• Charles V’s vast empire was
• A well-knit political entity
• A diverse collection of states, each with its own
local laws but subject to the imperial constitution
• Held together by the powerful imperial
bureaucracy
• Held together only by the person of the emperor
• 1.Limited to holdings in Europe
• Charles V’s vast empire was
• A well-knit political entity
• A diverse collection of states, each with its own
local laws but subject to the imperial constitution
• Held together by the powerful imperial
bureaucracy
• Held together only by the person of the emperor
• 1.Limited to holdings in Europe
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Reformation broke out first in the cities of
Switzerland and Germany
Italy and Spain
Germany and France
England and Switzerland
England and Germany
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Reformation broke out first in the cities of
Switzerland and Germany
Italy and Spain
Germany and France
England and Switzerland
England and Germany
• 13th through 15th century lay religious
movements shared a common goal of
• a more complex understanding of God’s true
nature
• establishing a more authoritarian church to more
efficiently suppress heretics
• overthrowing the institution of the church
• establishing national churches throughout Europe
• religious simplicity in the imitation of Jesus
• 13th through 15th century lay religious
movements shared a common goal of
• a more complex understanding of God’s true
nature
• establishing a more authoritarian church to more
efficiently suppress heretics
• overthrowing the institution of the church
• establishing national churches throughout Europe
• religious simplicity in the imitation of Jesus
• Which of the following statements is UNTRUE of the
ideology and practice of the Brothers of the Common
Life?
• They were centered at Zwolle and Deventer in the
Netherlands
• All members were expected to take special religious
vows and to wear a special religious dress
• They fostered religious life outside of formal churches
• They embraced a lay religious life of prayer and study
without surrendering the world
• They stressed individual piety and practical religion
• Which of the following statements is UNTRUE of the
ideology and practice of the Brothers of the Common
Life?
• They were centered at Zwolle and Deventer in the
Netherlands
• All members were expected to take special religious
vows and to wear a special religious dress
• They fostered religious life outside of formal churches
• They embraced a lay religious life of prayer and study
without surrendering the world
• They stressed individual piety and practical religion
• . During the early 16th century the need for
reform within the Roman Catholic Church was
indicated by all of the following EXCEPT
• a. Clerical immorality
• b. the lack of education of the ordinary clergy
• c. the growth of The Brethren of the Common
Life
• d. the extravagant lifestyle of prelates and popes
• e. clerical pluralism
• . During the early 16th century the need for
reform within the Roman Catholic Church was
indicated by all of the following EXCEPT
• a. Clerical immorality
• b. the lack of education of the ordinary clergy
• c. the growth of The Brethren of the Common
Life
• d. the extravagant lifestyle of prelates and popes
• e. clerical pluralism
• .“Christians should be taught that he who gives to a
poor man or lends to a needy man does better than if
he used the money to buy an indulgence.”
• The writer summarized the philosophy of the Brother
of the Common Life in what became the most popular
religious book of the period, the Imitation of Christ
• Martin Luther
• Nicholas of Cusa
• Desiderius Erasmus
• Thomas a Kempis
• Hebraist Johannes Reuchlin
• .“Christians should be taught that he who gives to a
poor man or lends to a needy man does better than if
he used the money to buy an indulgence.”
• The writer summarized the philosophy of the Brother
of the Common Life in what became the most popular
religious book of the period, the Imitation of Christ
• Martin Luther
• Nicholas of Cusa
• Desiderius Erasmus
• Thomas a Kempis
• Hebraist Johannes Reuchlin
• .In the 14th and 15th centuries, mystics, such as
Meister Eckhart, Thomas a Kempis, and the
founder of the Brothers of the Common Faith,
Gerard Groote
• a. preached religion against the papacy
• b. stressed the importance of the sacraments
• c. land the foundations for Protestantism’s
personal approach to worship
• d. argue the necessity of adhering to dogma
• e. had a universal and popular appeal
• .In the 14th and 15th centuries, mystics, such as
Meister Eckhart, Thomas a Kempis, and the
founder of the Brothers of the Common Faith,
Gerard Groote
• a. preached religion against the papacy
• b. stressed the importance of the sacraments
• c. land the foundations for Protestantism’s
personal approach to worship
• d. argue the necessity of adhering to dogma
• e. had a universal and popular appeal
• The Brothers of the Common Life in the
Netherlands was
• A new monastic order founded in the wake of the
Council of Trent
• A monastery devoted to the preservation of
ancient manuscripts
• Dedicated to education and relief of the poor
• Founded by the Christian humanist Erasmus
• Condemned by the papacy
• The Brothers of the Common Life in the
Netherlands was
• A new monastic order founded in the wake of the
Council of Trent
• A monastery devoted to the preservation of
ancient manuscripts
• Dedicated to education and relief of the poor
• Founded by the Christian humanist Erasmus
• Condemned by the papacy
• The medieval church had always taught that
salvation was
• Dictated by God’s judgement
• A joint venture
• Only for priest and nuns
• Solely left to the individual
• Impossible and therefore one must constantly
repent
• The medieval church had always taught that
salvation was
• Dictated by God’s judgement
• A joint venture
• Only for priest and nuns
• Solely left to the individual
• Impossible and therefore one must constantly
repent
• During the Renaissance, which development
contributed most to the Protestant
Reformation?
• a. interest in Ancient Greece and Rome
• b.advances in mathematics and science
• c.questioning of traditional authority
• d.attention to realism and detail
• During the Renaissance, which development
contributed most to the Protestant
Reformation?
• a. interest in Ancient Greece and Rome
• b.advances in mathematics and science
• c.questioning of traditional authority
• d.attention to realism and detail
• In Western Europe, a major immediate effect of
the Reformation was a
• renewed domination of the Catholic Church over
the German states
• greater tolerance of religions other than
Christianity
• decrease in educational opportunities for the
middle class
• decline in religious unity and in the power of the
Catholic Church
• In Western Europe, a major immediate effect of
the Reformation was a
• renewed domination of the Catholic Church over
the German states
• greater tolerance of religions other than
Christianity
• decrease in educational opportunities for the
middle class
• decline in religious unity and in the power of the
Catholic Church
• Which was a result of the Protestant Reformation
in Europe?
• the Catholic Church accepted the dominance of
the new Protestant religions in Italy, France, and
Germany
• Spain became a predominately Protestant nation
• Catholic Church leaders refused to make any
changes in church practices
• the power of the Catholic Church in Europe was
weakened
• Which was a major result of the Reformation?
• new Christian denominations emerged
• religious teachings were no longer allowed in
the universities
• the Crusades were organized
• the power of the Pope was strengthened
• Which was a major result of the Reformation?
• new Christian denominations emerged
• religious teachings were no longer allowed in
the universities
• the Crusades were organized
• the power of the Pope was strengthened
• Which factor helped most to bring about the
Protestant Reformation?
• the Catholic clergy had lost faith in their religion
• Islam was attracting many converts in Western
Europe
• kings and princes in Northern Europe resented
the power of the Catholic Church
• the exploration of the Americas led to the
introduction of new religious ideas
• Which factor helped most to bring about the
Protestant Reformation?
• the Catholic clergy had lost faith in their religion
• Islam was attracting many converts in Western
Europe
• kings and princes in Northern Europe resented
the power of the Catholic Church
• the exploration of the Americas led to the
introduction of new religious ideas
• Which was a result of the Protestant Reformation
in Europe?
• the Catholic Church accepted the dominance of
the new Protestant religions in Italy, France, and
Germany
• Spain became a predominately Protestant nation
• Catholic Church leaders refused to make any
changes in church practices
• the power of the Catholic Church in Europe was
weakened
• The Protestant Reformation and the European
Renaissance were similar in that both
• discouraged the growth of strong monarchs
• encouraged people to question tradition
• were led by the military
• supported the return of the Roman Empire
• The Protestant Reformation and the European
Renaissance were similar in that both
• discouraged the growth of strong monarchs
• encouraged people to question tradition
• were led by the military
• supported the return of the Roman Empire
• The Protestant Reformation represents a
turning point in European history because it
• allowed religious reformers to escape
persecution
• standardized all religious writings
• ended religious unity in Western Europe
• forced most of Europe’s monarchs to become
Protestants
• The Protestant Reformation represents a
turning point in European history because it
• allowed religious reformers to escape
persecution
• standardized all religious writings
• ended religious unity in Western Europe
• forced most of Europe’s monarchs to become
Protestants
• The Protestant Reformation and the European
Renaissance were similar in that both
• discouraged the growth of strong monarchs
• encouraged people to question tradition
• were led by the military
• supported the return of the Roman Empire
• “Unless I am convinced by Scripture and plain reason... my
conscience is captive to the Word of God. I cannot and I will
hot recant anything, for to go against conscience is neither
right nor safe. Here I stand, I cannot do otherwise.”
• —Martin Luther, Diet of Worms (1517)
• When Martin Luther said “my conscience is captive to the
Word of God,” he was referring to his belief in
• the supremacy of the Bible over Church policies
• imprisoning those who disagreed with Church teachings
• maintaining the unity of the Church
• the need for nepotism
• “Unless I am convinced by Scripture and plain reason... my
conscience is captive to the Word of God. I cannot and I will
hot recant anything, for to go against conscience is neither
right nor safe. Here I stand, I cannot do otherwise.”
