FEDERALISM
CHECKS & BALANCES
SEP. OF POWERS
BILL OF RIGHTS
Delegated Powers
Powers that are given to the federal government.
Reserved Powers
Powers that are kept by the states & the people.
Concurrent Powers
Powers shared by both national & state gov’ts.
In federalism, the Constitution
divides power between the
national government and the state
governments; refer to the 10th
Amendment.
“The powers delegated by the proposed
Constitution to the federal government, are few
and defined. Those which are to remain in the
State governments are numerous and indefinite.
James Madison
Federalist No. 45
The former will be exercised principally on
external objects, as war, peace, negotiation, and
foreign commerce….The powers reserved to the
several States will extend to all the objects
which…concern the lives, liberties, and properties
of the people…”
Admit New States
Coin Money
Declare War Collect Tariffs
Foreign Policy
Army & Navy
Weights & Measures
National Defense
FEDERAL (Delegated)
Punish Treason
Regulate Interstate Commerce
Propose Amendments
Regulate Foreign Trade
Immigration
Education
Establish
Courts
Organize Militia
SHARED
(Concurrent)
Taxation
Establish Local Governments
Marriage Laws
STATE (Reserved)
Ratify Amendments
Regulate Intrastate Commerce
Montesquieu
• French philosopher
• Wrote The Spirit of the Laws (1748)
– a separation of powers protects
liberty as one branch can keep
another branch from infringing on
liberty
LEGISLATIVE
(Congress)
MAKES
Laws
EXECUTIVE
(The President)
ENFORCES
Laws
JUDICIAL
(Courts)
JUDGES
Laws
The Veto
• Latin meaning “I
Forbid”
• President can
check legislative
power of Congress
with a veto, but…
• A 2/3 vote in both
houses of
Congress can
override
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FEDERALISM
CHECKS & BALANCES
SEP. OF POWERS
Characteristics come together to
create an ordered government – one in
which government’s power is limited
and individual liberties are protected
BILL OF RIGHTS