Unit III: Cognition--Chapters 9-10
Unit Learning Targets and Key Vocabulary
Learning Objectives:
1. I can compare and contrast various cognitive process such as effortful versus automatic processing,
deep versus shallow processing and focused versus divided attention. (College Board VIIC)
2. I can describe and differentiate psychological and physiological systems of memory (e.g., short-term
memory, procedural memory). (VIIA)
3. I can outline the principles that underlie effective encoding, storage, and construction of memories.
(VIIA)
4. I can describe strategies for memory improvement. (VIIA)
5. I can synthesize how biological, cognitive, and cultural factors converge to facilitate acquisition,
development, and use of language. (VIIB)
6. I can identify problem-solving strategies as well as factors that influence their effectiveness. (VIID)
7. I can list characteristics of creative thought and creative thinkers. (VIID)
8. I can identify key contributors in cognitive psychology (e.g., Noam Chomsky, Hermann Ebbinghaus,
Wolfgang Kohler, Elizabeth Loftus, George A. Miller). (VIIC)
Unit Vocabulary:
Chapter 9
Encoding
Types of encoding-visual, acoustic, semantic
Storage
Sensory Memory
Iconic memory
Echoic memory
Short-term Memory
Working Memory
George A. Miller
Rehearsal
Chunking
Imagery
Mnemonic devices
Spacing effect
Serial positing effect
Primacy-recency effect
Long-term Memory
Long-term potentiation
Implicit (procedural) memory
Explicit (declarative) memory
Episodic memory
Semantic memory
Hippocampus
Cerebellum
Retrieval
Recall
Recognition
Priming
Déjà vu
Mood-congruent
Forgetting
Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve
Proactive interference
Retroactive interference
Repression
Amnesia
Source amnesia
Misinformation effect
Confabulation
Elizabeth Loftus
Improving memory
Chapter 10
Cognition
Directed Thinking
Nondirected Thinking
Metacognition
Concept
Prototype
Algorithm
Heuristics
Confirmation bias
Fixation
Mental set
Functional fixedness
Creativity
Recombination
Insight
Representative heuristics
Availability heuristics
Framing
Belief bias
Phonemes
Morpheme
Grammar
Semantics
Syntax
Telegraphic speech
B.F. Skinner
Noam Chomsky
Linguistic determinism