• —Martin Luther, Diet of Worms (1517)
• When Martin Luther said “my conscience is captive to the
Word of God,” he was referring to his belief in
• the supremacy of the Bible over Church policies
• imprisoning those who disagreed with Church teachings
• maintaining the unity of the Church
• the need for nepotism
• Martin Luther’s posting of the Ninety-Five Theses
is considered by many to be a turning point in
history because
• the Pope’s right to sell indulgences was
strengthened
• Luther soon became the leader of Germany
• the power of the Roman Catholic Church was
lessened and royal power grew
• the Roman Catholic Church unified the German
states
• Martin Luther’s posting of the Ninety-Five Theses
is considered by many to be a turning point in
history because
• the Pope’s right to sell indulgences was
strengthened
• Luther soon became the leader of Germany
• the power of the Roman Catholic Church was
lessened and royal power grew
• the Roman Catholic Church unified the German
states
• . Which of the following was NOT one of the problems
facing the Christian Church in the 16th century
• a. the Pope’s status as ruler of the Papal States
• b. its use of Latin in the mass and in the printed Bible
• c. an increasing literate population
• d. its inability to tend to the physical needs of the poor
• e. its inability to tend to the emotional and spiritual
needs of the population
• . Which of the following was NOT one of the problems
facing the Christian Church in the 16th century
• a. the Pope’s status as ruler of the Papal States
• b. its use of Latin in the mass and in the printed Bible
• c. an increasing literate population
• d. its inability to tend to the physical needs of the poor
• e. its inability to tend to the emotional and spiritual
needs of the population
• Which of the the following was NOT a reason that a
Protestant movement emerged?
• a. The Society of Jesus took up Luther’s cause
• b. Luther enjoyed the protection of some powerful
Protestant princes
• c. Luther’s students used the printing press to spread
Luther’s theology
• d. Peasants saw Luther’s theology as a justification for
their dissatisfaction
• e. The Church was slow to excommunicate Luther and
his followers
• Which of the the following was NOT a reason that a
Protestant movement emerged?
• a. The Society of Jesus took up Luther’s cause
• b. Luther enjoyed the protection of some powerful
Protestant princes
• c. Luther’s students used the printing press to spread
Luther’s theology
• d. Peasants saw Luther’s theology as a justification for
their dissatisfaction
• e. The Church was slow to excommunicate Luther and
his followers
• All of the following can be considered a long-term
cause of the Protestant Reformation EXCEPT
• a. the declining prestige of the papacy
• b. the German mystics who emphasized individual
communion with God
• c. The activities of the Jesuits
• d. The humanist accusation that the Church was losing
the substance of Christ’s message
• e. The corruption of the Roman Catholic Church during
the Renaissance
•
• All of the following can be considered a long-term
cause of the Protestant Reformation EXCEPT
• a. the declining prestige of the papacy
• b. the German mystics who emphasized individual
communion with God
• c. The activities of the Jesuits
• d. The humanist accusation that the Church was losing
the substance of Christ’s message
• e. The corruption of the Roman Catholic Church during
the Renaissance
•
• .“Like and army, it was ruled be a general who
was responsible directly to the pope. Its holy
soldiers practiced blind obedience, maintained
absolute faith, and willingly suffered extreme
hardship.” This passage describes
• a. The Inquisition
• b. The Diet of Worms
• c. The Society of Jesus
• d. The Index of Prohibited Books
• e. The papacy
• .“Like and army, it was ruled be a general who
was responsible directly to the pope. Its holy
soldiers practiced blind obedience, maintained
absolute faith, and willingly suffered extreme
hardship.” This passage describes
• a. The Inquisition
• b. The Diet of Worms
• c. The Society of Jesus
• d. The Index of Prohibited Books
• e. The papacy
• The Jesuits
• a. became involved in the education of
Catholic children
• b. served as advisors to Catholic kings
• c. rooted out heresy through press censorship
• d. converted “heathens” through missionary
work
• e. all of the above
• The Jesuits
• a. became involved in the education of
Catholic children
• b. served as advisors to Catholic kings
• c. rooted out heresy through press censorship
• d. converted “heathens” through missionary
work
• e. all of the above
• In “The Freedom of the Christian Man”(1520), Martin
Luther
• Called for people to rise up against an unjust social system
• Appealed to the German princes’ desire for both greater
unity and power and to their desire to be free from the
control of an Italian pop
• Established the principle of “whoever rules; his religion”
• Encouraged common men to obey their Christian
conscience and respect those in authority who seemed to
possess true Christian principles
• e. All of the above
• In “The Freedom of the Christian Man”(1520), Martin
Luther
• Called for people to rise up against an unjust social system
• Appealed to the German princes’ desire for both greater
unity and power and to their desire to be free from the
control of an Italian pop
• Established the principle of “whoever rules; his religion”
• Encouraged common men to obey their Christian
conscience and respect those in authority who seemed to
possess true Christian principles
• e. All of the above
• All of the following are basic theological beliefs of
Martin Luther EXCEPT
• Salvation is attainable by faith alone
• Scripture is the only guide to knowledge of God
• The Church hierarchy was unwarranted and
harmful
• Good works are essential to salvation
• All who have faith can and should read the Bible
• All of the following are basic theological beliefs of
Martin Luther EXCEPT
• Salvation is attainable by faith alone
• Scripture is the only guide to knowledge of God
• The Church hierarchy was unwarranted and
harmful
• Good works are essential to salvation
• All who have faith can and should read the Bible
• The Church practice that spurred Luther to revolt
was
• Simony-buying or selling church offices
• Indulgences-forgiveness of sin or escape from
purgatory in exchange for a monetary “gift”
• Absenteeism-clergymen who did not live in their
dioceses
• Nepotism-giving church positions to relatives
• e. Pluralism-holding more than one church
position at the same time
• The Church practice that spurred Luther to revolt
was
• Simony-buying or selling church offices
• Indulgences-forgiveness of sin or escape from
purgatory in exchange for a monetary “gift”
• Absenteeism-clergymen who did not live in their
dioceses
• Nepotism-giving church positions to relatives
• e. Pluralism-holding more than one church
position at the same time
• Probably, the biggest factor in the spread of
Luther’s ideas was
• The fact that he wrote in German rather than
in Latin
• His marriage to a former nun
• The support he got from the German nobility
• The printing press
• His great faith
• Probably, the biggest factor in the spread of
Luther’s ideas was
• The fact that he wrote in German rather than
in Latin
• His marriage to a former nun
• The support he got from the German nobility
• The printing press
• His great faith
• Luther’s decision to marry Katherine Von Bora was an
example of
• The means by which Luther reached the decision to
challenge the Church on the issue of the sacraments
• How clergy could misinterpret Catholic
• A personal decision that involved no religious
principles
• The changing role of the clergy in Protestant churches
• How traditional matchmaking remained significant in
rural German communities
• Luther’s decision to marry Katherine Von Bora was an
example of
• The means by which Luther reached the decision to
challenge the Church on the issue of the sacraments
• How clergy could misinterpret Catholic
• A personal decision that involved no religious
principles
• The changing role of the clergy in Protestant churches
• How traditional matchmaking remained significant in
rural German communities
• Martin Luther attended the Diet of Worms
without losing his life because
• He possessed a sizable army
• He was protected by the Elector of Saxony
• He thought the Catholic Church would support
his ideas
• He enjoyed the support of the Holy Roman
Emperor
• e. He went in disguise
• Martin Luther attended the Diet of Worms
without losing his life because
• He possessed a sizable army
• He was protected by the Elector of Saxony
• He thought the Catholic Church would support
his ideas
• He enjoyed the support of the Holy Roman
Emperor
• e. He went in disguise
• Salvation by faith alone, the ministry of all
believers, and the authority of the Bible are
principles basic to
• (A) the Christian humanism of Erasmus
• (B) the Church of England
• (C) Catholicism after the Council of Trent
• (D) Lutheranism in the early sixteenth century
• (E) the Society of Jesus (Jesuit order)
• Salvation by faith alone, the ministry of all
believers, and the authority of the Bible are
principles basic to
• (A) the Christian humanism of Erasmus
• (B) the Church of England
• (C) Catholicism after the Council of Trent
• (D) Lutheranism in the early sixteenth century
• (E) the Society of Jesus (Jesuit order)
•
• Which of the following most accurately states Martin
Luther’s basic religious belief as a leader of the
Protestant Reformation?
• (A) Monasticism is the highest calling.
• (B) Personal works matter more than beliefs.
• (C) Faith is the key to salvation.
• (D) Christians are hot subject to secular authority.
• (E) Christians should show tolerance toward other
faiths.
•
• Which of the following most accurately states Martin
Luther’s basic religious belief as a leader of the
Protestant Reformation?
• (A) Monasticism is the highest calling.
• (B) Personal works matter more than beliefs.
• (C) Faith is the key to salvation.
• (D) Christians are hot subject to secular authority.
• (E) Christians should show tolerance toward other
faiths.
