Section 1:
Dictators Threaten
World Peace
Why had the Treaty of
Versailles created anger
and resentment in many
nations?
• Economic
depression caused revolutions in
Europe
• Germany resented post WW I treatment
•Soviets resented losing territory
These problems encouraged people to turn to
dictators to solve problems.
Russia (The Soviet Union)
I.
I.
Problems from World War I
A. Civil War (communists vs. non-communists)
B. Loss of territory. (map)
New Leader: Joseph Stalin (1924)
A. System – Communist dictatorship.
B. Goals
1. Industrialize the Soviet Union.
2. Expand Soviet power.
3. Increase agricultural output.
Russia (The Soviet Union)
C. Methods
1. Govt. took total control of industry and
farming.
2. Destroyed political opponents.
3. Took away individual freedoms.
D. Aggressive actions in 1930s?
- None really. Stalin was focused on
establishing communism and modernizing
Russia first.
Italy
Problems from World War I
A. Unemployment and inflation.
B. Fear of communism.
II. New Leader: Benito Mussolini (1922)
A. System – fascist dictatorship.
B. Goals
1. Restore order in Italy.
2. Achieve greatness for Italy.
C. Aggressive Actions
1. Invaded Ethiopia to establish colonial
empire.
2. Supported fascists in Spanish Civil War.
I.
Germany
Problems from World War I
A. Unemployment and inflation.
B. Anger over Treaty of Versailles.
C. Longing for a “place in the sun.”
D. Fear of communism.
II. New Leader: Adolph Hitler (1933)
A. System – fascist dictatorship.
B. Goals
1. Restore order in Germany.
2. Avenge loss in World War I.
3. Create great German empire
3. Eliminate “Jewish problem.”
I.
Germany
C. Aggressive Actions
1. Pulled out of League of Nations (1933).
2. Rebuilt German military.
3. Sent troops into the Rhineland. (1936)
4. Annexed Austria (1938)
5. Insisted on taking western
Czechoslovakia. (1938)
Book burning rallies…
A Nuremberg Rally
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilXVkgmJk2E
“How
fortunate
for leaders
that men
do not
think.”
- A. Hitler
1936
The Rome- Berlin
Axis…
The Third Reich
The term “Third Reich” is used to
describe Hitler’s Nazi regime in
Germany from 1933 to 1945.
Spain
I. New Leader: General Francisco Franco (1939)
A. System: fascist dictatorship.
B. Goals
1. Create fascist dictatorship in Spain.
C. Aggressive Actions
1. Led a rebellion against Spanish govt.
2. Became the Spanish Civil War
a. fascists vs. non-fascists (including
socialists and communists)
b. Germany and Italy supported the fascists.
c. The Soviet Union and some Americans
supported the non-fascists. Guernica
d. Became a testing ground for the German
military.
e. Fascists won.
Japan
I. Problems from World War I
A. Lack of land and natural resources.
II. New Leader: Hideki Tojo (1941)
A. System: Military dictatorship (similar to
fascism)
B. Goals:
1. Create Japanese empire in the Pacific.
2. Secure natural resources for Japan.
C. Aggressive Actions:
1. Invaded Manchuria in 1931.
2. Invaded rest of China in 1937.
3. Took French and British colonies in S.E.
Asia.
Objective…
Describe America’s
foreign policy in
response to events in
Europe in the 1930s.