Name:
Date:
Class Period:
Meiosis: Vocabulary and Notes
Vocabulary
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
4. ____________________________________
5. ____________________________________
6. ____________________________________
7. ____________________________________
For example, there are at least two different alleles for eye color. Different
combinations of alleles give organisms different variations of the same trait,
such as brown eyes or blue eyes.
8. ____________________________________
For example, the larger chromosomes to the right are homologous to each other, and the
smaller chromosomes are homologous to each other. They may not have the exact same
alleles, but they have the same genes in the same places (and the same chromosome
number).
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9. ____________________________________
In the picture on the previous page, the large and small chromosomes are non-homologous because
they carry different genes.
10. ____________________________________
11. ____________________________________
12. ____________________________________
13. ____________________________________
14. ____________________________________
15. ____________________________________
16. ____________________________________
17. ____________________________________
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Key Point #1: Mitosis and Meiosis are two different types of cell division.
-Mitosis creates two _______________________ ________________________ cells from one
__________________________ cell
-ALL of your ________________________________ cells do mitosis
-after mitosis, the daughter cells have the same number of ________________________ as
the parent cell (2n 2n)
-Meiosis creates ____________ unique daughter cells from _______________ parent cell
-Meiosis is ONLY used to make ________________ cells
-each daughter cell has ______________________________ the number of chromosomes as
the parent cell (2nn)
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Key Point #2: Mitosis is cell division that results in two diploid cells that are
identical to the original cell.
1. The diploid (2n) parent cell replicates its DNA to go from __-shaped to
___-shaped double ___________________________________
2. The parent cell divides (splitting the X shaped double
_________________________ into I-shaped single _________________________) to create
two identical cells that are both ____________.
Do you want all of your skin cells to be different, or the same? Why?
Check for Understanding
1. If a skin cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, how many
chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
2. If two daughter cells in a cabbage leaf have 18 chromosomes each, how
many chromosomes did the parent cell have?
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Key Point #3: Meiosis is two cell divisions that results in four haploid, nonidentical daughter cells.
•
Step 1: The parent cell
_______________________ (copies) its
DNA. The chromosomes have
gone from I shaped to X shaped.
This cell is still considered
______________________(Why?).
•
Step 2: The parent cell divides
to make two ___________________
daughter cells (the X shaped
________________________ split up)
•
Step 3: Each daughter cell
___________________. The X shaped
chromosomes split into I shaped
chromosomes to make a total of
______ haploid daughter cells.
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Key Point #4: Meiosis only happens in reproductive organs to create sex cells
In females, meiosis happens in the _______________________ to create ______________cells.
In males, meiosis happens in the ______________________ to make __________________ cells.
Egg and sperm cells are called _________________________.
Meiosis Diagram
You will need to know this.
-The parent cell is ______________________ (2n) and has 2 of each chromosome.
-After the DNA duplicates and the chromosomes are ____ shaped, the cell is still
considered diploid.
-The parent cell divides and one chromosome from each pair goes to each cell. The
daughter cells are now haploid, but the chromosomes are still in duplicate form, so
they are still ___-shaped.
-Each ______________________ (n) cell divides into 2 daughter cells that are also haploid
(the duplicated X shaped chromosomes separate into I shaped chromosomes)
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Filling in the Diagram
In humans, this is the number of chromosomes in each cell during meiosis.
So what about frogs? Frogs are diploid and have 26 chromosomes in their somatic
cells.
Fill in this meiosis diagram for
Sparky.
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Check for Understanding
Fill in the meiosis diagram for coyotes. Coyotes are diploid and have 76
chromosomes in their somatic cells.
If a human somatic cell has 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would
there be in a human cell after meiosis?
If a goat gamete produced during meiosis has 30 chromosomes, how many
chromosomes would a goat skin cell have? Assume goats are diploid.
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