• Martin Luther’s response to the German Peasants’ War
of 1524-1525 demonstrated his
• (A) ignorance of the economic plight of the peasantry
• (B) emphasis on the social aspects of Christ’s teaching
• (C) refusal to comment on social or political issues
• (D) belief in the necessity of a unified German
• (E) support of the prevailing social and political order
• Martin Luther’s response to the German Peasants’ War
of 1524-1525 demonstrated his
• (A) ignorance of the economic plight of the peasantry
• (B) emphasis on the social aspects of Christ’s teaching
• (C) refusal to comment on social or political issues
• (D) belief in the necessity of a unified German
• (E) support of the prevailing social and political order
• Which of the following beliefs was central to
Martin Luther's religious philosophy?
• (A) Salvation by faith alone
• (B) Saints as intermediaries between the
individual Christian and God
• (C) The sacrament of penance
• (D) The priesthood defined as distinct from the
laity
• (E) The equality of men and women
• Which of the following beliefs was central to
Martin Luther's religious philosophy?
• (A) Salvation by faith alone
• (B) Saints as intermediaries between the
individual Christian and God
• (C) The sacrament of penance
• (D) The priesthood defined as distinct from the
laity
• (E) The equality of men and women
• . Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses were a
call for
• a. religious revolt against the German princes
• b. reforms within the Roman Catholic Church
• c. greater papal authority
• d. crusades to spread Christianity
•
• . Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses were a
call for
• a. religious revolt against the German princes
• b. reforms within the Roman Catholic Church
• c. greater papal authority
• d. crusades to spread Christianity
•
• . Lutheranism was introduced into Denmark
by
• King Gustavus Vasa
• King Gustavus Vasa II
• King Thorfinn II
• King Christian I
• King Christian III
• . Lutheranism was introduced into Denmark
by
• King Gustavus Vasa
• King Gustavus Vasa II
• King Thorfinn II
• King Christian I
• King Christian III
• . In the mid-16th century, this German city
became a refuge for persecuted Protestants
and the center of Lutheran resisitance
• Munich
• Wittenburg
• Berlin
• Madgeburg
• e. Cologne
• . In the mid-16th century, this German city
became a refuge for persecuted Protestants
and the center of Lutheran resisitance
• Munich
• Wittenburg
• Berlin
• Madgeburg
• e. Cologne
• The Freedom of a Christian , written by Marin
Luther, summarized the new teaching of
salvation
• By faith alone
• As the unattainable goal
• For men only
• Through prayer
• Through pious actions
• The Freedom of a Christian , written by Marin
Luther, summarized the new teaching of
salvation
• By faith alone
• As the unattainable goal
• For men only
• Through prayer
• Through pious actions
• When German peasants revolted in 15241525, the won the support of
• Martin Luther
• John Calvin
• The merchant class
• The pope
• None of these groups
• When German peasants revolted in 15241525, the won the support of
• Martin Luther
• John Calvin
• The merchant class
• The pope
• None of these groups
•
•
•
•
. An indulgence was
A payment to obtain an office in Church
A payment from a monarch to the Church
A remission of the temporal penalty imposed on
penitents by pries as work of satisfaction for their
confessed sins
• Forgiveness given by the pope exclusively to
Protestants in order to entice them back to the
Church
• A punishment meted out by the pope to heretics
•
•
•
•
. An indulgence was
A payment to obtain an office in Church
A payment from a monarch to the Church
A remission of the temporal penalty imposed on
penitents by pries as work of satisfaction for their
confessed sins
• Forgiveness given by the pope exclusively to
Protestants in order to entice them back to the
Church
• A punishment meted out by the pope to heretics
• Luther’s 95 theses
• Earned him a position teaching at Wittenburg
University
• Had little impact
• Sparked the Reformation in Germany
• Focused on the issue of the buying and selling of
Church offices
• Expressed his belief that salvation could be
bought and sold
• Luther’s 95 theses
• Earned him a position teaching at Wittenburg
University
• Had little impact
• Sparked the Reformation in Germany
• Focused on the issue of the buying and selling of
Church offices
• Expressed his belief that salvation could be
bought and sold
• .In Luther’s Address to the Christian Nobility of
the German Nation, he urged the German princes
to
• Allow the Roman church to retain its political and
economic power in Germany
• Remain obedient to Church leaders
• Embrace the Modern Devotion order
• Force reforms on the Roman Catholic Church
• Embrace the Dominican order
• .In Luther’s Address to the Christian Nobility of
the German Nation, he urged the German princes
to
• Allow the Roman church to retain its political and
economic power in Germany
• Remain obedient to Church leaders
• Embrace the Modern Devotion order
• Force reforms on the Roman Catholic Church
• Embrace the Dominican order
•
•
•
•
•
•
Martin Luther
Was the son of a successful miner
Had no formal training in theology
Was a diplomat in the court of Charles V
Believed that marriage was un-Christian
Was pledged to the Church at an early age
•
•
•
•
•
•
Martin Luther
Was the son of a successful miner
Had no formal training in theology
Was a diplomat in the court of Charles V
Believed that marriage was un-Christian
Was pledged to the Church at an early age
• Salvation by faith and faith alone” is a major
tenet first adopted by
• Calvinism
• Lutheranism
• Catholicism
• Anglicanism
• Anabaptism
• Salvation by faith and faith alone” is a major
tenet first adopted by
• Calvinism
• Lutheranism
• Catholicism
• Anglicanism
• Anabaptism
• .In his On Christian Liberty, Luther used the
term “freedom” to mean
• Freedom from poverty
• Political liberty
• Freedom from the Roman Catholic Church
• Freedom from any type of servile situation
• Freedom from taxes
• .In his On Christian Liberty, Luther used the
term “freedom” to mean
• Freedom from poverty
• Political liberty
• Freedom from the Roman Catholic Church
• Freedom from any type of servile situation
• Freedom from taxes
• .Luther’s political conservatism is revealed in
which of the following?
• His preference for political order over social
justice
• His willing acceptance of the support of the
German princes
• His condemnation of the Peasants’ War
• His support for the extermination of the Munster
Commune
• All of these
• .Luther’s political conservatism is revealed in
which of the following?
• His preference for political order over social
justice
• His willing acceptance of the support of the
German princes
• His condemnation of the Peasants’ War
• His support for the extermination of the Munster
Commune
• All of these
• Which of the following was NOT a reason for the
rapid spread of Lutheranism in the 1520s and
1530s?
• The rise of dissenting sects
• The conversion of the princes of Northern
Germany
• Charles V’s involvement in foreign wars
• The failure of the Pope to call a church council
• e. Popular resentment in Germany against Rome
• Which of the following was NOT a reason for the
rapid spread of Lutheranism in the 1520s and
1530s?
• The rise of dissenting sects
• The conversion of the princes of Northern
Germany
• Charles V’s involvement in foreign wars
• The failure of the Pope to call a church council
• e. Popular resentment in Germany against Rome
• Which of the following is NOT a major tenet of
Lutheranism?
• Salvation by faith and faith only
• The Bible is the final authority for Christian
Doctrine
• Absolution from sin comes only through the
grace of God
• Baptism is the only valid sacrament
• Only the inner grace of God, not indulgences or
absolution, can free one from sin
• Which of the following is NOT a major tenet of
Lutheranism?
• Salvation by faith and faith only
• The Bible is the final authority for Christian
Doctrine
• Absolution from sin comes only through the
grace of God
• Baptism is the only valid sacrament
• Only the inner grace of God, not indulgences or
absolution, can free one from sin
• .What was the initial reaction of Pope Leo X to
the posting of Luther’s 95 Theses?
• He declared Luther to be a heretic
• He immediately summoned Luther to Rome
• He recalled Tetzel from Germany in order to have
him stop selling indulgences
• He declared that Luther’s action was a significant
threat to the unity of the Church
• He claimed he was not interested in a squabble
among monks
• .What was the initial reaction of Pope Leo X to
the posting of Luther’s 95 Theses?
• He declared Luther to be a heretic
• He immediately summoned Luther to Rome
• He recalled Tetzel from Germany in order to have
him stop selling indulgences
• He declared that Luther’s action was a significant
threat to the unity of the Church
• He claimed he was not interested in a squabble
among monks
• .Which of the following best describes Luther’s position on
the social questions of his day?
• He wanted to see marked improvements in the lives of the
peasantry
• He was deeply concerned about these questions, but
feared antagonizing his aristocratic supporters
• He was a deeply conservative man who did not want to
upset the traditional social order
• He feared that his religious reforms would fail unless they
were combined with a program to address social concerns
• e.
He blamed the Catholic Church for maintaining a
spiritual as well as a social hierarchy
• .Which of the following best describes Luther’s position on
the social questions of his day?
• He wanted to see marked improvements in the lives of the
peasantry
• He was deeply concerned about these questions, but
feared antagonizing his aristocratic supporters
• He was a deeply conservative man who did not want to
upset the traditional social order
• He feared that his religious reforms would fail unless they
were combined with a program to address social concerns
• e.
