 1749-1823
 British
 Vaccine for smallpox created from cowpox
 "Vaccination," the word
Jenner invented for his treatment (from the Latin vacca , a cow), was adopted by Pasteur for immunization against any disease.

“Father of Microbiology”
 1822-1895
 He solved the mysteries of rabies, anthrax, chicken cholera, and silkworm diseases, and contributed to the development of the first vaccines.

“Founder of Microbiology”
 German
 The Nobel Prize in
Physiology of
Medicine 1905
 Koch formulated systematic method for biological research
( Koch's Postulates)

 Pathogen must be found in infected organism.
 Pathogen must be isolated & grown in lab
 Pathogen grown in lab & introduced to healthy organism must cause the same disease
 Injected pathogen must be isolated from the second host

 Biologist/Pharmacologist
 Scottish
 In 1914, he joined British Royal
Army Medical Corps to develop a cure to reduce the number of soldiers dying from infected wounds.
 Discovered penicillin in
1928
 1930’s other scientists discovered a way to mass produce penicillin

 Microorganisms that are harmless or beneficial to other organisms
–
Examples
•
Yeast & bacteria in mouth & throat
•
Bacteria in large intestine

 Zoonosis = any disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans.
–
Ex. West Nile, Lyme Disease, Ebola
Vector = transport disease from animal to human
- usually do not get sick themselves ex. Deer Tick is vector for Lyme Disease


 http://www.reformation.org/pasteur.html
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1905/kochbio.htmlhttp://search.nobelprize.org/search/nobel/?q=Alexander+Flemi ng&i=en
 http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/immunity/game/ind ex.html
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Game above http://www.sjsu.edu/depts/Museum/flemin.html
http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/AB/BC/Louis_Pasteur.html
http://www.sc.edu/library/spcoll/nathist/jenner.html
http://web.ukonline.co.uk/b.gardner/Koch.htm