Name: __________________________________________
Period:________
Muscular System
Learning Targets:
I can describe parts of the muscular system and explain how they work together
I can name the three kinds of muscle tissue
I can list and explain some disorders that affect the muscular system
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Muscles
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Muscle is one of our 4 tissue types and muscle tissue combines with nerves, blood vessels,
and various connective tissues to perform movement.
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The human body has more than 600 muscles.
Muscle Functions
1. Movement
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Movement of body parts
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Movement of blood through the heart
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Movement of food
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Movement of the air in and out of the lungs
2. Body Temperature
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Generation of heat. Occurs by shivering – an involuntary contraction of skeletal
muscle.
3. Stabilization of joints
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Muscles keep the tendons that cross the joint nice and tight.
How Muscles Work
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They contract, or shorten and they extend, or lengthen.
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3 Types of Muscle Tissue
Muscle tissue responds to messages from the brain and contracts, or shortens, to cause movement.
Involuntary muscles move without your being aware of them. There are two types:
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Smooth muscles, which include the muscles of internal organs and blood vessels (ex.
Diaphragm, stomach, arteries, throat, eyes)
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Cardiac muscles, found only in the heart
Voluntary muscles are under your control.
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Skeletal muscles are voluntary or under your control.
(ex. Face muscles, tendons, biceps, triceps)
Skeletal Muscle
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Attached to bones by the tendons
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Work with the bones of the skeleton to allow you to move.
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You control skeletal muscles.
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Skeletal muscles make up about 40 percent of your body weight.
Smooth Muscle
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Found in various organs in the body, such as the stomach and intestines.
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You do not control these muscles. For example, once you have swallowed your food,
smooth muscles move it through the digestive system.
Smooth Muscle can be found in many body systems:
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Integumentary system
Respiratory system
Urinary system
Digestive system
Reproductive system
Cardiac Muscle
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Special type of muscle that is found only in the walls of the heart.