He blamed the Catholic Church for maintaining a
spiritual as well as a social hierarchy
• Expectations for the 16th century Protestant
family were influenced by
• The doctrine of salvation by grace alone
• Changes in land-holding patterns by German
peasants
• Protestant emphasis on primogeniture
• Martin Luther’s decision to marry and start a
family
• Women who led Anabaptist congregations
• Expectations for the 16th century Protestant
family were influenced by
• The doctrine of salvation by grace alone
• Changes in land-holding patterns by German
peasants
• Protestant emphasis on primogeniture
• Martin Luther’s decision to marry and start a
family
• Women who led Anabaptist congregations
• . The revolt of the German peasants kin 1525 was
caused by all of the following EXCEPT
• Economic distress of the German peasants
• Increasing restrictions on the independence of the
German peasantry
• Martin Luther’s call for a “priesthood of all believers”
• Encouragement by the Catholic Church for the
peasants to rebel against Protestant nobles
• e. The loss of hunting and fishing rights that had been
taken by the nobles
• . The revolt of the German peasants kin 1525 was
caused by all of the following EXCEPT
• Economic distress of the German peasants
• Increasing restrictions on the independence of the
German peasantry
• Martin Luther’s call for a “priesthood of all believers”
• Encouragement by the Catholic Church for the
peasants to rebel against Protestant nobles
• e. The loss of hunting and fishing rights that had been
taken by the nobles
• Which of the following was part of Luther’s theology?
• A belief in the need to create a Protestant Church
• The notion that nature could serve as a guide to
salvation
• The ideal that salvation came only through the grace of
God
• The assertion that charitable works were necessary to
go to heaven
• The belief that the poor should be given more social
and political power
• Which of the following was part of Luther’s theology?
• A belief in the need to create a Protestant Church
• The notion that nature could serve as a guide to
salvation
• The ideal that salvation came only through the grace of
God
• The assertion that charitable works were necessary to
go to heaven
• The belief that the poor should be given more social
and political power
• Which of the following was a tenet of Martin
Luther’s theology
• Salvation through good works
• Church tradition as a source of knowledge
about God
• Predestiniation
• Millenarianism
• Salvation by faith alone
• Which of the following was a tenet of Martin
Luther’s theology
• Salvation through good works
• Church tradition as a source of knowledge
about God
• Predestiniation
• Millenarianism
• Salvation by faith alone
• Probably, the major attraction of Calvinism for
French nobles was
• A desire fro religious freedom
• A form of revolt against the strongly Catholic
monarchy
• The Calvinist bent toward hard work and
monetary reward
• Fundamental disagreements with the Catholic
Church
• The fact that Calvin was French by birth
• Probably, the major attraction of Calvinism for
French nobles was
• A desire fro religious freedom
• A form of revolt against the strongly Catholic
monarchy
• The Calvinist bent toward hard work and
monetary reward
• Fundamental disagreements with the Catholic
Church
• The fact that Calvin was French by birth
• . Calvinism spread to all the following are
EXCEPT
• English settlers in the northern British colonies
in North America
• Scotland
• The Scandinavian states
• The northern Netherlands
• e.
The French nobility
• . Calvinism spread to all the following are
EXCEPT
• English settlers in the northern British colonies
in North America
• Scotland
• The Scandinavian states
• The northern Netherlands
• e.
The French nobility
• . A difference between the teachings of Martin
Luther and those of John Calvin centered
around
• The idea of salvation by faith alone
• The doctrine of predestination
• Disregard for most of the sacraments
• Reliance on scripture
• Services in the vernacular
• . A difference between the teachings of Martin
Luther and those of John Calvin centered
around
• The idea of salvation by faith alone
• The doctrine of predestination
• Disregard for most of the sacraments
• Reliance on scripture
• Services in the vernacular
• Religious reformer Zwingli and others like him
destroyed church art on the grounds that it
• Was not mentioned in scripture
• Detracted from proper prayer and meditiation
• Mixed mythology with religion
• Used colors that were too vibrant and was
thus considered “sinful”
• Misinterpreted figures and stories in the Bible
• Religious reformer Zwingli and others like him
destroyed church art on the grounds that it
• Was not mentioned in scripture
• Detracted from proper prayer and meditiation
• Mixed mythology with religion
• Used colors that were too vibrant and was
thus considered “sinful”
• Misinterpreted figures and stories in the Bible
• . John Calvin’s doctrine of predestination refers
primarily to the ideas that
• Only the “elect”, God’s chosen were destined for
Heaven
• God selected roles for individuals before they
were born
• Protestants were destined to overtake Catholics
• God selected special people to be ministers
• Societies should be theocracies, ruled by the
religious leaders
• . John Calvin’s doctrine of predestination refers
primarily to the ideas that
• Only the “elect”, God’s chosen were destined for
Heaven
• God selected roles for individuals before they
were born
• Protestants were destined to overtake Catholics
• God selected special people to be ministers
• Societies should be theocracies, ruled by the
religious leaders
• .Calvin differed form Luther by stressing which
theological doctrine?
• The right of the clergy to marry
• The Bible as the ultimate authority for Christian
doctrine
• The concept of predestination
• The effect of “good works” in winning personal
salvation
• The rejection of all byt tow of the sacraments
• .Calvin differed form Luther by stressing which
theological doctrine?
• The right of the clergy to marry
• The Bible as the ultimate authority for Christian
doctrine
• The concept of predestination
• The effect of “good works” in winning personal
salvation
• The rejection of all byt tow of the sacraments
• . “The church is not subordinate to the state, but rather
must be ruled according to God’s plan. The chosen few
should not only govern the church but also the state.”
An adherent of what religious group is likely to have
believed this in the 16th century?
• Lutheran
• Calvinist
• Roman Catholic
• Millennarian
• Anabapist
• . “The church is not subordinate to the state, but rather
must be ruled according to God’s plan. The chosen few
should not only govern the church but also the state.”
An adherent of what religious group is likely to have
believed this in the 16th century?
• Lutheran
• Calvinist
• Roman Catholic
• Millennarian
• Anabapist
• . On of Calvin’s central ideas in The Institutes
of Christian Religion was that
• The Church was subordinate to the state
• All Christian sect should be tolerated
• “man is the measure of all things”
• Calvinism should be confined to the theocratic
city of Geneva
• Salvation is predestined
• . On of Calvin’s central ideas in The Institutes
of Christian Religion was that
• The Church was subordinate to the state
• All Christian sect should be tolerated
• “man is the measure of all things”
• Calvinism should be confined to the theocratic
city of Geneva
• Salvation is predestined
• Which of the following were part of the
structure of Calvinist communities?
• Pastors
• Doctors
• Deacons
• Elders
• All of the above
• Which of the following were part of the
structure of Calvinist communities?
• Pastors
• Doctors
• Deacons
• Elders
• All of the above
• The theology of Calvin differs from Luther’s in which of
the following ways?
• The belief that scripture alone is the guide to salvation
• The belief that salvation is earned by faith alone
• The belief that the church hierarchy is unwarranted
and harmful
• The belief that some have been predestined for
salvation
• The belief that the Bible should be printed in the
vernacular
• The theology of Calvin differs from Luther’s in which of
the following ways?
• The belief that scripture alone is the guide to salvation
• The belief that salvation is earned by faith alone
• The belief that the church hierarchy is unwarranted
and harmful
• The belief that some have been predestined for
salvation
• The belief that the Bible should be printed in the
vernacular
• Which of the following is particular to Calivinist
theology
• Salvation is achieved through faith alone
• Scripture is the only reliable guide to salvation
• The Church must not be hierarchical nature
• Some souls have been predestined for salvation
• e. The Bible should be printed in the vernacular
• Which of the following is particular to Calivinist
theology
• Salvation is achieved through faith alone
• Scripture is the only reliable guide to salvation
• The Church must not be hierarchical nature
• Some souls have been predestined for salvation
• e. The Bible should be printed in the vernacular
• . The most inclusive and influential of the
early Protestant reformers was
• Luther
• Zwingli
• Calvin
• John Knox
• Michael Servetus
• . The most inclusive and influential of the
early Protestant reformers was
• Luther
• Zwingli
• Calvin
• John Knox
• Michael Servetus
• . The main contribution of the religious
reformer Zwingli was
• Services in the vernacular
• The concept of salvation
• Removal of art, decoration, and music from
the church and service
• Marriage of the clergy
• Congregational government
• . The main contribution of the religious
reformer Zwingli was
• Services in the vernacular
• The concept of salvation
• Removal of art, decoration, and music from
the church and service
• Marriage of the clergy
• Congregational government
•
•
•
•
•
•
Calivinism spread to all these areas EXCEPT
North American British colonies
Scotland
Paris
Holland
South Africa
•
•
•
•
•
•
Calivinism spread to all these areas EXCEPT
North American British colonies
Scotland
Paris
Holland
South Africa
• .John Calivin argued in his book, Institutes of the
Christian Religion, that
• Grace could not be achieved without good works
• Grace was bestowed on few individuals, and the rest
are destined for hell
• Salvation was the one topic that he could not fully
explore because God’s will in that area could never be
known
• Grace was available to all who had faith
• e. Salvation was a sign of a compact between God and
man
• .John Calivin argued in his book, Institutes of the
Christian Religion, that
• Grace could not be achieved without good works
• Grace was bestowed on few individuals, and the rest
are destined for hell
• Salvation was the one topic that he could not fully
explore because God’s will in that area could never be
known
• Grace was available to all who had faith
• e. Salvation was a sign of a compact between God and
man
• After the a radical beginning marked by violence,
Anabaptist communities
• Fell apart after the execution of their leaders
• Lost interest in the Reformation when they
realized that Luther did not agree with them
• Turned their attention inward, rejecting violence
and the influence of outsiders
• Attacked the ideas of the Mennonites
• e. Fled to England where there was religious
toleration
• After the a radical beginning marked by violence,
Anabaptist communities
• Fell apart after the execution of their leaders
• Lost interest in the Reformation when they
realized that Luther did not agree with them
• Turned their attention inward, rejecting violence
and the influence of outsiders
• Attacked the ideas of the Mennonites
• e. Fled to England where there was religious
toleration
• Anabaptists believed in adult baptism based
on
• Their reading of the New Testament
• The teachings of Martin Luther
• Conjecture on the wishes of the apostles
• Catholic teachings
• e. Medieval tradition
• Anabaptists believed in adult baptism based
on
• Their reading of the New Testament
• The teachings of Martin Luther
• Conjecture on the wishes of the apostles
• Catholic teachings
• e. Medieval tradition
• Martin Luther and Heinrich Zwingli broke over
the question of
• salvation by faith
• the primacy of the Scriptures
• the role of the clergy
• Jesus’s presence in the mass
• Infant baptism
• Martin Luther and Heinrich Zwingli broke over
the question of
• salvation by faith
• the primacy of the Scriptures
• the role of the clergy
• Jesus’s presence in the mass
• Infant baptism
• . The teachings of which of the following had the
greatest impact on the Reformation in Scotland?
