the role structures in chloroplast play in photosynthesis
-factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis
MAIN IDEA
-LIGHT energy  CHEMICAL energy
-plants absorb LIGHT ENERGY from the SUN to create
GLUCOSE- CHEMCIAL ENERGY
SONG- PHOTOSYNTHESIS RAP
OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
LIST organisms that carry out photosynthesis
-autotrophs (plants)
LIST the organelle where photosynthesis takes place
-chloroplast 1st-thylakoid / 2nd-stroma
IDENTIFY the chemical equation for photosynthesis:
6CO2
6H2O
C6H12O6
6O2
__________
+ __________
 __________
+ ___________
[REACTANTS]
light
[PRODUCTS]
IDENTIFY the energy form used during photosynthesis
chemcial
light
IDENTIFY the energy form produced during photosynthesis
chemcial
light
IMPORTANT STRUCTURES
-INTERNAL STRUCTURE: leaf tissue
CHLOROPLAST
IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- CHLOROPLAST
CHLOROPLAST
-located in the cell of leaves
IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- CHLOROPLAST
INNER/OUTER MEMBRANE
-phospholipid bilayer
-carbs transported across
membrane
THYLAKOIDS - “coins”
-phase I
GRANUM- “stack of coins”
STROMA- fluid/space
-phase II
MAIN IDEA
IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- CHLOROPLAST
STOMATAopenings in leaf allow exchange of water/gases
GUARD CELLSopen & close stomata by changing shape
Photosynthesis Animation
Open
Closed
IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- PIGMENTS
PIGMENTS
-absorb colored light
-found in thylakoids of chloroplast
CHLOROPHYLL
-major light-absorbing pigment in plants
-gathers sunlight
-absorbs light in all wavelengths [violet-blue]
-EXCEPT GREEN / Reflects GREEN
PHASE ONE: LIGHT REACTIONS
PHASE I- light-dependent <LIGHT>
NAME: Light Reactions
OCCURS IN: thylakoids
STARTS WITH: light energy-SUN
water
PRODUCES: -oxygen
-H+
-ATP / NADPH [energy storing molecules]
PHASE ONE: LIGHT REACTIONS
-sunlight splits water molecules -H2O
-excites electrons ~ e- gain ENERGY
-releases oxygen gas -O2 [waste product]
-H+ (protons) needed to make food
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
-thylakoid membrane
PHOTOSYSTEM II (protein)
ELECTRON CARRIER- NADP+
-accepts/transports high energy e-convert ADP and NADP+ energy carriers ATP and NADPH
PHOTOSYSTEM I (protein)
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
photosystem II
photosystem I
PHASE TWO: CALVIN CYCLE
PHASE 2- light-independent
NAME: CALVIN CYCLE
OCCURS IN: stroma
STARTS WITH: -CO2
-ATP / NADPH [energy molecules]
PRODUCES: -GLUCOSE [6 carbon sugar]
-ADP / NADP+ [return to light-dependent phase]
OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
19
PHASE ONE / PHASE TWO - DIAGRAM
7
2
1
9
10
3
5
6
4
8
FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE RATE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
1-TEMPERATURE
2-LIGHT INTENSITY
3-CO2 CONCENTRATION
4-WATER
5-MINERALS