Topic: Ecology
Aim: Describe the flow of energy in an
ecosystem.
Do Now: Evolution Review #4
HW: Evolution CL due tomorrow!
1. Which species have
become extinct? Why?
They had an unfavorable
adaptation.
There was no variation in
the species and they could
not adapt to a major
environmental change.
2. Which two species are
most closely related?
1. D and E
2. B and C
3. H and I
4. A and I
• Where an organism
Habitat lives
• Organism’s “address”
Niche
• The role of a species in the
environment
• Ex: how, when, or way they
obtain nutrients, its
reproductive behavior
Niches of a sunflower
growing in the
backyard
- Absorb light, water and
minerals
- Provide shelter and
food for other
organisms (e.g. bees,
ants, etc.)
- Release oxygen into
the atmosphere
2 organisms • Competition
occupying
the same
niche
Identify the type of organism described.
1. Feed on producers.
2. Feed on organisms that have already been
killed.
3. Feed on both plants and animals.
4. Break down the remains of dead organisms
and return some nutrients back to the soil.
5. Autotrophs
6. Meat eaters
7. Hunt and kill prey.
1. Identify the main source of
energy in an ecosystem
SUNLIGHT
2. What occurs to the energy in an
ecosystem?
- Energy is not recycled.
- Energy is converted into different forms.
3. Describe • How matter and energy
what a
food chain
shows.
passes from one
organism to another
4. Identify • Producers
the
organisms
that make
up the
first step
of a food
chain.
5. Identify • Herbivores
the
• Primary Consumers
organisms
that make
up the 2nd
step of a
food chain.
6. Identify •
the
organisms
•
that make
up the 3rd
step of a
food chain.
Carnivores and
omnivores
Secondary or tertiary
consumer
7. Explain
• Amount of available
what
energy is reduced as you
happens to move though each level.
the amount
of energy
as it is
passed
through a
food chain.
.
Herbivore
Carnivore
Carnivore
Grass  Grasshopper  Sparrows  Hawks
producers
Primary
consumer
Secondary
consumer
Teritiary
consumer
Decrease in energy (lost in the form of heat)
8. Observe
Figure 15
on p.727.
.
8. Observe Figure 15 on p.727.
Heat
Grass
Heat
 Marmots 
Soil
Soil
Heat
Grizzly bear
Soil
Heat
Grass
 Marmots 
Soil
Heat
Heat
Grizzly bear
Soil
Soil
a. Identify the producers.
Grass
b. Identify the herbivore.
Marmots
(primary consumer)
Heat
Grass
 Marmots 
Soil
Heat
Heat
Grizzly bear
Soil
c. Identify the carnivore.
Grizzly bear
(secondary consumer)
Soil
Heat
Grass
 Marmots 
Soil
Heat
Heat
Soil
Grizzly bear
d. Infer what might happen if grizzly bears
disappear from the food chain.
The marmot population would increase.
The grass population would decrease.
Soil
Heat
Grass
Heat
 Marmots 
Soil
Soil
Heat
Grizzly bear
Soil
e. What do the red arrows represent?
Heat (energy) released
f. What do the blue arrows represent?
Matter that makes up molecules
of energy
9. Describe • Shows all possible
a food
feeding relationships in a
web.
community
10. Observe Figure 16 on page 728.
a. Identify the producers.
Berries and flowers, grasses, seeds
b. Identify 2 herbivores.
(Primary consumers)
Deer, grouse, insects, chipmunk, marmot
c. Identify 2 carnivores.
Bear
(Secondary consumer)
(Also primary consumer)
Decomposers
11.
• Shows amount of energy
Describe available at each feeding
what an
level
in
an
ecosystem
energy
Pyramid
shows.
12. Where • On the bottom
is the 1st
feeding
level in
an
energy
pyramid
found
13. Explain • It contains the most
why the
energy
and
the
largest
#
1st level
of
organisms.
is the
largest
level.
14. Explain • The transfer of energy is
what
less efficient
occurs
(Each level becomes
to the
transfer smaller)
of
energy
as you
move up
the
pyramid.
Topic: Ecology
Aim: Describe the flow of energy in an
ecosystem.
Do Now:
Food Chain Reading Notes #’s 19-24
HW:3rd Marking Period Quarterly due
Monday April 13th.
Evolution Exam Tuesday, April 14th
Food Chain Lab due Wednesday, April 15th
15. Identify the producers.
Grass
16. Identify the 3 primary
consumers.
Mice
Grasshoppers
Rabbits
17. Identify 2 secondary
consumers.
Foxes
Grasshoppers
Sparrows
Frogs
Hawks
Snakes
18. Identify a tertiary
consumer.
Hawks, Snakes
19. Identify the producers.
Grasses
20. Identify primary
consumers.
Insects
21. Identify secondary
consumers.
Chipmunks
22. Identify a tertiary
consumer.
Grizzly bears
Pyramid of energy
Tertiary
consumers
Secondary consumers
Energy
decreases
Primary consumers
Producers
Carnivores
Herbivores
Producers
Let’s summarize…
1.Identify the main source of energy in an
ecosystem.
2.Who is the first organism found in every
food chain? Give an example.
3.Identify the sequence of organisms in a
food chain.
4.Describe what happens to the energy that
is passed through a food chain or up an
energy pyramid. Explain why this happens.
Which statement best describes
one of the levels of this
pyramid?
(1.) The organisms in level B
obtain food directly from level A.
(2.) Level D contains the greatest
number of heterotrophs in the
pyramid.
(3.) level C contains the largest
group of consumers in the
pyramid.
(4.) Level A contains the largest
producers in the pyramid.
Which statement is best
supported by the information
shown in the pyramid?
(1.) Chipmunks and insects
can occupy the same niche.
(2.) As the number of bears in
this community increases,
the number of chipmunks
will increase.
(3.) Insects are classified as
omnivores in alpine meadow
communities.
(4.) Biomass decreases as
energy is transferred from
one level to another.
Which organisms would most likely have a
predator-prey relationship?
(1.) tapeworm and dog
(2.) barnacle and whale
(3.) hawk and mouse
(4.) rabbit and grass