•
• (A) Ignatius of Loyola
• (B) John Calvin
• (C) Martin Luther
• (D) Desiderius Erasmus
• (E) Ulrich Zwingli
• . The teachings of which of the following had the
greatest impact on the Reformation in Scotland?
•
• (A) Ignatius of Loyola
• (B) John Calvin
• (C) Martin Luther
• (D) Desiderius Erasmus
• (E) Ulrich Zwingli
• . A major difference between Calvinism and
Lutheranism relates to
• (A) clerical marriage
• (B) the place of women in society
• (C) emphasis on predestination
• (D) infant baptism
• (E) monasticism
•
• . A major difference between Calvinism and
Lutheranism relates to
• (A) clerical marriage
• (B) the place of women in society
• (C) emphasis on predestination
• (D) infant baptism
• (E) monasticism
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
. The Reformation in Zurich was led by
Ulrich Zwingli
Philip III
John Calvin
Martin Luther
Blaise Pascal
•
•
•
•
•
•
. The Reformation in Zurich was led by
Ulrich Zwingli
Philip III
John Calvin
Martin Luther
Blaise Pascal
• What was the primary theological point of
contention between Luther and Zwingli?
• Power exercised by the Roman church
• Support for the existence of God
• Support for infant baptism
• The role of priests in salvation
• The “presence” of Christ in the Eucharist
• What was the primary theological point of
contention between Luther and Zwingli?
• Power exercised by the Roman church
• Support for the existence of God
• Support for infant baptism
• The role of priests in salvation
• The “presence” of Christ in the Eucharist
• . Anabaptists are the 16th century ancestors of
which of the following modern groups
• Baptists
• Mormons
• Amish
• Lutherans
• Jesuits
• . Anabaptists are the 16th century ancestors of
which of the following modern groups
• Baptists
• Mormons
• Amish
• Lutherans
• Jesuits
• . Anabaptism desired
• An immediate end to the practice of adult baptism
• The imposition of a strict social hierarchy based on
gender
• A rapid and thorough implementation of Apostolic
Christianity
• An immediate end to the practice of baptism for
everyone, child and adult
• The infusion of Gnostic principles into European
Christianity
• . Anabaptism desired
• An immediate end to the practice of adult baptism
• The imposition of a strict social hierarchy based on
gender
• A rapid and thorough implementation of Apostolic
Christianity
• An immediate end to the practice of baptism for
everyone, child and adult
• The infusion of Gnostic principles into European
Christianity
• The Peace of Augsburg
• a. ended the war between the Church and the
Protestant princes
• b. established Henry VIII’s right to establish the Church
of England
• c. established Geneva as the stronghold of Calvinism
• d. unified the German principalities under the Holy
Roman Empire
• e. established the principle fo “he who rules: his
religion”
• The Peace of Augsburg
• a. ended the war between the Church and the
Protestant princes
• b. established Henry VIII’s right to establish the Church
of England
• c. established Geneva as the stronghold of Calvinism
• d. unified the German principalities under the Holy
Roman Empire
• e. established the principle fo “he who rules: his
religion”
• . The uprising and subsequent repression of the
Anabaptists illustrates all of the following EXCEPT
• a. the poorer classes understood the teachings of
Protestantism to mean that the existing social hierarchy
should be overthrown
• b. the Catholic Church still had the power to crush its
opposition
• c. Property-owning Protestant reformers were not looking
to reform the social order
• d. the poorer classes linked Protestant theology with
millenarianism
• e. Protestantism was a movement that encompassed many
different, and sometimes opposing views
• . The uprising and subsequent repression of the
Anabaptists illustrates all of the following EXCEPT
• a. the poorer classes understood the teachings of
Protestantism to mean that the existing social hierarchy
should be overthrown
• b. the Catholic Church still had the power to crush its
opposition
• c. Property-owning Protestant reformers were not looking
to reform the social order
• d. the poorer classes linked Protestant theology with
millenarianism
• e. Protestantism was a movement that encompassed many
different, and sometimes opposing views
• . One of the tenets of Protestantism as stated
in the Confession of Augsburg was that
religious authority rests with
• a. the pope
• b. the Bible
• c. the Ecumenical Councils
• d. the Holy Roman Emperor
• e. the German princes
• . One of the tenets of Protestantism as stated
in the Confession of Augsburg was that
religious authority rests with
• a. the pope
• b. the Bible
• c. the Ecumenical Councils
• d. the Holy Roman Emperor
• e. the German princes
• . Major Protestant and Roman Catholic leaders of the
16th century condemned the Anabaptists because
Anabaptists
• a. rejected the Bible as the source of the religious truth
• b. favored government enforcement of morality
• c. advocated a complete separation of church and state
• d. restored the privileges of the clergy
• e. tried to reconcile Protestant and Catholic teachings
• . Major Protestant and Roman Catholic leaders of the
16th century condemned the Anabaptists because
Anabaptists
• a. rejected the Bible as the source of the religious truth
• b. favored government enforcement of morality
• c. advocated a complete separation of church and state
• d. restored the privileges of the clergy
• e. tried to reconcile Protestant and Catholic teachings
• The leaders of the Protestant Reformation have
been divided by some contemporary Reformation
historians into a “right wing” and a “left wing.” Of
the following, who is the only one who may be
said to belong to the left?
• a. Martin Luther
• b. John Knox
• c. Philipp Melanchthon
• d. Thomas Munzer
• e. John Calvin
• The leaders of the Protestant Reformation have
been divided by some contemporary Reformation
historians into a “right wing” and a “left wing.” Of
the following, who is the only one who may be
said to belong to the left?
• a. Martin Luther
• b. John Knox
• c. Philipp Melanchthon
• d. Thomas Munzer
• e. John Calvin
• The response of the Roman Catholic Church to the
Protestant Reformation included all of the following
EXCEPT
• a. abolition of the index of Prohibited Books
• b. the establishment of the Society of Jesus(Jesuit
order)
• c. the convening of the Council of Trent
• d. the founding of women’s orders active in education
and care of the sick
• e. an increase in the number of parish grammar
schools
• The response of the Roman Catholic Church to the
Protestant Reformation included all of the following
EXCEPT
• a. abolition of the index of Prohibited Books
• b. the establishment of the Society of Jesus(Jesuit
order)
• c. the convening of the Council of Trent
• d. the founding of women’s orders active in education
and care of the sick
• e. an increase in the number of parish grammar
schools
• . The term Dissenters
• a. refers to all Protestants who deny that good
works can earn salvation
• b. refers to the Anabaptists
• c. refers to English Protestants
• d. refers to those who refused to sign the Peace
of Augsburg
• e. refers to English Protestants who refused to
join the Church of England
• . The term Dissenters
• a. refers to all Protestants who deny that good
works can earn salvation
• b. refers to the Anabaptists
• c. refers to English Protestants
• d. refers to those who refused to sign the Peace
of Augsburg
• e. refers to English Protestants who refused to
join the Church of England
• . Which of the following resulted from the English
Reformation?
• (A) Immediate wholesale persecution of Catholics in
England
• (B) Establishment of the English monarch as head of the
Church of England
• (C) The pope’s naming of Henry VIII as “Defender of the
Faith”
• (D) Papal recognition of the English church as
independent, but still affiliated with
•
Rome
• (E) A revolt by members of the English aristocracy
opposed to the Reformation
• . Which of the following resulted from the English
Reformation?
