Putting it all together
The structure of a speech
Outlines
Three components
• Introduction
• Body
• Conclusion
I. Introduction
A. Attention Getter
B. Main ideas
1. Idea 1
2. Idea 2
3. Idea 3
II.
Body
A. Idea 1
1. Support 1
2. Support 2
3. Support 3
B. Idea 2
1. Support 1
2. Support 2
3. Support 3
C. Idea 3
1. Support 1
2. Support 2
3. Support 3
III.Conclusion
A. Restatement of Main Ideas
1. Idea 1
2. Idea 2
3. Idea 3
B. Closing Statement
The Body of your Speech
Logical order
support
Arrangement
•
From simple to complex
•
From cause to effect
•
From problem to solution
•
According to space
•
According to time
Introduction:
Divulge the purpose and reasons for your talk
Gain audience goodwill
Arouse audience interest
• Attention Getter
• Main Ideas
Attention Getter
1. Reference to the occasion and sponsor
2. Reference to the audience
3. Reference to the speaker
4. Reference to literature
5. Questions to the audience
6. Quotation and question
7. Anecdote
8. Quotation
9. Startling Statement
10. Statistics
Conclusion
Should not drag on
Should not contain new material
• Restatement of Main Ideas
• Closing Statement
Ideas to incorporate in your conclusion
1. A summary of key ideas
2. A prediction
3. A quotation, either emotional or factual
4. A quotation from literature
5. A quotation from an authority
6. An anecdote or question, or both
Transitions or Connecting Links
• Connect the introduction to the body and the body
to the conclusion
• Show the relationship between ideas
•
Place: adjacent to, on the opposite side of, diagonally, across
•
Time: after a few hours, meanwhile, in the meantime,
afterward, immediately, earlier, next, then, later
•
Purpose: for this reason, to this end, with this goal
•
Concession: of course, to be sure, naturally
•
Comparison and contrast: on the other hand, nevertheless, on
the contrary, in contrast, in the same way, conversely,
however, in like manner, similarly, whereas
•
Summary of repetition: in other words, to review briefly, in
short, on the whole, to sum up, as previously noted, here
again, in summary, in brief, if I may repeat
•
Explanation: for example, in particular, more specifically
•
Addition: furthermore, in the second place, besides,
moreover, again, in addition, equally important, finally, also
•
Cause or result: on that account, therefore, as a result,
thereupon, for this reason, consequently, accordingly, under
these conditions, hence
•
Conditions: Although, because, even though, since, if, unless,
under these conditions, nevertheless, otherwise, this being so
Transitions help “telegraph” to your
audience that:
1. The introduction is over, and you are swinging into
the body
2. The body is over, you are moving into the
conclusion
3. The conclusion is almost over, and you are ready to
answer questions or to sit down
The keys to a
great speech are
organization
and practice!!!