STEM Fellow Training 2014-15 Coordinator: Coach: Sandra Preiss Carly Monfort Tonight’s Goal: Exploring Engineering Scientific Method & Engineering Design Process What is Engineering? • The application of scientific or mathematical principals used to design a solution to a problem. • A problem-solving process that uses scientific discoveries to produce solutions and technologies for societal problems and needs. • The production of an artifact or process. Examples: • Aerospace Engineer: May redesign a wing shape to allow for better air flow. • Systems Engineer: May design a better manufacturing process for crayon manufacturing. • Computer Engineer: May design a 3-D computer application to model airflow patterns through a turbine engine. What is the Difference? What to take away… • Hypothesis driven • Innovation driven • Investigation • Redesign • Focuses on acquiring new knowledge based on your hypothesis. • Application of knowledge gained from the Scientific Method • Repetitive from a statistical analysis • Reiterative • Artifact (could be a method, process or something tangible) • Research is to inform the design. • Often part of the EDP Example Which type of light best supports plant growth? What participant discovers: White light (sunlight) is most effective at supporting growth. Design a growth plan to help a plant grow in a specific environment. What participant discovers: There are factors associated with plant growth. Several variables such as light, water, climate, and species Engineering “Habits of Mind” Engineering in K-12 Education: Understanding the Status and Improving the Prospects National Academy of Engineering & National Research Council of The National Academies Are students equipped with essential “habits of mind,” skills necessary for success in the 21st century? o o o o o o Systems Thinking – “recognize essential interconnections in the technological world” Creativity – “inherent in the engineering design process.” Optimism – “possibilities and opportunities can be found in every challenge and every technology can be improved.” Collaboration – “leverages the perspectives, knowledge, and capabilities of team members to address a design challenge.” Communication – “essential to effective collaboration, to understanding particular wants and needs of a ‘customer,’ and to explaining and justifying the STEM final design solution.” Experiences Attention to Ethical Considerations – “impacts of engineering on people and the environment…” How do we provide the experiences to foster these habits of mind? Educational experiences outlined by Ohio Department of Education o Scientific inquiry: activities through which students develop knowledge and understanding of scientific ideas as well as an understanding of how scientists study the natural world.4 Teachers need to model scientific inquiry by teaching with inquiry. o 21st Century Skills: include: creativity and innovation; critical thinking, problem solving and communication; information, media and technological literacy; personal management, productivity, accountability, leadership and responsibility; and interdisciplinary, project-based, real-world learning opportunities.5 4 Research Council (1996), National Science Education Standards (Washington, DC: National Academy Press), p 192. 5 http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=254&Itemid=119; ORC §3301.079 A (1): http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/3301. Overview for Model Curriculum Review Ohio Department of Education, July 2011 Educational experiences outlined by Ohio Department of Education o Technological Design: a problem or project-based way of applying creativity, science, engineering and mathematics to meet a human need or want. Modern science is an integrated endeavor. Technological design integrates learning by using science, technology, engineering and mathematics and fosters 21st Century Skills. o Technology and Engineering: Technology modifies the natural world through innovative processes, systems, structures and devices to extend human abilities. Engineering is design under constraint that develops and applies technology to satisfy human needs and wants. Technology and engineering, coupled with the knowledge and methods derived from science and mathematics, profoundly influence the quality of life. Overview for Model Curriculum Review Ohio Department of Education, July 2011 Innovation -Define the Problem -Define Constraints -Analyze the Market -Increase Stimulus -Increase Diversity -TEST, TEST, TEST -Redesign….and back to the start http://www.ideo.com/60minutes/ Encouraging Innovation o Generate classroom experiences that encourage divergent thinking. o Provide opportunities for stimulus o Encourage collaboration o Encourage evolution of understanding and conceptual design. o Offer experiences for application