• (A) Immediate wholesale persecution of Catholics in
England
• (B) Establishment of the English monarch as head of the
Church of England
• (C) The pope’s naming of Henry VIII as “Defender of the
Faith”
• (D) Papal recognition of the English church as
independent, but still affiliated with
•
Rome
• (E) A revolt by members of the English aristocracy
opposed to the Reformation
• . England did not accept the Gregorian calendar of
1582 until the middle of the 18th century primarily
because
• English astronomers disagreed with the math behind it
• Protestants refused to accept a “Catholic” calendar
• The old Julian calendar fit better with English tradition
• The King and Parliament could not agree
• All of the above are true
• . England did not accept the Gregorian calendar of
1582 until the middle of the 18th century primarily
because
• English astronomers disagreed with the math behind it
• Protestants refused to accept a “Catholic” calendar
• The old Julian calendar fit better with English tradition
• The King and Parliament could not agree
• All of the above are true
• During the reign of Edward VI-Henry VIII’s only
surviving son- England
• Continued to reject Protestantism in favor of
Catholicism
• Focused primarily on foreign disputes to limit the
domestic impact of religious toleration
• Became a center of religious toleration
• Maintained the Church of England as it had been
established under Henry VIII
• Witnessed the introduction of Protestant ideas into the
Church of England
• During the reign of Edward VI-Henry VIII’s only
surviving son- England
• Continued to reject Protestantism in favor of
Catholicism
• Focused primarily on foreign disputes to limit the
domestic impact of religious toleration
• Became a center of religious toleration
• Maintained the Church of England as it had been
established under Henry VIII
• Witnessed the introduction of Protestant ideas into the
Church of England
• Sir Thomas More accepted martyrdom at the
hands of Henry VIII because
• He would not swear the Oath of Supremacy
• He thought this would convince Henry of the
errors of his ways
• Erasmus convinced him that it was correct to
seek martyrdom
• He was already deathly ill
• He could not imagine any sort of criticism fo the
Catholic Church
• Sir Thomas More accepted martyrdom at the
hands of Henry VIII because
• He would not swear the Oath of Supremacy
• He thought this would convince Henry of the
errors of his ways
• Erasmus convinced him that it was correct to
seek martyrdom
• He was already deathly ill
• He could not imagine any sort of criticism fo the
Catholic Church
• The Church of England as initially established
by Henry VIII in 1536 was
• Closely tied to Lutheranism
• Fundamentally Calivinist
• Dominated by the concept of salvation by
faith alone
• Torn by religious skepticism
• e. Tied to traditional Catholic practices
• The Church of England as initially established
by Henry VIII in 1536 was
• Closely tied to Lutheranism
• Fundamentally Calivinist
• Dominated by the concept of salvation by
faith alone
• Torn by religious skepticism
• e. Tied to traditional Catholic practices
• The Anglican Church, as created by Henry VIII,
differed fro other Protestant churches in that
it
• was congregational
• remained loyal to Rome
• had an episcopal structure
• broke with Rome
• abolished the sacraments
• The Anglican Church, as created by Henry VIII,
differed fro other Protestant churches in that
it
• was congregational
• remained loyal to Rome
• had an episcopal structure
• broke with Rome
• abolished the sacraments
• The Act of Succession
• Made their heir to the throne the first born child
of a king regardless of gender
• Gave Parliament the right to choose the next
monarch of England
• Failed to pass Parliament
• Made Anne Boleyn’s children the legitimate heirs
to the throne
• Made James VI of Scotland Henry VIIIs heir
• The Act of Succession
• Made their heir to the throne the first born child
of a king regardless of gender
• Gave Parliament the right to choose the next
monarch of England
• Failed to pass Parliament
• Made Anne Boleyn’s children the legitimate heirs
to the throne
• Made James VI of Scotland Henry VIIIs heir
• The Book of Common Prayer, written by Thomas
Cranmer, was imposed on all English churches by
• The Act of Uniformity
• The Act of Conformity
• The Act of Commonality
• The Act of Succession
• The Act of Compliance
•
• The Book of Common Prayer, written by Thomas
Cranmer, was imposed on all English churches by
• The Act of Uniformity
• The Act of Conformity
• The Act of Commonality
• The Act of Succession
• The Act of Compliance
•
• Henry VIII converted England to Protestantismm
mainly because he
• Resented the authority of Rome
• Wanted his marriage annulled so he could marry
Anne Bolelyn
• Had sincere Protestant convictions
• Feared leaving the throne to his only child at the
time , a daughter
• e. Disagreed with the Archbishop of Canterbury
• Henry VIII converted England to Protestantismm
mainly because he
• Resented the authority of Rome
• Wanted his marriage annulled so he could marry
Anne Bolelyn
• Had sincere Protestant convictions
• Feared leaving the throne to his only child at the
time , a daughter
• e. Disagreed with the Archbishop of Canterbury
• One area in which the Council of Trent insisted
on closer Church regulation was
• The translation of scripture
• Consideration of the sacraments
• The sale of indulgences
• The selection of saints
• Services in the vernacular
• One area in which the Council of Trent insisted
on closer Church regulation was
• The translation of scripture
• Consideration of the sacraments
• The sale of indulgences
• The selection of saints
• Services in the vernacular
• . Which of the following was NOT a goal of the
Catholic and Counter –Reformations?
• the conversion of the populations of southern
Europe
• The reform of abuses within the Roman Catholic
Church
• The confirmation of the Church’s basic dogma
• The stemming of the spread of Protestantism
• The suppression of heresy
• . Which of the following was NOT a goal of the
Catholic and Counter –Reformations?
• the conversion of the populations of southern
Europe
• The reform of abuses within the Roman Catholic
Church
• The confirmation of the Church’s basic dogma
• The stemming of the spread of Protestantism
• The suppression of heresy
• Which of the following accurately depicts a doctrine
defined by the Council of Trent?
• Salvation is attained by “good works” alone
• The ultimate authority for the Christian doctrine in the
Bible, Church traditions, and the writing of the Church
Fathers
• Monasticism and clerical celibacy are forbidden
• Only Holy Communion and Baptism , of the seven
sacraments are necessary to the attainment of
salvation
• The Church is subordinate the state in all but
theological matters
• Which of the following accurately depicts a doctrine
defined by the Council of Trent?
• Salvation is attained by “good works” alone
• The ultimate authority for the Christian doctrine in the
Bible, Church traditions, and the writing of the Church
Fathers
• Monasticism and clerical celibacy are forbidden
• Only Holy Communion and Baptism , of the seven
sacraments are necessary to the attainment of
salvation
• The Church is subordinate the state in all but
theological matters
• . The Jesuits
• became involved in the education of Catholic
children
• served as advisors to Catholic kings
• rooted out heresy through press censorship
• converted “heathens” through missionary
work
• all of the above
• . The Jesuits
• became involved in the education of Catholic
children
• served as advisors to Catholic kings
• rooted out heresy through press censorship
• converted “heathens” through missionary
work
• all of the above
• . Which was one of the most important
accomplishments of The Council of Trent(15451563)
• Reconciliation with the Protestants
• Reforms led to a spiritual renewal of the Roman
Catholic Church
• The sale of indulgences was encouraged
• Simony and pluralism were established
• The Roman Inquisition was instituted
• . Which was one of the most important
accomplishments of The Council of Trent(15451563)
• Reconciliation with the Protestants
• Reforms led to a spiritual renewal of the Roman
Catholic Church
• The sale of indulgences was encouraged
• Simony and pluralism were established
• The Roman Inquisition was instituted
• “ To arrive at complete certainty, this is the attitude that we should
maintain: I will believe that the white object I see is black if that
should be the desire of the hierarchical church, for I believe that
linking Christ our Lord the Bridegroom and His Bride the Church,
there is one and the same Spirit, ruling and guiding us for our souls’
good. For our Holy Mother and the Church is guided and ruled by
the same spirit, the Lord who gave the Ten Commandments.”
•
• The passage comes for the pen of
• Martin Luther
• Erasmus
• Ignatious Loyola
• Galileo
• e. John Calvin
• “ To arrive at complete certainty, this is the attitude that we should
maintain: I will believe that the white object I see is black if that
should be the desire of the hierarchical church, for I believe that
linking Christ our Lord the Bridegroom and His Bride the Church,
there is one and the same Spirit, ruling and guiding us for our souls’
good. For our Holy Mother and the Church is guided and ruled by
the same spirit, the Lord who gave the Ten Commandments.”
