Bell Work
1. What is an Institutional Review Board
(IRB)?
2. Give an example of a time in which
informed consent was provided and withheld
in a study.
3. What beliefs or values does the Tuskegee
Experiment exemplify?
4. How has the Nuremberg Trials left a
lasting historical impact?
5. Do IRBs most impact the good of the
individual or the good of society?
Social Change, Collective
Action and Social Movements
Evolutionary social change
Evolutionary view of social change
gradual transformation through
stages of increasing complexity
as opposed to revolutionary view,
which assumes that a revolution is
needed for change to occur
Social Revolution
Social revolution
involves a
fundamental
change in social
practices
Distinct from
political
revolution, which
is overthrow of
one political
regime by
another
Toffler’s Three Waves of Social
Development
Agricultural age — people moved away from
nomadic wandering/hunting to villages and
cultures
Industrial age — people leave the peasant culture
of farming to work in city factories with machinery
Information age — wealth is increasingly
contingent on the possession of
knowledge/information.
Social Change
Social change significant
alteration of social
structures
Social structures
- patterns of social
action and
interaction
Types of Movements
Reactionary
Desire to reverse changes that have
occurred
Ex: KKK – oppose rights given to
minorities
Conservative
Work to prevent changes
Ex: movement to ensure that marriage
remains between man and woman
only
Reformist (Revisionist)
Also known as liberal, desire moderate
changes
Ex: Movement to legalize marijuana
Revolutionary
Designed to bring major change, such
as a coup
Escapist (Retreatist)
People who move to “dropout” of
society by isolating themselves
Assimilationist
Designed to help minority groups
assimilate or be accepted into society.
Ex: Gay Rights
Cultural Lag
Phenomenon where
cultural elements,
such as religious
beliefs, change
more slowly than
structural elements,
such as
technological
innovations
Example: 9-month
school schedules
Theories of Revolutionary change
Increasing conflict
among parts of
society—different
economic groups—
as the main source
of social change
Mainly associated
with Karl Marx
Post-industrial Society
Daniel Bell popularized the concept of
post-industrial society in the early
1970s
The term signifies a stage between
industrial society and a future form of
society yet to be established
Globalization - the
widening, deepening
and speeding up of
worldwide
connections in all
aspects of
contemporary social
life
Religious, financial,
cultural, moral, etc.
Globalization
Globalization Movements
3 types of social movements in
response to the globalization:
Legitimizing
Resistance
Project
Legitimizing movements and
identities
Social movements generated through
institutions of civil society that are
outside of the state, yet have
legitimate access to state power
Ex: Education reform movements
Resistance movements and
identities
Social movements based on the
identity of excluded groups (i.e. racial
and ethnic minorities) and a
resentment toward the dominant
institutions
Ex: Civil Rights movement, Occupy
Wall Street
Project movements and identities
Social movements that use available
cultural resources to create new
identities that redefine one’s position
in society and try to change the
overall social structure
Ex: Women’s movements and
environmental movements
Key Characteristics of
Social Movements
An informal network of interactions
among activist groups, individuals,
and organizations
Collective identity
Engagement in political or cultural
conflict over social change
Collective Behavior
Mobilization on the basis of a belief
which redefines social action
Timeline Project
Select the Top 15 Social
Movements/Events in US History from
1776
Picture
Type of Movement/Event
Brief Description
Justification/Significance
Must have 1 example for each
category before you leave today