Review for Matter Test
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up
space
All objects are made up of matter!
Mass
Mass measures the amount of matter that makes up an
object.
Mass will never change!! Only weight will change. Use a pan
balance or triple beam balance to find the mass of an object
in grams or Kilograms.
Volume
The amount of space that matter takes up.
Examples: Popped popcorn has a higher volume
than unpopped popcorn.
Finding the volume of an irregular object
1. Observe and record the water level in graduated cylinder.
2. Drop your item into the graduated cylinder.
3. Record/observe the new water level.
4. Subtract the two water levels and you will find the item’s
volume in cm cubed or mL.
Volume of a regular shaped object
Multiply the length X width X height to find
volume.
Density
Density is the amount of mass in a given volume of matter.
It is a property of matter that compares an object's mass to
its volume.
When an object is less dense, it will float. When an object has
a higher density, it will sink.
States of matter
The form in which particles are arranged in different ways
and move.
Matter exists in three states-solid, liquid, and gas.
The phase changes is the process of matter in one phase
changing into another phase.
Solids
Particles in solids move the slowest.
A solid has a definite shape and takes up a definite amount of
space. Particles are close together and vibrate in place.
How a solid changes:
A solids heats up to become a liquid, and it gains energy.
Liquids
A liquid does not have a definite shape, but it takes up a
definite amount of space. Particles are arranged close
together, but not in a pattern. The particles slip and slide past
each other.
How a liquid changes:
A liquid cools off to become a solid, and it will lose its energy.
It heats up to become a gas, and gains energy.
Gas
Gas does NOT have a definite shape and does NOT take up
a definite amount of space. Particles in a gas are far apart
and move in all directions. Gas particles move the fastest out
of all the states of matter.
How gas changes:
When cooled off, a gas becomes a liquid. It will lose energy
once it becomes a liquid.
Energy and states of matter
When you apply heat, you are increasing the energy in a
state of matter.
When you take away heat and a state of matter cools off, it
loses energy.
Melting Point
Melting in the process/temperature of
changing a solid into a liquid.
Evaporation
Evaporation is the process of changing a liquid
into a gas
Example: Leaving a mixture of sugar and water
out in the sun. The water evaporates, and the
sugar is left over.
Condensation
Condensation is the process of changing a gas
into a liquid
Example:
In clouds, water evaporates as a gas and then
condenses into water droplets.
Freezing
Freezing is the process of changing a liquid into
a solid.
The freezing point of pure water is 0 degrees
Celsius.
Boiling Point
The boiling point of pure water is 100 degrees
Celsius.
The boiling point is the temperature at which a
substance changes from a liquid to a gas.
Mixture
A combination of 2 or more substances where
substances can be easily separated.
Example: Cheerios and gummy bears. You can
take out the gummy bears.
Solution
A solution is where one or more substances are dissolved in
another substance.
Example: salt and water mixed together. The salt will dissolve
into the water. In order to separate the salt from this solution,
let the water evaporate.
Filtration
Filtration is the process of separating substances
with a filter.
Example: Using a magnet to separate paper
clips from marbles.
Melting Point
The melting point is the temperature at which a substance
changes from a solid to a liquid.
Properties of Matter
A property is a characteristic of an object.
Matter can be measured by :
mass, weight, temperature, volume, size, and density
Properties that you can sense:
shape, color, texture, taste, state
Matter can also have a magnetic quality.