•
• The passage comes for the pen of
• Martin Luther
• Erasmus
• Ignatious Loyola
• Galileo
• e. John Calvin
•
•
•
•
. The Council of Trent
Excommunicated Martin Luther
Established the Inquisition
Insisted that the Catholic Church was the final
arbiter in all matters of faith
• Reconciled Protestants and Catholics
• Produce the Treaty of Augsburg
•
•
•
•
. The Council of Trent
Excommunicated Martin Luther
Established the Inquisition
Insisted that the Catholic Church was the final
arbiter in all matters of faith
• Reconciled Protestants and Catholics
• Produce the Treaty of Augsburg
• .Ignatius of Loyola taught good Catholics to
• Submit without question to higher church
authority and spiritual direction
• Only question the doctrines of the church in
privacy in order to avoid public scrutiny
• Encourage religious innovation
• Bring any reform ideas to a council where they
would be considered
• Take up arms against suspected Protestants
• .Ignatius of Loyola taught good Catholics to
• Submit without question to higher church
authority and spiritual direction
• Only question the doctrines of the church in
privacy in order to avoid public scrutiny
• Encourage religious innovation
• Bring any reform ideas to a council where they
would be considered
• Take up arms against suspected Protestants
• The Council of Trent’s most important reforms
concerned
• The role of women in the church
• Transubstantiation
• Internal church discipline
• The power structure of the church
• Religious tolerance
• The Council of Trent’s most important reforms
concerned
• The role of women in the church
• Transubstantiation
• Internal church discipline
• The power structure of the church
• Religious tolerance
• Which of the following best characterizes the
Counter-Reformation
• A movement to reform the Catholic Church from
within
• A movement to stamp out Protestantism
• A movement to create a “third theological way”
• A movement to both reform from within and
combat the spread of Protestantism
• A movement to censure thinkers like Galileo
• Which of the following best characterizes the
Counter-Reformation
• A movement to reform the Catholic Church from
within
• A movement to stamp out Protestantism
• A movement to create a “third theological way”
• A movement to both reform from within and
combat the spread of Protestantism
• A movement to censure thinkers like Galileo
• A traditional institution within the Catholic
Church which was transformed in the 16th
century to fight the spread of Protestantism was
• The Reformation
• The Counter-Reformation
• The Inquisition
• The Conciliar Movement
• The Court of the Star Chamber
• A traditional institution within the Catholic
Church which was transformed in the 16th
century to fight the spread of Protestantism was
• The Reformation
• The Counter-Reformation
• The Inquisition
• The Conciliar Movement
• The Court of the Star Chamber
• ..The greatest significance of the Council of Trent for
the history of Europe was
• Its triumph over Protestantism
• Its successful reform of the Roman Church
• Its pledge, on the part of the German princes, not to go
to war over religion
• That it signified a defeat for those who wished for
reconciliation between Protestants and the Roman
Church
• That it served as an anit-Protestant force all over the
globe
• ..The greatest significance of the Council of Trent for
the history of Europe was
• Its triumph over Protestantism
• Its successful reform of the Roman Church
• Its pledge, on the part of the German princes, not to go
to war over religion
• That it signified a defeat for those who wished for
reconciliation between Protestants and the Roman
Church
• That it served as an anit-Protestant force all over the
globe
• Generally, the only major changes enacted by
the Council of Trent related to
• Language of the liturgy
• Closer supervision and higher standards for
clergy
• The closing of convents
• Indulgences and purgatory
• Financial accountability
• Generally, the only major changes enacted by
the Council of Trent related to
• Language of the liturgy
• Closer supervision and higher standards for
clergy
• The closing of convents
• Indulgences and purgatory
• Financial accountability
• . At the Council of Trent, the Catholic Churcch
• Agreed to work with Protestant theologians to come to
an acceptable compromise
• Accepted Protestant positions on most issues, though
still refused to allow for clerical marriage
• Decided to wait to formulate a position on most of the
issues addressed by the Protestants
• Rejected Protestant positions on the sacraments, on
the giving of wine to the laity during communion , and
on clerical marriage
• Focused on producing a new catechism that could be
effectively counteract Protestant ideas
• . At the Council of Trent, the Catholic Churcch
• Agreed to work with Protestant theologians to come to
an acceptable compromise
• Accepted Protestant positions on most issues, though
still refused to allow for clerical marriage
• Decided to wait to formulate a position on most of the
issues addressed by the Protestants
• Rejected Protestant positions on the sacraments, on
the giving of wine to the laity during communion , and
on clerical marriage
• Focused on producing a new catechism that could be
effectively counteract Protestant ideas
• As a result of the Council of Trent, the Catholic
Church did all of the following EXCEPT
• Build seminaries for the training of priests
• Bring an end to the selling of indulgences
• End the practice of simony
• Ban the cult of the saints
• e. Create a list of proscribed books
• As a result of the Council of Trent, the Catholic
Church did all of the following EXCEPT
• Build seminaries for the training of priests
• Bring an end to the selling of indulgences
• End the practice of simony
• Ban the cult of the saints
• e. Create a list of proscribed books
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Roman Catholic Council of Trent (1545-1563) had
as its primary result
(A) a compromise with Protestants to reunite Christians
(B) a political compromise with the Protestant princes of
central Europe
(C) reform within the Catholic church and reaffirmation of
Catholic doctrine
(D) the firm reestablishment of conciliar power over the
papacy
(E) creation of a balance of power between the papacy
and the heads of the great Catholic states
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Roman Catholic Council of Trent (1545-1563) had
as its primary result
(A) a compromise with Protestants to reunite Christians
(B) a political compromise with the Protestant princes of
central Europe
(C) reform within the Catholic church and reaffirmation of
Catholic doctrine
(D) the firm reestablishment of conciliar power over the
papacy
(E) creation of a balance of power between the papacy
and the heads of the great Catholic states
• Which of the following is an accurate characterization of England in the period 1688-1715 ?
• (A) A Puritan theocracy
• (B) An absolute monarchy
• (C) A democracy practicing religious toleration
• (D) A merchant republic increasingly under Dutch
dominance
• (E) A constitutional monarchy controlled by an
aristocratic oligarchy
• Which of the following is an accurate characterization of England in the period 1688-1715 ?
• (A) A Puritan theocracy
• (B) An absolute monarchy
• (C) A democracy practicing religious toleration
• (D) A merchant republic increasingly under Dutch
dominance
• (E) A constitutional monarchy controlled by an
aristocratic oligarchy
•
•
•
•
. The Council of Trent
a. excommunicated Martin Luther
b. established the Inquisition
c. insisted that the Catholic Church was the
final arbiter in all matters of faith
• d. reconciled Protestants and Catholics
• e. produced the Treaty of Augsburg
•
•
•
•
. The Council of Trent
a. excommunicated Martin Luther
b. established the Inquisition
c. insisted that the Catholic Church was the
final arbiter in all matters of faith
• d. reconciled Protestants and Catholics
• e. produced the Treaty of Augsburg
• .One area which the Council of Trent insisted
on closer Church regulation was
• a. the translation of scripture
• b. consideration of the sacraments
• c. the sale of indulgences
• d. the selection of saints
• e. services in the vernacular
•
• .One area which the Council of Trent insisted
on closer Church regulation was
• a. the translation of scripture
• b. consideration of the sacraments
• c. the sale of indulgences
• d. the selection of saints
• e. services in the vernacular
•
• Which of the following accurately depicts a doctrine
defined by the Council of Trent?
• a. salvation is attained by “good works” alone
• b. the ultimate authority for Christian doctrine is the
Bible, Church traditons, and the writings of the Church
fathers
• c. Monasticism and clerical celibacy are forbidden
• d. only Holy Communion and Baptism, of the seven
sacraments, are necessary to the attainment of
salvation
• e. the Church is subordinate to state in all but
theological matters
• Which of the following accurately depicts a doctrine
defined by the Council of Trent?
• a. salvation is attained by “good works” alone
• b. the ultimate authority for Christian doctrine is the
Bible, Church traditons, and the writings of the Church
fathers
• c. Monasticism and clerical celibacy are forbidden
• d. only Holy Communion and Baptism, of the seven
sacraments, are necessary to the attainment of
salvation
• e. the Church is subordinate to state in all but
theological matters
• Which was one of the most important
accomplishments of The Council of Trent(15451563)?
• a. reconciliation with the Protestants
• b. reforms led to a spiritual renewal of the Roman
Catholic Church
• c. the sale of indulgences was encouraged
• d. Simony and pluralism were established
• e. The Roman Inquisition was established
• Which was one of the most important
accomplishments of The Council of Trent(15451563)?
• a. reconciliation with the Protestants
• b. reforms led to a spiritual renewal of the Roman
Catholic Church
• c. the sale of indulgences was encouraged
• d. Simony and pluralism were established
• e. The Roman Inquisition was established
• Which of the following best characterizes the
Counter Reformation?
• a. movement to reform the Catholic Church
• b. a movement to stamp out Protestantism
• c. a movement to create a “third theological way”
• d. a movement to both reform from within and
combat the spread of Protestantism
• e. a movement to censure thinkers like Galileo
• Which of the following best characterizes the
Counter Reformation?