of knowledge o Embrace failure as part of the learning process. o Assess and model experiences that are representative of the “real world”. o Embrace diversity of thought Application of Knowledge through Career Connections The attainment of knowledge is most meaningful when students translate their understanding into practical application. The incorporation of knowledge, application and innovation are key to our Nation’s economic success. Application of Knowledge through Career Connections Images By: Richard C. Overbaugh and Lynn Schultz Old Dominion University http://www.odu.edu/educ/roverbau/Bloom/blooms_taxonomy.htm Collaboration Personalities: Creating a Powerful Team “Collaboration is the ability to work together toward a common vision. The ability to direct individual accomplishments toward organizational objectives. It is the fuel that allows common people to attain uncommon results." -Andrew Carnegie Team Collaboration Challenge o Your team is required to make as many paper footballs as possible in 15 minutes. o Lead Fellows will be Project Managers, and will identify areas of need to shift workers as necessary o All other Fellows will be assigned tasks after a 4 minute planning session • All paper footballs must have the same dimensions • All paper footballs must have a brand name/logo • Only complete paper footballs will be counted Hurdles for Collaboration Distance- physical and mental Dominance- oppressive hierarchy Dissonance- dueling priorities or disrespect for peers/ group goals Discomfort- lack of knowledge, lack of meaningful personal relationships Let’s Focus for a bit on Building a Collaborative Environment Personality Profiling Dr. Gary Smalley & Dr. John Trent Personality Test Initially created to promote healthy marital and familial relationships, the Smalley personality tests helps one explore the personality strengths and needs of those who participate. Personality Exercise Dr. Gary Smalley & Dr. John Trent Personality Test 1. Individually complete the following worksheet. 2. At each row, rank the word that is most like you with a 4 and progressively least like you with a rank of 3,2,1. (4 most like you, 1 least like you) 3. For example: 3 4. Bold 2 Fun 1 Adaptable 4 Detailed Once all 19 rows are complete, total the columns. Who are you? Your dominating personality characteristics are represented by the column with the highest score. If you have a second column that is within 1-3 points your personality tends to reflect both temperaments. Column 1: Lion Highest Total Column 2: Otter Highest Total Column 3: Golden Retriever Highest Total Column 4:Beaver Highest Total Pack of Furry Critters Understanding temperaments even on the broadest scale will help when dealing with colleagues, family members and people in general this understanding can lead to smoother projects, meetings and environments. Be a steward of this knowledge: Use this knowledge to improve your communication, understanding, and expectations of your peers! Keep in mind that an individual may not exhibit all strengths and weaknesses that are listed as characteristics of their personality type. Perceived Weaknesses Perceived Strengths Visionary Practical Cold Productive Domineering Strong-willed Unemotional Independent Unforgiving Decisive Sarcastic Leader Self-sufficient Goal Oriented What they value most: Results Thrive on Opposition Enjoy difficult assignments Lion Perceived Strengths Perceived Weaknesses Outgoing Responsive Warm Friendly Talkative Enthusiastic Compassionate Creative Inspirating Undisciplined Unproductive Exaggerates Egocentric Unstable What they value most: Affirmation Otter Perceived Strengths Perceived Weaknesses Calm Easy-going Dependable Quiet Objective Diplomatic Humorous Loyalty Peacemaker Learned Leader Realistic Selfish Procrastinator Unmotivated Indecisive Fearful Worrier What they value most: Relationships Golden Retriever Perceived Weaknesses Perceived Strengths Analytical Self-disciplined Industrious Organized Aesthetic Sacrificing Detail oriented Deep thinkers Problem solving Moody Self-centered Touchy Negative Unsociable Critical What they value most: Correctness Beaver How to best work with different personalities Let them have fun (be creative) Be brief Make them feel appreciated (build personal relationships) relationship from tasks Help them achieve (help them set goals & make decisions) Be prepared with evidence Allow them to bloom (encourage participation & seek their wisdom) Help them get to the bottom line Draw up a scheduled approach Be prepared (present Help them focus (link tasks to information logically) goals) Separate personal Be thorough (always follow through) Homework o Begin Forum Discussion on potential standards of interest for curriculum development on Basecamp o Read Would You Drink That?, a unit of curriculum posted on Basecamp