• a. movement to reform the Catholic Church
• b. a movement to stamp out Protestantism
• c. a movement to create a “third theological way”
• d. a movement to both reform from within and
combat the spread of Protestantism
• e. a movement to censure thinkers like Galileo
• At the Council of Trent the Catholic Church
• a. agreed to work with the Protestant theologians to
come to an acceptable compromise
• b. accepted Protestant positions on most issues,
though still refused to allow for clerical marriage
• c. decided to wait to formulate a position on the issues
addressed by the Protestants
• d. rejected Protestant positions on the sacraments, on
giving of wine to the laity during communion, and on
clerical marriage
• e. focused on producing a new catechism that could
effectively counteract Protestant ideas
• At the Council of Trent the Catholic Church
• a. agreed to work with the Protestant theologians to
come to an acceptable compromise
• b. accepted Protestant positions on most issues,
though still refused to allow for clerical marriage
• c. decided to wait to formulate a position on the issues
addressed by the Protestants
• d. rejected Protestant positions on the sacraments, on
giving of wine to the laity during communion, and on
clerical marriage
• e. focused on producing a new catechism that could
effectively counteract Protestant ideas
• The Council of Trent(1545-1563) was the major
body through which
• a. Spain strengthened its position against the
Turks
• b. the house of Hapsburg gained control over
Italy
• c. the Roman Catholic Church reformed itself
• d. European states entered into economic
cooperation
• e. Puritans and Catholics were reconciled
• The Council of Trent(1545-1563) was the major
body through which
• a. Spain strengthened its position against the
Turks
• b. the house of Hapsburg gained control over
Italy
• c. the Roman Catholic Church reformed itself
• d. European states entered into economic
cooperation
• e. Puritans and Catholics were reconciled
• .The most important goal of the Council of
Trent was the:
• a. strengthening of internal Church discipline
• b. organization of military opposition to the
Reformation
• c. establishment of new religious orders
• d. reduction of papal control of doctrine
• e. preparation of a revised book of prayer
• .The most important goal of the Council of
Trent was the:
• a. strengthening of internal Church discipline
• b. organization of military opposition to the
Reformation
• c. establishment of new religious orders
• d. reduction of papal control of doctrine
• e. preparation of a revised book of prayer
• The leading economic center of early 17th
century Europe was
• a. Rome
• b. Amsterdam
• c. London
• d. Prague
• e. Hamburg
• The leading economic center of early 17th
century Europe was
• a. Rome
• b. Amsterdam
• c. London
• d. Prague
• e. Hamburg
• Family relations in western Europe in the period 15001750 were generally similar to modern ones in that
• (A) the core of the family was nuclear
• (B) the legal power of the father over the family
steadily declined
• (C) divorce on the basis of irreconcilable differences
increased dramatically
• (D) family chapels, directed by fathers, dominated
community services
• (E) children left home and established separate
households soon after puberty
• Family relations in western Europe in the period 15001750 were generally similar to modern ones in that
• (A) the core of the family was nuclear
• (B) the legal power of the father over the family
steadily declined
• (C) divorce on the basis of irreconcilable differences
increased dramatically
• (D) family chapels, directed by fathers, dominated
community services
• (E) children left home and established separate
households soon after puberty
• . Which of the following statements is true regarding
western European family life in the period 1750-1850?
• (A) There was an increased importance placed on childrearing among the upper classes.
• (B) There was a significant decline in out-of-wedlock births
due to Enlightenment reforms.
• (C) Life expectancy declined due to the hazards associated
with industrialization.
• (D) The birth rate increased significantly due to government
social welfare programs.
• (E) Most nations repealed laws that enforced the legal and
economic inferiority of women.
•
• . Which of the following statements is true regarding
western European family life in the period 1750-1850?
• (A) There was an increased importance placed on childrearing among the upper classes.
• (B) There was a significant decline in out-of-wedlock births
due to Enlightenment reforms.
• (C) Life expectancy declined due to the hazards associated
with industrialization.
• (D) The birth rate increased significantly due to government
social welfare programs.
• (E) Most nations repealed laws that enforced the legal and
economic inferiority of women.
•
• In seventeenth-century western Europe, marriage
patterns showed a tendency toward:
• (A) intermarriage between peasant families and noble
families
• (B) intermarriage between Christians and Jews
• (C) romantic love as the major factor in choosing a
spouse
• (D) non-noble women marrying much younger men
• (E) relatively late first marriages by non-noble women
• In seventeenth-century western Europe, marriage
patterns showed a tendency toward:
• (A) intermarriage between peasant families and noble
families
• (B) intermarriage between Christians and Jews
• (C) romantic love as the major factor in choosing a
spouse
• (D) non-noble women marrying much younger men
• (E) relatively late first marriages by non-noble women
• . Which of the following was most typical of
preindustrial European village society?
• (A) Single-crop agricultural production
• (B) Domestic manufacture of most household
goods
• (C) Upward economic mobility from one
generation to the next
• (D) Low infant-mortality rates
• (E) Long life expectancy
• . Which of the following was most typical of
preindustrial European village society?
• (A) Single-crop agricultural production
• (B) Domestic manufacture of most household
goods
• (C) Upward economic mobility from one
generation to the next
• (D) Low infant-mortality rates
• (E) Long life expectancy
• . The early Protestants stressed education,
even for girls, primarily so that females could
• Read and study scripture individually
• Be better wives and mothers
• Operate shops and keep accounts
• Serve in the church leadership roles
• Teach religion
• . The early Protestants stressed education,
even for girls, primarily so that females could
• Read and study scripture individually
• Be better wives and mothers
• Operate shops and keep accounts
• Serve in the church leadership roles
• Teach religion
• . Premarital sex in preindustrial Europe
• Was rampant
• Resulted in high percentage of illegitimate
births
• Was more common that it is today
• Was suppressed by the social controls of
village life
• Did not exist
• . Premarital sex in preindustrial Europe
• Was rampant
• Resulted in high percentage of illegitimate
births
• Was more common that it is today
• Was suppressed by the social controls of
village life
• Did not exist
• . Which of the following best describes the Early Modern
family as an economic unit?
• Males were in the “public sphere while females were in the
“domestic”
• Male and female roles were largely interchangeable among
the peasantry but not among the bourgeoisie
• The family as an economic unit was collapsing following the
introduction of capitalist production methods
• Larger immediate families meant that extended families
were no longer part of the same economic unit
• Child labor was no longer as essential a component in an
age of economic expansion
•
• . Which of the following best describes the Early Modern
family as an economic unit?
• Males were in the “public sphere while females were in the
“domestic”
• Male and female roles were largely interchangeable among
the peasantry but not among the bourgeoisie
• The family as an economic unit was collapsing following the
introduction of capitalist production methods
• Larger immediate families meant that extended families
were no longer part of the same economic unit
• Child labor was no longer as essential a component in an
age of economic expansion
•
• The canonical, or church-sanctioned, age for
marriage prior to 16th century was which of
the following ages for men
• 21
• 30
• 14
• 18
• 25
• The canonical, or church-sanctioned, age for
marriage prior to 16th century was which of
the following ages for men
• 21
• 30
• 14
• 18
• 25
• . Which of the following reasons did NOT contribute to
the wide usage of wet nursing among upper class
women?
• The church forbade lactating women from indulging in
intercourse
• Unhappiness with the contraceptive effect of nursing
• Vanity and convenience
• The milk supply of a stranger was healthier than that of
one’s own mother
• The use of wet nurses reflected social standing
• . Which of the following reasons did NOT contribute to
the wide usage of wet nursing among upper class
women?
• The church forbade lactating women from indulging in
intercourse
• Unhappiness with the contraceptive effect of nursing
• Vanity and convenience
• The milk supply of a stranger was healthier than that of
one’s own mother
• The use of wet nurses reflected social standing
• . Demographic changes in the late 16th and early
17th century Europe contributed to
• a. state budget surpluses
• b. price inflation and a decrease in real wages
• c. greater equity in patterns of land ownership
• d. market agriculture and a decline in commerce
• e. higher population densities in Eastern Europe
that Western Europe
• . Demographic changes in the late 16th and early
17th century Europe contributed to
• a. state budget surpluses
• b. price inflation and a decrease in real wages
• c. greater equity in patterns of land ownership
• d. market agriculture and a decline in commerce
• e. higher population densities in Eastern Europe
that Western Europe
• In the 17th century Western Europe, marriage patterns
showed a tendency toward:
• a. intermarriage between peasant families and noble
families
• b. intermarriage between Christians and Jews
• c. romantic love as the major factor in choosing a
spouse
• d. non-noble women marrying much younger men
• e. relatively late first marriages by non-noble women
• In the 17th century Western Europe, marriage patterns
showed a tendency toward:
• a. intermarriage between peasant families and noble
families
• b. intermarriage between Christians and Jews
• c. romantic love as the major factor in choosing a
spouse
• d. non-noble women marrying much younger men
• e. relatively late first marriages by non-noble women
• One of the most troubling aspects for Lutherans
regarding the radical religious sects that
appeared during the 16th century Reformation
was that the sects
• a. practiced a form of egalitarianism between
men and women
• b. were strict sabbatarians
• c. often lapsed back toward Catholicism
• d. focused solely on the Scriptures as authority
• e. continued to practice infant baptism
• One of the most troubling aspects for Lutherans
regarding the radical religious sects that
appeared during the 16th century Reformation
was that the sects
• a. practiced a form of egalitarianism between
men and women
• b. were strict sabbatarians
• c. often lapsed back toward Catholicism
• d. focused solely on the Scriptures as authority
• e. continued to practice infant baptism
• . Which of the following regularly allowed
women to preach in 17th century England?
• a. Roman Catholics
• b. Puritans
• c. Presbyterians
• d. Quakers
• e. Anglicans
• . Which of the following regularly allowed
women to preach in 17th century England?
• a. Roman Catholics
• b. Puritans
• c. Presbyterians
• d. Quakers
• e. Anglicans
• Couples in early modern Europe generally put off
marriage until they were, on average, in their mid to
late twenties because
• a. sexual maturation was delayed until the mid
twenties because of poor nutrition
• b. the were concerned about scarcity of housing
• c. they needed to acquire land or learn a trade route
before they could support a family
• d. the customs and mores of a society dominated by
religion promoted sexual restraint
• e. laws prohibited marriage without parental
permission before the age of majority
• Couples in early modern Europe generally put off
marriage until they were, on average, in their mid to
late twenties because
• a. sexual maturation was delayed until the mid
twenties because of poor nutrition
• b. the were concerned about scarcity of housing
• c. they needed to acquire land or learn a trade route
before they could support a family
• d. the customs and mores of a society dominated by
religion promoted sexual restraint
• e. laws prohibited marriage without parental
permission before the age of majority